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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 109 (1976), S. 1575-1576 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 109 (1976), S. 3473-3479 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Base-stabilized Germylenes, IVNitrogen-Germanium and Oxygen-Germanium Ylide Complexes from Chromium, Tungsten, Manganese, and IronThe photochemical reaction of the base-stabilized germylenes 1 and 2 with various carbonyl complexes of chromium, tungsten, manganese, and iron yields under CO-substitution the corresponding nitrogen-germanium or oxygen-germanium ylide complexes 3-12 (table 1). The structure of the compounds is confirmed by i. r., 1H n. m. r., and mass spectra. The ylide ligands show good π-acceptor qualities.
    Notes: Photochemische Umsetzung der basenstabilisierten Germylene 1 und 2 mit verschiedenen Carbonylkomplexen von Chrom, Wolfram, Mangan und Eisen führt unter CO-Substitution zu den entsprechenden Stickstoff-Germanium- bzw. Sauerstoff-Germanium-Ylid-Komplexen 3-12 (Tab. 1). Die Struktur der Verbindungen wird durch IR-, 1H-NMR- und Massenspektren gesichert. Die Ylidliganden zeigen gute π-Akzeptoreigenschaften.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 3357-3365 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses and Reactions of New Germylene Complexes of Chromium and TungstenPentacarbonyl[dichloro(tetrahydrofuran)germylene]chromium(0) (1) and -tungsten(0) (2) react with (diphenylamino)trimethylstannane to give the NR2-substituted germylene complexes 3 and 4, respectively. Complexes with Ge(OR)2 ligands are shown to be very unstable. Reaction of [bis(mesitylthio)germylene]pentacarbonylchromium(0) (5) with boron trichloride, bromide, and iodide leads to the dihalogenogermylene complexes 7, 8, and 9. Properties and some reactions of the prepared compounds are described. The π-acceptor capability of the germylenes is discussed on the basis of vCO-data.
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von Pentacarbonyl[dichlor(tetrahydrofuran)germylen]chrom(0) (1) und -wolfram(0) (2) mit (Diphenylamino)trimethylstannan werden die NR2-substituierten Germylen-Komplexe 3 und 4 hergestellt. Komplexe mit Ge(OR)2-Liganden erweisen sich als sehr instabil. Bei der Reaktion von [Bis(mesitylthio)germylen]pentacarbonylchrom(0) (5) mit Bortrichlorid, -bromid und -iodid entstehen die Dihalogengermylen-Komplexe 7, 8 und 9. Eigenschaften und einige Reaktionen der dargestellten Verbindungen werden beschrieben. Die π-Akzeptorfähigkeit der Germylene wird anhand der vCO-Daten diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 111 (1978), S. 606-614 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Structure of Germylen-and Nitrogen (Phosphorus)-Germanium Ylide Complexes of Chromium and TungstenPentacarbonyl[dichloro(tetrahydrofuran)germylene]chromium(0) (4) and -tungsten(0) (6) react with silyl thioethers to form the carbene analogous germylene complexes 5a, b and 7. The Ge(SR)2 ligands are proved to be good π-acceptors. Germylene complexes can easily be transformed into ylide complexes (9) by addition of bases. An X-ray structure analysis has been performed with pentacarbonyl[bis(mesitylthio)germylene]chromium(0) (5a).
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von Pentacarbonyl[dichlor(tetrahydrofurn)germylen]chrom(0) (4) bzw.-wolfram(0) (6) mit Silyl-thioethern werden die carbenanalogen Germylenkomplexe 5a, b und 7 hergestellt. Die Ge(SR)2-Liganden erweisen sich als gute π-Akzeptoren. Germylexe können durch Zugabe von Basen leicht in Ylidkomplexe (9) übergeführt werden. Vom Pentacarbonyl[bis-(mesitylthio)germylen]chrom(0) (5a) wurde eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse durchgeführt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 88 (1976), S. 720-721 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 89 (1977), S. 675-675 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 639-639 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 15 (1976), S. 684-685 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-12-06
    Description: Today, the comparative analysis of DNA molecules mainly uses information inferred from nucleotide substitutions. Insertion/deletion (INDEL) mutations, in contrast, are largely considered uninformative and discarded, due to our lacking knowledge on their evolution. However, including rather than discarding INDELs would be relevant to any research area in ecology and evolution that uses molecular data. As a practical approach to better understanding INDEL evolution in general, we propose the study of recent INDEL (reINDEL) mutations – mutations where both ancestral and derived state are seen in the sample. The precondition for reINDEL identification is knowledge about the pedigree of the individuals sampled. Sound reINDEL knowledge will allow the improved modeling needed for including INDELs in the downstream analysis of molecular data. Both microsatellites, currently still the predominant marker system in the analysis of populations, and sequences generated by next-generation sequencing, a promising and rapidly developing range of technologies, offer the opportunity for reINDEL identification. However, a 2013 sample of animal microsatellite studies contained unexpectedly few reINDELs identified. As most likely explanation, we hypothesize that reINDELs are underreported rather than absent and that this underreporting stems from common reINDEL unawareness. If our hypothesis applies, increased reINDEL awareness should allow gathering data rapidly. We recommend the routine reporting of either the absence or presence of reINDELs together with standardized key information on the nature of mutations when they are detected and the use of the keyword “reINDEL” to increase visibility in both instances of successful and unsuccessful search. In contrast to nucleotide substitutions, insertion/deletion (INDEL) mutations are largely considered uninformative, due to our lacking knowledge on their evolution. As a practical approach to better understanding INDEL evolution in general, we propose the study of recent INDEL (reINDEL) mutations – mutations where both ancestral and derived state are seen in the sample. We hypothesize that reINDELs are underreported and that increased reINDEL awareness should allow gathering data rapidly, which will then allow the improved modelling needed for including INDELs in the down-stream analysis of molecular data.
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-7758
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-04-28
    Description: In a Technical Advance article, Porazinska et al. (2009, Molecular Ecology Resources, 9, 1439–1450) assessed next generation sequencing (NGS) as a method for metagenomic analysis of nematode diversity. We agree that NGS has great potential here. However, it is not an easy path to the successful implementation of NGS for environmental DNA analysis of nematodes. Here, we describe the method's limitations and discuss prospective research questions. For instance, only a few direct extraction kits are suitable for nematode DNA extraction from bulk samples without adaptation. They enable the analysis of extracellular nematode DNA. The most crucial and unresolved issue remains the limited availability of suitable primers. Our findings indicate that (1) only a few soil DNA kits are suitable to isolate nematode DNA from crude soil samples without adaptation, (2) environmental DNA is an appropriate source for nematode DNA, and (3) the so-far published primers are not sufficiently specific for nematode DNA analysis after direct extraction from bulk soil. We further present key questions for further research.
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-7758
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley
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