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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 837-848 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: phosphorus removal ; metabolic models ; stoichiometry ; polyphosphate ; poly-β-hydroxybutyrate ; glycogen ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the aerobic phase of the biological phosphorus removal process, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, produced during anaerobic conditions, is used for cell growth, phosphate uptake, and glycogen formation. A metabolic model of this process has been developed. The yields for growth, polyphosphate and glycogen formation are quantified using the coupling of all these conversions to the oxygen consumption. The uptake of phosphate and storage as polyphosphate is shown to have a direct effect on the observed oxygen consumption in the aerobic phase. The overall energy requirements for the P-metabolism are substantial: 25% of the acetate consumed during anaerobic conditions and 60% of the oxygen consumptions is used for the synthesis of polyphosphate and glycogen. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 461-470 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: phosphorus removal ; metabolic model ; stoichiometry ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the anaerobic phase of a biological phosphorus removal process, acetate is taken up and converted to PHB utilizing both energy generated in the degradation of polyphosphate to phosphate, which is released, and energy generated in the conversion of glycogen to poly-β-hydroxy butyrate (PHB). The phosphate/acetate ratio cannot be considered a metabolic constant, because the energy requirement for the uptake of acetate is strongly influenced by the pH value. The observed phosphate/acetate ratio shows a variation of 0.25 to 0.75 P-mol/C-mol in a pH range of 5.5 to 8.5. It is shown that stored glycogen takes part in the metabolism to provide reduction equivalents and energy for the conversion of acetate to PHB. A structured metabolic model, based on glycogen as the source of the reduction equivalents in the anaerobic phase and the effect of the pH on the energy requirement of the uptake of acetate, is developed. The model explains the experimental results satisfactorily. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 47 (1995), S. 277-287 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: phosphorus removal ; biological ; kinetics ; metabolic model ; polyphosphate ; PHB ; glycogen ; batch reactor, sequenced ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A structured metabolic model is developed that describes the stoichiometry and kinetics of the biological P removal process. In this approach all relevant metabolic reactions underlying the metabolism, considering also components like adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nic-otinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NADH2) are describedbased on biochemical pathways. As a consequence of the relations between the stoichiometry of the metabolic reactions and the reaction rates of components, the required number of kinetic relations to describe the process is reduced. The model describes the dynamics of the storage compounds which are considered separately from the active biomass. The model was validated in experiments at a constant sludge retention time of 8 days, over the anaerobic and aerobic phases in which the external oncentrations as well as the internal fractions of the relevant components involved in the P-removal process were monitored. These measurements include dissolved acetate, phosphate, and ammonium; oxygen consumption; poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB); glycogen; and active biomass. The model satisfactorily describes the dynamic behavior of all components during the anaerobicand aerobic phases.© 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 222-233 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: phosphorus removal, biological ; metabolic model ; polyphosphate ; PHB, glycogen ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The biological phosphorus removal process is a process which depends basically on three internal storage compounds. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) produced during the anaerobic phase is used as substrate for biomass, polyphosphate, and glycogen formation. The reaction rates of the aerobic processes are primarily determined by the PHB content of the cells. This PHB content is highly dynamic due to the conversions during the anaerobic and aerobic phase of the cycle and the ratio between substrate addition and biomass present in the reactor. The amount of biomass present in the reactor is determined by the sludge retention time and growth rate. A metabolic model of the biological phosphorus removal process was developed and verified over a wide range of growth rates. The effect of different growth rates on the internal fractions of stored components was determined and described mathematically. One set of kinetic parameters was capable of describing the measured conversions of all components observed in the reactor as a function of the sludge retention time. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 234-245 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: phosphorus removal, biological ; metabolic model ; polyphosphate ; PHB, ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A metabolic model of the biological phosphorus removal process has been developed and validated previously for complex conversions during the process under anaerobic and aerobic conditions at different growth rates in sequencing batch reactors in steady state. For additional validation of the metabolic model, the model was applied to the dynamic conditions which occur during the start-up phase of the biological P removal in the presence and absence of non-polyP heterotrophic microorganisms. In a laboratory scale sequencing batch reactor, experiments were performed to examine the enrichment of the population with polyphosphate organisms during the start-up and the subsequent shift from non-polyP, heterotrophic organisms to polyP organisms in the sludge. The effect of different influent loading patterns for acetate and phosphate was studied. In these experiments, the maximal growth rate of the polyP organisms and the behavior of the internal storage compounds could be derived. The metabolic model was capable of describing the experimental results, without the need to adjust the kinetic or stoichiometric parameters obtained under steady state conditions. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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