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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perception of Heat in Cheese Sauces as Affected by Capsaicin Concentration, Fat Level, Fat Mimetic and Time (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 64 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Perceived heat intensity in cheese sauces with five capsaicin levels, three fat levels and four fat mimetics was studied with time intensity techniques. Heat intensity was not related to fat mimetic. No differences occurred among fat levels at 0.0 and 0.4 ppm capsaicin. At 0.8 ppm capsaicin, maximum and total heat intensities of reduced- and low-fat sauces were equal; both were lower in full-fat sauces (P〈0.001). Low-fat sauces exhibited greater maximum heat and total intensity than full-fat at 1.2 ppm capsaicin. At 1.6 ppm capsaicin, low-fat sauces had greater total intensity than either reduced-or full-fat (P〈0.05) sauces. At low-fat levels, lower capsaicin concentrations provided heat equal to higher concentrations in full-fat cheese sauces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb09886.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoltification in the net-pen culture of accelerated coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum: prediction of saltwater performance (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 22 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Prediction of the success of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, in making the transition from fresh water to salt water was investigated by the use of statistical comparisons between several freshwater variables and several measures of saltwater performance. Data were collected from two consecutive broodyears of coho salmon that were derived from a nested mating design, grown under enhanced rearing conditions, and raised in marine net-pens. Equations were developed that could successfully predict percentage smolts and saltwater growth from morphological measurements taken in fresh water. However, saltwater survival was not predictable from these measurements. Criteria for predictive equations and the value of these calculations, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1983.tb04758.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for length and weight of marine net-pen reared coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum) (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 32 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated for length and weight of two brood years (BY 1977 and BY 1978) of coho salmon [Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum)] during the marine net-pen phase of rearing. The estimates were calculated from length and weight measurements on progeny resulting from a nested mating design and measurements at approximately 4 and 7 months after entering sea water. Point estimate for heritabilities based on the sire component for BY 1977 were low to moderate (0.02–0.19) and did not differ significantly from zero. On the other hand, BY 1978 estimates ranged from 0.31 to 0.62 and, with two exceptions, were significantly different from zero. The latter estimates may have been inflated by inclusion of variances from non-additive sources, but still indicated that differences in the genetic potential for increased growth between the two year classes may be substantial. Genetic correlations between length and weight within sampling periods were consistently high (0.95–1.00), indicating that pleiotropic gene action or close linkage among genes affects length and weight. Genetic correlations between body size traits (length and weight) between sampling periods varied considerably but suggested a potential for indirect selection gains. Genetic correlation approximations derived using family means or ranks appeared to provide reliable estimates and may be useful when environmental influences cause a significant deviation from normality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2001.00556.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of Physicochemical Characteristics of Goat Milk Fat by Feeding Protected High Oleic Sunflower Oil Supplements (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Protein-oil supplements containing high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and different proteins were prepared and fed to lactating goats. Milk fat from goats on basal diet had 12.5% oleic acid (C18:1n9), but C18:1n9 increased (P 〈 0.05) to 19.0% on the keratin protein-oil supplement diet, 19.2% on the casein protein-oil supplement diet, and 25.2% on dry casein (DC) protein-oil supplements diet. Feeding protein-oil supplements increased (P 〈 0.05) levels of triacylglycerols with 46 and 50 carbons in milk fat and decreased (P 〈 0.05) solid content in milk fat at 10°C from 34.8% to 23.0% for DC, to 26.5% for casein, and to 29.6% for keratin. The DC protein-oil supplement diet might produce spreadable butter out of the refrigerator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb06329.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of exact and sequential methods in multi-stage index selection (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 66 (1983), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Independent culling ; Multi-stage selection ; Sequential selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The theory of sequential multi-stage index selection makes an implicit assumption that the correlation between indices at different stages is zero. This assumption was shown to result in errors in the estimation of genetic gain and in the proportion of the population selected by truncating the joint distribution of the indices. Knowledge of the means and volumes of truncated multivariate normal distributions was used to correct these estimates. Effects of selection intensity and the correlation between the first and second stage indices (ϱ) on the accuracy of the approximate sequential method were examined. Computational constraints limited this analysis to two-stage index selection procedures. The sequential method performed well for ϱ less than 0.6 but accuracy deteriorated rapidly as ϱ increased beyond this value. The effect of selection intensity on accuracy was smaller than ϱ. On a percentage basis, errors in actual percent selected and under-estimation of genetic gain increased with selection intensity while overestimation decreased. The types of errors which occur and their magnitude depend on the intensity of first stage selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281843
