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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Physics in perspective 2 (2000), S. 48-62 
    ISSN: 1422-6960
    Keywords: Key words. History of science, transuranium elements, nuclear fission, periodic system, nuclear physics, radiochemistry, Enrico Fermi, Lise Meitner, Otto Hahn, Fritz Strassmann, Niels Bohr, Philip H. Abelson, Glenn T. Seaborg.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The synthesis of new, artificial elements beyond uranium was at the cutting-edge of physical research in the 1930s, and nearly half a dozen transuranium elements were reported between 1934 and 1938. Nuclear physicists and radiochemists collaborated closely, but each field introduced fundamental assumptions that proved to be false: that nuclear changes would always be small, and that transuranium elements would resemble transition elements chemically. With its surprise ending in the discovery of nuclear fission, the misguided transuranium project can be viewed as an example of the illogical progress of scientific discovery. It is also an example of an interdisciplinary collaboration that was flawed yet crucial, for although chemists and physicists both contributed to the delay in discovering fission, their collaboration was essential in leading them to it in the end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 382 (1996), S. 393-395 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] MANY historians think that an injustice was done in 1945 when Otto Hahn was awarded the 1944 Nobel prize in chemistry for the discovery of nuclear fission. From the beginning the award was controversial and seemed unfair because Hahn's two colleagues, the physicist Lise Meitner and the chemist ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 103 (1991), S. 956-967 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Über Lise Meitner ist viel geschrieben worden, und doch ist sie immer eine Randfigur geblieben. Über ihre bahnbrechenden Leistungen in der Kernphysik ist nur wenig bekannt, ihren Namen assoziiert man hauptsächlich mit der Kernspaltung; die Anerkennung ihres Anteils an dieser Entdeckung blieb ihr jedoch verwehrt. Insbesondere in Deutschland haben die Akteure dieses Szenarios ihren festen Platz: Otto Hahn im Rampenlicht, Fritz Straßmann in seinem Schatten, Lise Meitner nur schemenhaft am Rande des Geschehens erkennbar. Über ihre Rolle läßt sich spekulieren. Die Ostberliner Schriftstellerin Renate Feyl bezeichnet Lise Meitners Lebenswerk als „gekrönt mit dem Nobel-Preis für Otto Hahn“[1]; K.-E. Zimen, ehemaliger Direktor eines nach ihr benannten Instituts, stellt sie als diejenige dar, die der Entdeckung von Anfang an im Wege stand[2]. Oft tritt sie lediglich als Hahns Mitarbeiterin[3] in Erscheinung; zuweilen sucht man vergeblich nach ihr, wie z.B. in einem der bedeutendsten Wissenschaftsmuseen der WeltRuth Lewin Sime, 1939 in New York geboren, schloß 1960 ihr Chemiestudium am Barnard College ab und promovierte 1964 an der Harvard-Universität unter William Lipscomb über Röntgenbeugungsuntersuchungen an molekularen Strukturen. Neben ihrer Lehrtätigkeit arbeitet sie an Programmen zur Förderung des Anteils von Frauen und Studenten aus Minoritätsgruppen in naturwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen mit. Ihr besonderes Interesse an Lise Meitner begann von ungefähr 15 Jahren, als sie ein Seminar über „Frauen in der Wissenschaft“ hielt und überrascht feststellte, wie wenig Beachtung Lise Meitners Leben und Werk bisher in Fachkreisen gefunden hatten. Ruth Lewin Sime arbeitet gegenwärtig an einer wissenschaftlichen und persönlichen Meitner-Biographie., in dem 30 Jahre lang[4] der Arbeitstisch mit der Spaltapparatur - von Lise Meitner in ihrem Laboratorium in ihrer Physikabteilung des Kaiser-Wilhelm-Instituts für Chemie aufgebaut - zu sehen war, ohne daß ihr Name in diesem Zusammenhang überhaupt genannt wurde. Die Akteure selbst sind unterschiedlicher Meinung. In seinen Memoiren hat Hahn erstaunlich wenig über seine langjährige intensive berufliche und freundschaftliche Verbindung mit Lise Meitner zu sagen. Nur bei einem Glas Wein, so erfährt der Leser, „konnte ihm die Äußerung entschlüpfen:, Ich weiss nicht; ich fürchte, Lischen hätte mir die Uranspaltung verboten“[5]. Straßmann betont: „Lise Meitner war die geistig Führende in unserem Team gewesen“[6]! Von Lise Meitner selbst liegt keine Autobiographie vor; die umfangreiche Sammlung von Briefen und Dokumenten aus ihrem Nachlaß jedoch ermöglicht es uns, weit mehr zu erfahren.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 30 (1991), S. 942-953 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Nuclear fission ; History of science ; Meitner, Lise ; Nuclear chemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Much has been written about Lise Meitner, but she remains on the periphery. Of her pioneering work in nuclear physics, little is said; she is remembered primarily for nuclear fission, a discovery in which she did not share. Especially in Germany the staging seldom varies: Otto Hahn in the spotlight, Fritz Straßmann in his shadow, Lise Meitner in the wings, dimly outlined in reflected light. Her role is open to speculation. One writer sees her work “crowned by the Nobel Prize for Otto Hahn”; [1] another, once director of an institute that bears her name, portrays her as the physicist who obstructed the discovery from the start.[2] Often she is cast as Hahn's Mitarbeiterin;[3] sometimes she is completely invisible, as in one of the world's great science museums, which for 30 years displayed[4] the fission apparatus-equipment assembled by Lise Meitner on a table in her laboratory in her physics section of the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Chemie - without ever mentioning her name.[**] The principals themselves do not agree. In his memoirs, Hahn has remarkably little to say of his closest colleague and friend. Only over a glass of wine, we are told, “konnte ihm die Äusserung entschlüpfen: ‘Ich weiss nicht; ich fürchte, Lischen hätte mir die Uranspaltung verboten.”’[5] (“he might let slip: ‘I don't know; I'm afraid Lischen would have forbidden me to discover fission.”’) Straßmann insists: “Lise Meitner war die geistig Führende in unserem Team gewesen”![6] (“Lise Meitner was the intellectual leader of our team”!) From Lise Meitner herself we have no autobiography. Available, however, is the large collection of letters and documents she has left behind, and these make it possible for us to learn much more.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1998-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9228
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-0699
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1997-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9228
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-0699
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1996-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9228
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-0699
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9228
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-0699
    Topics: Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1989-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-9584
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-1328
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Education
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2000-05-15
    Print ISSN: 0009-2347
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-605X
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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