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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate). Part II. Polymer properties (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 1063-1076 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Aqueous solutions of poly(1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate) have good viscosity stability at neutral or acid pH's at temperatures up to 100°C. Strongly basic solutions have poor viscosity stability even at room temperature. At the same ionic strength the relative effectiveness of three sodium salts in the reduction of polymer intrinsic viscosity was: sodium phosphate 〉 sodium sulfate 〉 sodium chloride. This trend toward lower intrinsic viscosities with increased ionic strength reversed itself at high ionic strengths. This polymer is very effective in the flocculation of 5% aqueous kaolin suspensions as indicated by several hundred-fold increases in the initial settling rates. A study of some of the important variables (polymer adsorption, polymer intrinsic viscosity, and agitation) related to this property is presented. The mechanism of flocculation is discussed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1964.070080304
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate). III. Adsorption on a crystalline silica (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 2009-2019 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: With low-shear mixing, a portion of a high molecular weight poly(DMVPMS) is immediately adsorbed, and fairly stable aggregates are formed by the polymer bridging mechanism. The adsorption equilibrium is not established after several weeks because of a very slow liberation of the partly covered surface that is trapped within the aggregates. At a high ionic strength, or when the polymer is degraded to a low molecular weight, the adsorption equilibrium is quickly established because of a weaker bridging in the aggregates. It is proposed that poly(DMVPMS) adsorbs from water in a flattened conformation by an ion exchange mechanism. The saturation level increases and then becomes constant as the ionic strength is increased. Simple electrolytes show a specific effect on the adsorption of poly(DMVPMS) that is analogous to their effect on the interaction of other colloidal particles.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160061206
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate). IV. Flocculation of crystalline silica (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 27-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Silica flocculated with a high molecular weight poly(DMVPMS) contains aggregates that are stable enough to permit size measurement with a Coulter counter. The average size of these aggregates increases up to a critical level of added polymer; the primary particles reappear at higher levels of added polymer. The aggregate size is reduced by continued mixing and the particle size distribution before flocculation is approached. Subsidence rates, equilibrium sediment volumes, and refiltration rates give somewhat different estimates of the degree of flocculation. Additional aggregation beyond that measured by the Coulter counter must be considered in the interpretation of these data. The decrease in floc strength during continued agitation is attributed to a disaggregation of the bridging polymer, to a decrease in the interparticle bonding of the bridging polymer, and to an increase in the surface coverage with polymer.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070102
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aging and loss of flocculation activity of aqueous polyacrylamide solutions (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 1023-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: There is a rapid and a slow stage in the decrease of reduced specific viscosity versus time (aging) for a solution of a high intrinsic viscosity polyacrylamide in water. The rapid stage is irreversible and has a fairly high temperature coefficient. Results of the latter type are usually associated with a weak-link scission mechanism, but they can also be reconciled with a disaggregation mechanism. A disaggregation mechanism is also indicated for the rapid stage by an increase in the first-order rate contant with a decrease in the polymer concentration or an increase in the shear rate and by the absence of the rapid stage during the aging of the same sample in formamide. Chemical changes in the polymer are suspected as being responsible for the RSV change during the slow stage in the aging of the high intrinsic viscosity polyacrylamide and also in the aging of a polyacrylamide of low intrinsic viscosity. The aging of the polyacrylamide of high intrinsic viscosity is paralleled by a decrease in the ability of the polymer to increase the subsidence of kaolin suspensions. This decrease in the flocculation activity is attributed to a weakening of the interparticle bridging by a change from a strong adsorption of the bridging polymer to two particles to a strong adsorption of the bridging polymer to one particle but weak adsorption of the bridging polymer to the other particle.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130517
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate). Part I. Polymerization studies (1964)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 2 (1964), S. 2191-2206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 1,2-Dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate is readily polymerizable in aqueous solution under mild free radical conditions to a high molecular weight, cationic polyelectrolyte. A three-halves order dependence of the rate of polymerization on monomer concentration is indicated for about 75% of the polymerization of 1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate in aqueous solution with potassium persulfate as initiator. A normal dependence of the polymerization rate on the square root of the initiator concentration is also indicated by these data. The overall activation energy is estimated to be about 17 kcal./mole. Preliminary experiments related to the effect of changing the ionic strength of the reaction medium by addition of sodium chloride led to a change in the kinetics with a dramatic slowing-down of the polymerization. Copolymerization studies indicate that the reactivity of this cationic monomer is higher than that of acrylamide, methacrylamide, and methyl methacrylate, but close to that of methacrylic acid.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1964.100020514
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