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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Biochemistry. ; Life sciences. ; Geology. ; Cytology. ; Biochemistry. ; Life Sciences. ; Geology. ; Cell Biology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Global Requirements -- The Narrower General Conditions: Chemistry, Physics and Physical Chemistry–We Can't Live Without Them -- Really Helpful: A Brief Outline of What Happens in Biological Cells Today -- The Previous Models: Sighting the Great Nebula -- The RNA world: A Beginning with a Very Special Molecule? -- The New Model: Hydrothermal Systems in the Early Continental Crust -- A Hypothetical Approach: Hydrothermal Systems in the Early Continental Crust -- Life = Order + Complexity -- After LUCA: What Happened Next?.
    Abstract: This book introduces a fresh perspective on the conditions for the genesis of the first cell. An important possible environment of the prehistoric Earth has long been overlooked as a host to the perfect biochemical conditions for this process. The first complexes of continental crust on the early Earth must have already contained systems of interconnected cracks and cavities, which were filled with volatiles like water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. This book offers insights into how these conditions may have provided the ideal physical and chemical setting for the formation of protocells and early stages of life. The authors support their hypothesis with a number of astonishing findings from laboratory experiments focusing on a variety of organic compounds, and on the formation of key cellular ingredients and of primitive cell-like structures. Moreover, they discuss the principles of prebiotic evolution regarding the aspects of order and complexity. Guiding readers through various stages of hypotheses and re-created evolutionary processes, the book is enriched with personal remarks and experiences throughout, reflecting the authors' personal quest to solve the mystery surrounding the first cell.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 178 p. 48 illus., 47 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030453817
    DDC: 572
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Clausthal-Zellerfeld : Selbstverl. der Geowissenschaftlichen Institute der Techn. Univ. Clausthal
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 91.1170(24)
    In: Clausthaler geowissenschaftliche Dissertationen
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 163 S.
    Series Statement: Clausthaler geowissenschaftliche Dissertationen 24
    Language: German
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Frankfurt am Main : Verl. des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie
    Associated volumes
    Call number: S 99.0435(8)
    In: Mitteilungen des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    ISBN: 3886480925
    Series Statement: Mitteilungen des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie 8
    Classification:
    Geodetic Measurement Systems
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 4
    Call number: 4/M 06.0108 ; M 06.0241
    Description / Table of Contents: Within the national German geoscientific research and development programme "GEOTECHNOLOGIEN", funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the German Research Foundation (DFG), the research theme "Observation of the System Earth from Space" was selected as one of 13 key areas in this programme. During the first research phase for this theme from 2002 to 2004 six projects were accomplished covering Earth gravity field and Earth rotation research. These six projects are related to the data exploitation and preparation of analysis techniques for the gravity field satellite missions CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE, to the integration of geodetic observation techniques for a user centre within the International Earth Rotation Service and to improvements in observation and analysis techniques for airborne gravimetry and ring lasers. This book provides a detailed summary of the obtained results, which are relevant for a broad scientific community working in gravity field and Earth rotation research. - Contents: CHAMP - CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload.- GRACE - The Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment.- GOCE - The Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer.- IERS - The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service .- GEOsensor - Ring Laser for Seismology. - Airborne Gravimetry.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: X, 494 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 3540295208
    Classification:
    Geosciences
    Location: Reading room
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 433 (2005), S. 820-820 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The cyanobacterium known as Acaryochloris marina is a unique phototroph that uses chlorophyll d as its principal light-harvesting pigment instead of chlorophyll a, the form commonly found in plants, algae and other cyanobacteria; this means that it depends on far-red light for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 101 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In higher plants one of the important functions of the leaf epidermis is the effective screening of ultraviolet-B (280–320 nm, UV-B) radiation, due mostly to phenolic compounds. The assessment of the contribution of this function is necessary for an evaluation of the impact of increasing UV-B radiation. A method is proposed to estimate epidermal transmittance on the basis of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. Fluorescence of chlorophyll induced by UV-A (320–400 nm, measuring beam centered at 366 nm, half band width 32 nm) or UV-B (measuring beam centered at 314 nm, half band width 18 nm) is compared to that induced by a blue-green measuring light (475 nm, half band width 140 nm). It is shown that the ratios of UV-and blue-green (BG)-induced fluorescence, F(UV-A)/F(BG) and F(UV-B)/F(BG), are relatively constant among leaf samples of various species (Vicia faba, Spinacia oleracea, Rumex scutatus) from which the epidermis was removed. In epidermis-free leaves no significant differences were found between adaxial and abaxial leaf sides, suggesting that leaf structure has negligible influence on the F(UV)/F(BG) ratios. On the other hand, fluorescence excitation ratios varied over a vast range when intact leaves from different species and