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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogenetic development of neural responses in the olfactory bulb of laboratory mice (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 157 (1985), S. 789-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In laboratory mice (strain NMRI) the ontogenetic development of single unit activity in the olfactory bulb was investigated. From postnatal day 10 on, spontaneously active neurons were recorded with glass-microelectrodes, and their responses to olfactory stimuli were tested (butyric acid, geraniol, grass- and nest-odour). From day 10 to 13 only very few neurons were recordable (and most of these elements were too weak and were lost before being stimulated). At day 14 the number of recordable neurons increased rapidly, and by day 15 spontaneously active neurons reached adult level in terms of incidence and electric properties. There were 3 types of neurons: 1. respiration synchronous elements; 2. bursting neurons not correlated with respiration; 3. continuously, but randomly, firing elements (about 60% of all neurons). Reactions to odour stimuli (excitation, ca. 50%; inhibition, ca. 34%; complex reactions, ca. 12%; change in activity pattern, ca. 4%) occurred as soon as the cells were stable enough for testing. The reaction patterns showed no age specific differences; the duration of the responses varied from 100 ms to 100 s. In younger animals (P11–P14) the percentage of responses was slightly smaller (47%) than in the older ones (P30–P50; 64% response to olfactory stimulation). For some of the odours tested the proportion of responding cells differed depending on age (for instance grass odour evoked a response in 40% of the cells in young ones, but in 65% in adults).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01350076
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deduction of aerosol size distribution from particle sampling by whisker collectors (1983)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 1 (1983), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A method of deducing airborne particle size distributions from the deposition on a collector is described. The method basically consists in collecting submicron-sized particles on whisker filters for subsequent electron-microscopic examination. The empirical size distributions on the collectors can be approximated by log-normal functions. Moreover, it has been found that the variation in particle distribution across a four-stage whisker filter can be interpreted on the basis of a simple model of the collection process. The effective absorption coefficient derived from this modeling is used to correct the empirical data for the effect of a selective collection characteristic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266466
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and production of 3-hydroxy-Δ9-cis-1,18-octadecenedioic acid by mutants of Candida tropicalis (1996)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 45 (1996), S. 342-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  The transformation of oleic acid by mutants of Candida tropicalis was studied in fed-batch cultures. Besides Δ9-cis–1,18-octadecenedioic acid, 3-hydroxy-Δ9-cis–1,18-octadecenedioic acid was detected as the main fermentation product. Here we describe the production, isolation and the complete chemical characterization of the purified 3-hydroxy-Δ9-cis–1,18-octadecenedioic acid. The geometric configuration of the double bond was not changed during bioconversion. The enantiomeric excess of the compound was 76%. Mutagenesis of C. tropicalis DSM 3152 with N-methyl-N-nitro-N′-nitrosoguanidine and selection with oleic acid as the sole carbon source led to mutant M 25, which produced the 3-hydroxy-Δ9-cis–1,18-octadecenedioic acid at a 1.8-fold higher concentration in the medium as compared to the parent strain. The maximum concentration of the hydroxy dioic acid was 19.4 g/l after 223 h fermentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050694
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Problems of component discrimination in space radiation dosimetry (1975)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 12 (1975), S. 127-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary Resolving the LET spectrum of environmental radiation in space for assessing dose equivalents creates special problems due to superposition effects. Three components of the radiation field in space, trapped protons, tissue disintegration stars, and neutrons, contribute the bulk of the total dose equivalent. While lack of discrimination of neutron recoil and trapped primary protons does not interfere with correct determination of the combined dose equivalent as such, the simultaneous bursts of several low-energy protons and alpha particles from tissue disintegration stars completely defy LET-resolution with conventional instrumentation. So far, the tissue star dose has been determined only semiquantitatively from nuclear emulsion data. The neutron spectrum in space shows a markedly higher relative fluence in the region beyond 5 MeV than the fission neutron spectrum. Therefore, its LET spectrum centers less heavily on LET values near the proton Bragg Peak. This would call for assigning a QF value of less than 10 to the neutron dose in space. Still more serious shortcomings exist with regard to LET interpretation of heavy primaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01328974
