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  • 1
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    SOSPAC- SOLAR SPACE POWER ANALYSIS CODE (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Solar Space Power Analysis Code, SOSPAC, was developed to examine the solar thermal and photovoltaic power generation options available for a satellite or spacecraft in low earth orbit. SOSPAC is a preliminary systems analysis tool and enables the engineer to compare the areas, weights, and costs of several candidate electric and thermal power systems. The configurations studied include photovoltaic arrays and parabolic dish systems to produce electricity only, and in various combinations to provide both thermal and electric power. SOSPAC has been used for comparison and parametric studies of proposed power systems for the NASA Space Station. The initial requirements are projected to be about 40 kW of electrical power, and a similar amount of thermal power with temperatures above 1000 degrees Centigrade. For objects in low earth orbit, the aerodynamic drag caused by suitably large photovoltaic arrays is very substantial. Smaller parabolic dishes can provide thermal energy at a collection efficiency of about 80%, but at increased cost. SOSPAC allows an analysis of cost and performance factors of five hybrid power generating systems. Input includes electrical and thermal power requirements, sun and shade durations for the satellite, and unit weight and cost for subsystems and components. Performance equations of the five configurations are derived, and the output tabulates total weights of the power plant assemblies, area of the arrays, efficiencies, and costs. SOSPAC is written in FORTRAN IV for batch execution and has been implemented on an IBM PC computer operating under DOS with a central memory requirement of approximately 60K of 8 bit bytes. This program was developed in 1985.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NPO-16855
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Glossary of terms used in solar energy (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Solar Energy (ISSN 0038-092X); 33; 1, 19
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    A graphical approach to the efficiency of flat-plate collectors (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A nomogram is described which can be used to determine the thermal performance of flat plate solar collectors, resulting in two performance factors: the net absorptance and the net heat loss coefficient. The nomogram takes into account angle of incidence, collector slope, absorber plate design, insulating materials, thicknesses, optical properties of absorbing surfaces and glazing materials, and flow factors. A case example is given to illustrate the use of the nomogram.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Solar air heaters and their applications (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The solar air heater appears to be the most logical choice, as far as the ultimate application of heating air to maintain a comfortable environment is concerned. One disadvantage of solar air heaters is the need for handling larger volumes of air than liquids due to the low density of air as a working substance. Another disadvantage is the low thermal capacity of air. In cases where thermal storage is needed, water is superior to air. Design variations of solar air heaters are discussed along with the calculation of the efficiency of a flat plate solar air heater, the performance of various collector types, and the applications of solar air heaters. Attention is given to collectors with nonporous absorber plates, collectors with porous absorbers, the performance of flat plate collectors with finned absorbers, a wire mesh absorber, and an overlapped glass plate air heater.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    The application of simulation modeling to the cost and performance ranking of solar thermal power plants (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Small solar thermal power systems (up to 10 MWe in size) were tested. The solar thermal power plant ranking study was performed to aid in experiment activity and support decisions for the selection of the most appropriate technological approach. The cost and performance were determined for insolation conditions by utilizing the Solar Energy Simulation computer code (SESII). This model optimizes the size of the collector field and energy storage subsystem for given engine generator and energy transport characteristics. The development of the simulation tool, its operation, and the results achieved from the analysis are discussed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: ASME Solar Eng., 1981; p 642-653
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Parabolic dish test site: History and operating experience (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The parabolic dish test site (PDTS) was established for testing point-focusing solar concentrator systems operating at temperatures approaching 1650 C. Among tests run were evaluation and performance characterization of parabolic dish concentrators, receivers, power conversion units, and solar/fossil-fuel hybrid systems. The PDTS was fully operational until its closure in June, 1984. The evolution of the test program, a chronological listing of the experiments run, and data summaries for most of the tests conducted are presented.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-175892 , DOE/JPL-1060-84 , JPL-5105-147 , JPL-PUB-85-18 , NAS 1.26:175892
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Solar concentrator protective system (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A mechanism that blocks concentrated sunlight from reaching a receiver, in the event of a tracking failure or loss of coolant is described. Sunlight is normally concentrated by a dish reflector onto the opening of a receiver. A faceplate surrounds the opening, and coolant carrying tubes, line the receiver. If the concentrated sunlight wanders so it begins to fall on the faceplate, then the sunlight will melt a portion of a fuse wire portion will break. The wire is attached to a flange on a shutter frame, and breaking of the fuse wire allows the frame to fall. Normally, the shutter frame supports shutter elements that are held open by cam followers that bear against cams.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    A Nomographic Methodology for Use in Performance Trade-Off Studies of Parabolic Dish Solar Power Modules (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A simple graphical method was developed to undertake technical design trade-off studies for individual parabolic dish models comprising a two-axis tracking parabolic dish with a cavity receiver and power conversion assembly at the focal point. The results of these technical studies are then used in performing the techno-economic analyses required for determining appropriate subsystem sizing. Selected graphs that characterize the performance of subsystems within the module were arranged in the form of a nomogram that would enable an investigator to carry out several design trade-off studies. Key performance parameters encompassed in the nomogram include receiver losses, intercept factor, engine rating, and engine efficiency. Design and operation parameters such as concentrator size, receiver type (open or windowed aperture), receiver aperture size, operating temperature of the receiver and engine, engine partial load characteristics, concentrator slope error, and the type of reflector surface, are also included in the graphical solution. Cost considerations are not included.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-173908 , DOE/JPL-1060/74 , NAS 1.26:173908 , DE85-000323 , JPL-PUB-84-39
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Solar energy receiver for a Stirling engine (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A solar energy receiver includes a separable endless wall formed of a ceramic material in which a cavity of substantially cylindrical configuration is defined for entrapping solar flux. An acceptance aperture is adapted to admit to the cavity a concentrated beam of solar energy. The wall is characterized by at least one pair of contiguously related segments separated by lines of cleavage intercepting the aperture. At least one of the segments is supported for pivotal displacement. A thermal-responsive actuator is adapted to respond to excessive temperatures within the cavity for initiating pivoted displacement of one segment, whereby thermal flux is permitted to escape from the cavity.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Analysis, development and testing of a fixed tilt solar collector employing reversible Vee-Trough reflectors and vacuum tube receivers (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Vee-Trough/Vacuum Tube Collector (VTVTC) aimed to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of collectors assembled from evacuated tube receivers. The VTVTC was analyzed rigorously and a mathematical model was developed to calculate the optical performance of the vee-trough concentrator and the thermal performance of the evacuated tube receiver. A test bed was constructed to verify the mathematical analyses and compare reflectors made out of glass, Alzak and aluminized GEB Teflon. Tests were run at temperatures ranging from 95 to 180 C during the months of April, May, June, July and August 1977. Vee-trough collector efficiencies of 35-40 per cent were observed at an operating temperature of about 175 C. Test results compared well with the calculated values. Test data covering a complete day are presented for selected dates throughout the test season. Predicted daily useful heat collection and efficiency values are presented for a year's duration at operation temperatures ranging from 65 to 230 C. Estimated collector costs and resulting thermal energy costs are presented. Analytical and experimental results are discussed along with an economic evaluation.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Solar Energy; 22; 5, 19; 1979
    Format: text
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