habitats were investigated. Ratios were low in sun leaves and relatively high in shade- and greenhouse-grown leaves. By relating these results to those obtained with epidermis-free leaves, epidermal transmittances for UV-B radiation could be estimated, with values ranging between 1 and 45%. The data demonstrate a large adaptability of epidermal UV-A and UV-B transmittance in higher plants. The proposed method may prove a versatile and relatively simple tool for investigating epidermal UV transmittance complementing established methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 122 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The infection of plants with pathogens results in the induction of defence reactions as well as changes in carbohydrate metabolism. On the one hand, the pathogen attempts to manipulate the carbohydrate metabolism of the plant for its own advantage. On the other, the plant has to reorganize carbon fluxes to ensure fight against the pathogen. In order to further investigate the connection between pathogen infection and carbohydrate metabolism, the effects of two types of pathogen, biotrophic and necrotrophic, on gene expression, endogenous sugar levels and photosynthesis of tomato plants were analysed. Photosynthetic gene expression was downregulated on infection with Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea. In contrast, expression of a sink-specific gene encoding a cell wall invertase and of defence genes was induced by both pathogens. These results provide evidence for a co-regulation of defence, sink and photosynthetic gene expression in planta in response to both types of pathogen. The brassinosteroid-containing plant restorative ComCat enhanced resistance against B. cinerea and counter-regulated the repression of photosynthetic gene expression. Endogenous sugar levels decreased and the hexose to sucrose ratio increased on treatment with B. cinerea. The application of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging revealed the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the pathogen response. At 24 h after infection, inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport was restricted to the direct vicinity of the infection site, which was surrounded by a circle of increased photosynthetic activity. The photosynthesis of the remaining leaf was not affected at this stage. These results show the usefulness of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging for the assessment of the complex spatio-temporal changes and for the definition of the areas relevant for other types of determination, e.g. gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Photosynthesis ; PS II quantum yield ; Chlorophyll fluorescence ; Fagus sylvatica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A newly developed portable chlorophyll fluorometer in combination with a special leaf clip holder was used for assessing photosynthetic activity of attached sun leaves of Fagus sylvatica and Cucurbita pepo under field conditions. During diurnal time courses, fluorescence yield, photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) incident on the leaf plane, and leaf temperature were measured and quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PS II), apparent relative electron transport rates, and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ) calculated. In both species, quantum efficiency followed closely the incident PPFD and no hysteresis could be observed during the day. Apparent electron transport rate showed light saturation above a PPFD of 700 μmol m−2 s−1 in F. sylvatica, while in C. pepo no saturation was visible up to 1400 μmol m−2 s−1. NPQ was closely correlated to excessive PPFD calculated from the PS II quantum yield. Maximal NPQ observed was 3.3 Although the beech leaf was exposed for a considerable time to PPFD values of 1400–1500 μmol m−2 s−1 and leaf temperatures between 30 and 35°C, no obvious signs for sustained photodamage could be observed. The data demonstrate the potential of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements to analyse photosynthetic performance under field conditions with minimal disturbance of the plant. Potential error sources due to the geometry of the leaf clip holder used are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Carotenoids ; Chlorophyll fluorescence ; Chlorophyta ; Cyanobacteria ; Energy dissipation ; Lichens ; Light stress ; Photoinhibition in phycobionts ; Phycobiont ; Zeaxanthin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Green algal lichens, which were able to form zeaxanthin rapidly via the de-epoxidation of violaxanthin, exhibited a high capacity to dissipate excess excitation energy nonradiatively in the antenna chlorophyll as indicated by the development of strong nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (FM, the maximum yield of fluorescence induced by pulses of saturating light) and, to a lesser extent, FO (the yield of instantaneous fluorescence). Blue-green algal lichens which did not contain any zeaxanthin were incapable of such radiationless energy dissipation and were unable to maintain the acceptor of photosystem II in a low reduction state upon exposure to excessive photon flux densities (PFD). Furthermore, following treatment of the thalli with an inhibitor of the violaxanthin de-epoxidase, dithiothreitol, the response of green algal lichens to light became very similar to that of the blue-green algal lichens. Conversely, blue-green algal lichens which had accumulated some zeaxanthin following long-term exposure to higher PFDs exhibited a response to light which was intermediate between that of zeaxanthin-free blue-green algal lichens and zeaxanthin-containing green algal lichens. Zeaxanthin can apparently be formed in blue-green algal lichens (which lack the xanthophyll epoxides, i.e. violaxanthin and antheraxanthin) as part of the normal biosynthetic pathway which leads to a variety of oxygenated derivatives of β-carotene during exposure to high light over several days. We conclude that the pronounced difference in the capacity for photoprotective energy dissipation in the antenna chlorophyll between (zeaxanthin-containing0 green algal lichens and (zeaxanthin-free) blue-green algal lichens is related to the presence or absence of zeaxanthin, and that this difference can explain the greater susceptibility to high-light stress in lichens with blue-green phycobionts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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