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microdosimetric structure of heavy ion tracks in tissue (1976)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 13 (1976), S. 215-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary Energy dissipation in tracks of high energy heavy ions in tissue shows a lateral spread of several to many microns depending on the energy of the primary particle. Complete dosimetric characterization, therefore, requires in addition to the Linear Energy Transfer (LET) information on the radial energy distribution. The theory of track structure distinguishes two regions: core and penumbra. The core is a narrow central zone with a radius in tissue far below 1 micron where energy deposition occurs mainly in processes of excitation and electron plasma oscillation. According to the Equipartition Principle, half of the total energy dissipation accrues in this manner. The penumbra is a peripheral zone enveloping the core where energy deposition occurs mainly in ionization events by energetic secondary electrons released by the primary particle in the center of the core traveling at rather high speed thus spreading laterally. The extension of the penumbra depends in a complex manner on the maximum transferable energy to electrons which in turn depends on the speed of the primary particle. Local energy density in the penumbra decreases with the square of increasing radius. It therefore amounts only to a very small fraction of the core density already a few microns away from the center. In general terms, track structure can be described as exhibiting a core of enormous energy density with lateral dimensions remaining entirely on the submicroscopic level surrounded by a penumbra where energy density drops precipitously to very small levels. The relationships are illustrated with micrographs of different sections of a heavy particle track in nuclear emulsion and their counterpart graphical plots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01330766
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotope shifts in the atomic spectrum of xenon and nuclear deformation effects (1974)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 270 (1974), S. 113-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical isotope shifts of four lines in the atomic spectrum of xenon have been measured using enriched samples of all stable xenon isotopes. The spectrograms were recorded with the aid of a pressure-scanned Fabry-Pérot interferometer and analysed by digital data techniques. The measured isotope shifts are shown to be self-consistent by means of a King plot. An estimate of the specific mass effect is given and the changesδ 〈r 2〉 of the mean square radius of the nuclear charge distribution are extracted from the measured shifts. These changesδ 〈r 2〉 are discussed in terms of the nuclear deformation parameterβ 2. The results for the deformation of the stable even xenon isotopes are shown to be in good agreement with the systematic of deformation found for the neighbouring elements from Coulomb excitation experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01677442
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioconversion of sunflower oil, rapeseed oil and ricinoleic acid by Candida tropicalis M25 (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 50 (1998), S. 573-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Bioconversions of sunflower oil and rapeseed oil in fed-batch cultures fermented with Candida tropicalis M25 were studied. Cofermentations with palmitic acid resulted in successful transformations to different 3-hydroxydioic acids. The absolute configuration of the major fermentation product, R-(Z)-3-hydroxy-9-octadecenedioic acid, was determined by comparison of the 1H NMR data with those of an authentic, optically pure compound. Using ricinoleic acid as the sole carbon source, the optically pure R-(Z)-7-hydroxy-9-octadecenedioic acid was obtained at a maximum concentration of 4.2 g/l. In addition to the hydroxydioic acid, (Z)-3,12-dihydroxy-9-octadecenedioic acid was also produced following fermentation with the mutant M25.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051337
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation of linoleic acid with the Candida tropicalis M25 mutant (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 48 (1997), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Linoleic acid was transformed by mutant Candida tropicalis M25 and transformations were studied in batch and fed-batch cultures. Cofermentations with palmitic acid as inducer of the fatty acid degradation pathway were performed. Besides the (Z),(Z)-octadeca-6,9-dienedioic acid, (Z),(Z)-3-hydroxyoctadeca-9,12-dienedioic acid and (Z),(Z)-3-hydroxytetradeca-5,8-dienedioic acid were obtained as the main fermentation products. The maximum concentrations of (Z),(Z)-octadeca-6,9-dienedioic acid and (Z),(Z)-3-hydroxyoctadeca-9,12-dienedioic acid reached values of 6.4 g/l and 6.9 g/l respectively. The structures of the products were characterized by chemical and spectroscopic methods. The configuration of the double bonds was not changed during bioconversion. As only one regioisomer of the hydroxylated fatty acid was detected, the hydroxylation is site-specific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051019
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektroorganische Chemie. Von F. Beck. Verlag Chemie, GmbH, Weinheim 1974. 1. Aufl., XVI, 391 S., 76 Abb., 47 Tab., geb. DM 88. -  (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 87 (1975), S. 494-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19750871316
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book Review: Elektroorganische Chemie (Electro-Organic Chemistry). By F. Beck (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 14 (1975), S. 441-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197504411
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