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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 77 (1997), S. 105-124 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: Earthquakes ; tides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Following studies already performed by various authors concerning specific tectonic faults we analyse statistically the possibility that earthquakes in the very active seismological zone of Vrancea (Roumania) may be triggered by the vertical luni-solar tidal oscillations when retaining only the components other than diurnal and semi-diurnal. Our conclusion is that for three of the four leading tides, with periods 18.6 y, 182.62 d, and 13.66 d, the earthquakes occur preferentially during the ascending part of each of the sine oscillation. This property is especially visible for the leading 13.66 d fortnightly wave, and for the 18.6 y wave, for which results are very similar to that of Kilston and Knopoff (1983), who analyzed data related to the San Andreas fault in Southern California. As a complement, we carried out an analysis of earthquake periodicities w.r.t. the variation rate of each of the tides above, given by the half-period sine oscillation, which also leads to interesting possible correlations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 81 (1998), S. 201-216 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: dynamical ellipticity ; Earth's rotation ; nutation ; tides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the expressions of variations of the dynamical ellipticity and the principal moments of inertia due to the deformations produced by the zonal part of the tidal potential are obtained. Starting from these expressions, we have studied from equations related to Hamiltonian theory, their effects on the nutation and finally we have evaluated numerically such influences, with a level of truncation at 0.1 μas. Thus we have shown that some coefficients are quite large with respect to the usual accuracy of up-to-date observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 52 (1991), S. 45-55 
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Keywords: Nutation ; rigid Earth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract To check the results given by the new tables of the nutation for the rigid Earth model in (Kinoshita and Souchay, 1990), we perform a calculation of this nutation by numerical integration, using the basic equations of Kinoshita (1977). Results show very small long period residuals, with a discrepancy of 0.06 mas sin Ω in longitude, -0.04 mas cos Ω in obliquity, without out-of-phase components. Moreover, the total residuals of short period do not exceed 0.1 mas in longitude, 0.06 mas in obliquity. All these results are considerably better than those found by previous numerical integrations, thus confirming the validity of the new tables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 39 (1986), S. 283-307 
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La description exacte de la rotation terrestre pose le problème du choix d'un point de référence sur l'équateur instantané, aussi bien dans l'espace que dans la Terre. Nous proposons d'utiliser, comme point de référence dans l'espace, une origine ‘non-tournante’ (Guinot 1979) définie de sorte que son angle horaire, compté depuis l'origine des longitudes (ou origine ‘non-tournante’, dans la Terre), représente strictement la rotation sidérale de la Terre. Une telle origine ne dépend què du mouvement du pôle de rotation; elle est réalisable à partir d'une référence fixe choisie et nous donnons le formulaire permettant de l'obtenir, dans l'espace et dans la Terre. Nous montrons que la détermination de la rotation sidérale n'est pas affectée d'une manière critique par la précision avec laquelle la trajectoire du pôle est connue. En conséquence, nous proposons une définition du Temps Universel qui reste valide même quand on procède à une révision du modèle de la précession et de la nutation. Nous montrons que l'usage de l'origine non-tournante facilite aussi la transformation de coordonnées entre les systèmes terrestre et céleste. Une simplification supplémentaire de cette fransformation peut être obtenue en remplaçant les paramètres classiques de précession-nutation, par les coordonnées du pôle céleste dans l'espace. L'utilisation de l'origine non-tournante de manière générale, à la place de l'équinoxe, aurait ainsi des avantages à la fois de nature conceptuelle et pratique.