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further approximations for selection intensity (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 465-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Computer approximation ; Rational polynomials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Three new approximations are suggested for the standardized selection intensity, i. Two are simple functions of powers of b, the fraction selected. These improve on previous approximations by covering a broader range of selection intensities. A third approximation is developed using a rational polynomial. This gave accurate approximation, but simplicity was lost.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265351
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genotype by environment interactions and genetic correlations involving two environmental factors (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1983), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genotype by environment Interaction ; Genetic correlation ; Cattle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The concept of the genetic correlation for one trait across environments was extended to two environmental factors B and C. Three additive genetic correlations for the same trait were defined: rG, across both environmental factors; rG(B), across C and within B; and rG(C), across B and within C. As genotype x environment variances increase, the genetic correlations across environments decrease. These three genetic correlations are biased downward in the presence of heterogeneity of genetic variances within environments when they are calculated from the usual analysis of variance (r*G, r*G(B), r*G(C)). Correction factors were derived to remove the bias. The two-way genotype by environment interaction variances can be biased upward or downward by the heterogeneity, but the three-way interaction variance is always biased upward. Correction factors for the interaction variances were also derived. Four additive genetic correlations between two traits (X and Y) were derived: rG xy, across both B and C; rG(B) xy, and rG(C) xy, across one environmental factor and within the other; and rG(BC) xy, within both B and C. These concepts were extended to genetic correlations for dominance and maternal effects. Paternal half-sib and factorial mating designs were used to obtain the various genetic correlations. An example of a paternal half-sib design with beef cattle was used to illustrate the methodology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303929
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the inheritance of flowering in sugarcane (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 503-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Heritability ; Repeatability ; Cytoplasmic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Inheritance of first, maximum and average flowering date and percent flowering was investigated in sugarcane crosses involving early, mid, and late flowering parents in all possible combinations. Parental and f1 progeny data were taken on plant crops in 1983 and 1984 and a ratoon crop in 1985. Individuals in 1984 and 1985 were clones of the genotypes used in 1983. Heritabilities within years ranged between 0 and 0.3, indicating only moderate additive genetic variance. Approximately 30% to 50% of the observed variation could be attributed to genetic sources as measured by repeatability estimates. Contribution of female parents was more important than male parents, indicating an important role for cytoplasmic effects in flowering response. Heritabilities based on females were substantially larger than corresponding male estimates. Progeny flowered less frequently and later than parents, suggesting that early, frequent flowering depended on specific gene combinations which were lost during crossing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276757
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic interpretation and analysis of diallel crosses with animals (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 17-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Diallel cross ; Maternal effects ; Heterosis ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A genetic framework was developed for the interpretation of statistical parameters estimated from a diallel experiment among a fixed set of lines. These included average direct genetic, average maternal genetic, general combining ability, reciprocal, and line and specific direct and maternal heterotic effects. The genetic model is based on direct and maternal additive and dominance genetic effects as would be expected in animal species. The model assumes that dominance is the underlying basis of heterosis. As an example, litter size at birth was analyzed from a 5 × 5 diallel cross with mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276256
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  • 10
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    Repeated measures analysis of variance: application to tree research (1990)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-05-01
    Description: Repeated measures data occur in a wide variety of experimental situations and are often analyzed without full consideration of the statistical issues involved. In this paper, a discussion of model construction, univariate versus multivariate solutions, and statistical assumptions is motivated by examples from a tree physiology experiment. In addition, several examples from the forestry literature are reviewed. It is hoped that this discussion will help scientists with little statistical training to become aware of the different analyses available and perhaps to recognize the associated models in their own research. The examples range from a simple repeated measures design with one within-subject factor and no between-subjects factors to a more complex design involving multiple within-subject and between-subjects factors. The modelling approach used here permits a straightforward comparison between the univariate and multivariate solutions. Although no single approach is consistently best, the multivariate approach is always appropriate and provides the same interpretations as the univariate approach. However, when appropriate assumptions such as sphericity are met, power considerations tend to favor the more traditional univariate analysis.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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