    Notes: Abstract The exact description of the Earth's rotation raises the problem of the choice of a reference point on the instantaneous equator both in space and in the Earth. We propose to use, as the reference point in space, a ‘non-rotating origin’ (Guinot 1979) such that its hour angle, reckoned from the origin of the longitudes (or ‘non-rotating origin’ in the Earth), represents strictly the sidereal rotation of the Earth. Such an origin on the instantaneous equator depends only on the motion of the pole of rotation; it is practically realizable from a chosen fixed reference and we give the formulae to obtain it in space and in the Earth. We show that the estimation of the sidereal rotation is not critically affected by the precision with which the trajectory of the pole is known. We therefore propose a definition of the Universal Time which will remain valid even if the adopted model for the precession and the nutation is revised. We show that the use of the non-rotating origin also simplifies the transformation of coordinates between the terrestrial and celestial reference systems. An additional simplification of this transformation would be obtained when using, in the precession and nutation matrixes the development of the celestial coordinates of the pole as function of time in place of the various usual equatorial and ecliptic parameters. The use of the non-rotating origin instead of the equinox would thus have advantages for both conceptual and practical reasons.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-12-03
    Description: The aim of this study is first to determine the gravity field of the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko and second to derive the solar component of the precession rate and nutation coefficients of the spin-axis of the comet nucleus, i.e. without the direct, usually larger, effect of outgassing. The gravity field and related moments of inertia are obtained from two polyhedra, which are provided by the Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System (OSIRIS) and NAVigation CAMera (NAVCAM) experiments on Rosetta, and are based on the assumption of uniform density for the comet nucleus. We also calculate the forced precession rate as well as the nutation coefficients on the basis of Kinoshita's theory of rotation of the rigid Earth and adapted it to be able to indirectly include the effect of outgassing on the rotational parameters. The second degree denormalized Stokes coefficients of comet 67P/C-G turn out to be (bracketed numbers refer to second shape model) C 20 ~= –6.74 [–7.93]  x  10 –2 , C 22 ~= 2.60 [2.71]  x  10 –2 , consistent with normalized principal moments of inertia A / MR 2 ~= 0.13 [0.11], B / MR 2 ~= 0.23 [0.22], with polar moment c  =  C / MR 2 ~= 0.25, depending on the choice of the polyhedron model. The obliquity between the rotation axis and the mean orbit normal is ~= 52°, and the precession rate only due to solar torques becomes $\dot{\psi }\in [20,30]\, {\rm arcsec} \,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ . Oscillations in longitude caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun turn out to be of the order of ~= 1 arcmin, and oscillations in obliquity can be estimated to be of the order of ~= 0.5 arcmin.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2005-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 7
  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-04-21
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-07-17
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-08-01
    Description: Context. We present the second Gaia data release, Gaia DR2, consisting of astrometry, photometry, radial velocities, and information on astrophysical parameters and variability, for sources brighter than magnitude 21. In addition epoch astrometry and photometry are provided for a modest sample of minor planets in the solar system. Aims. A summary of the contents of Gaia DR2 is presented, accompanied by a discussion on the differences with respect to Gaia DR1 and an overview of the main limitations which are still present in the survey. Recommendations are made on the responsible use of Gaia DR2 results. Methods. The raw data collected with the Gaia instruments during the first 22 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) and turned into this second data release, which represents a major advance with respect to Gaia DR1 in terms of completeness, performance, and richness of the data products. Results. Gaia DR2 contains celestial positions and the apparent brightness in G for approximately 1.7 billion sources. For 1.3 billion of those sources, parallaxes and proper motions are in addition available. The sample of sources for which variability information is provided is expanded to 0.5 million stars. This data release contains four new elements: broad-band colour information in the form of the apparent brightness in the GBP (330–680 nm) and GRP (630–1050 nm) bands is available for 1.4 billion sources; median radial velocities for some 7 million sources are presented; for between 77 and 161 million sources estimates are provided of the stellar effective temperature, extinction, reddening, and radius and luminosity; and for a pre-selected list of 14 000 minor planets in the solar system epoch astrometry and photometry are presented. Finally, Gaia DR2 also represents a new materialisation of the celestial reference frame in the optical, the Gaia-CRF2, which is the first optical reference frame based solely on extragalactic sources. There are notable changes in the photometric system and the catalogue source list with respect to Gaia DR1, and we stress the need to consider the two data releases as independent. Conclusions. Gaia DR2 represents a major achievement for the Gaia mission, delivering on the long standing promise to provide parallaxes and proper motions for over 1 billion stars, and representing a first step in the availability of complementary radial velocity and source astrophysical information for a sample of stars in the Gaia survey which covers a very substantial fraction of the volume of our galaxy.
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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