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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and feeding in the onuphid polychaete, Diopatra cuprea (Bosc) (1968)
    Springer
    Marine biology 2 (1968), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Population density of the onuphid polychaete Diopatra cuprea is poorly correlated with particle size distribution of the substratum. It varies directly, however, with current velocity. Measurements of the volume of oxygen drawn through the tube by the inhabitants' rhythmic activities, and the volume consumed under similar conditions, indicate that the rate of oxygen utilization is unusually low; therefore, the influence of current velocity cannot be exerted through its effect on oxygen supply. We suggest that the worm's tube, which protrudes several centimeters above the substratum in the form of an inverted hook, is a food-catching device whose efficiency is governed by the volume of water flowing past. This hypothesis is supported by the identity of many species found both in the gut and on the tube. We also suggest that the tube-irrigating activities permit the animal to test the medium for the presence of chemical stimuli emanating from food caught by the tube; supra-threshold concentrations of these stimuli elicit the feeding response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351635
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Globin gene cluster haplotypes in Yanomama Indians from the Amazon region of Brazil (1992)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 89 (1992), S. 629-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six polymorphic restriction enzyme sites in the beta-globin gene cluster were investigated in Yanomama Indians from the Amazon region of Brazil, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Four haplotypes were identified; the haplotype frequency distribution is similar to those reported for Polynesians, Micronesians and most Asian populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221952
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elimination and haemodynamic effects of nitrendipine in patients with chronic renal failure (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 433-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitrendipine ; renal failure ; haemodynamic effects ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In sixteen patients with arterial hypertension and differing degrees of renal function the pharmacokinetics and haemodynamic effects of nitrendipine have been studied after treatment for 7 days. The AUC (0–24) and the elimination half-life of nitrendipine were significantly increased; the AUC (0–24) in patients with renal failure (median creatinine clearance 27.1 ml × min−1) was 196 ng × ml−1 × h compared to 97.8 ng × ml−1 × h in control subjects (median creatinine clearance 94.4 ml × min−1). The corresponding elimination half-lives were 13.5 h in renal failure and 4.4 h in the controls. The haemodynamic effects of nitrendipine were not enhanced in the patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558065
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of renal failure on cytochrome P450 activity in hypertensive patients using a “cocktail” of antipyrine and nifedipine (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 83-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Antipyrine-nifedipine cocktail ; Renal failure; pharmacokinetics ; patients ; cytochrome P450 activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective. Two substrates were coadministered in a “cocktail” approach to evaluate the contribution of renal failure to drug oxidation. Patients. Nineteen hypertensive patients, nine of them with chronic renal failure (CLCR 38.9 vs 102.3 ml⋅min−1⋅1.73 m−2), were investigated after peroral administration of a combination of antipyrine (500 mg, in capsules) and nifedipine (10 mg, in Oxcord capsules) in the morning after an overnight fast. Results. This “cocktail” approach made it possible to characterize in vivo the activities of different forms of cytochrome P450 in a single-study protocol using the total clearance of nifedipine and clearance for production of 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine (HMA), 4-hydroxyantipyrine (OHA) and norantipyrine (NORA). With this “cocktail” approach (antipyrine plus nifedipine), we can suggest a selective effect on the activities of cytochrome P450 forms associated with the formation of dehydronifedipine (P450 III A4) and of NORA in patients with mild renal failure under long-term antihypertensive therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050073
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of two different doses of nitrendipine on steady-state plasma digoxin level and systolic time intervals (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 31 (1986), S. 391-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitrendipine ; digoxin ; plasma levels ; interaction ; systolic time intervals ; adverse effects ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of two different doses of nitrendipine on plasma digoxin levels, urinary recovery and systolic time intervals was investigated in 8 healthy volunteers. Following a loading dose, digoxin 0.25 mg b.d. p.o. was given alone for 2 weeks. Then 0.25 mg digoxin b.d. was administered for two 1-week periods combined with nitrendipine 10 mg or 20 mg once daily. The study was completed with another digoxin monotherapy phase lasting 7 days. Nitrendipine 20 mg daily led to a significant increase in plasma digoxin levels and in its area under the plasma concentration-time curve AUC (0–12) compared to digoxin monotherapy. The AUC (0–12) was 9.7 ng ml−1h when digoxin alone was given and 11.2 ng ml−1h on co-administration of the calcium antagonist. Urinary recovery and renal clearance of digoxin were slightly but not significantly increased by nitrendipine. Nitrendipine 10 mg once daily caused a small, insignificant tendency to elevate the plasma digoxin level. Nitrendipine co-administration (10 and 20 mg once daily) did not significantly alter systolic time intervals, as non-invasively measured haemodynamic parameters, compared to digoxin treatment alone. Thus, nitrendipine 20 mg daily caused a significant increase in plasma digoxin concentrations and in its AUC, which would rarely be of clinical relevance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613512
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prolongation of the PQ interval as a measure of therapeutic inequivalence between two formulations of diltiazem (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 48 (1995), S. 45-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Diltiazem ; PQ interval ; ECG ; bioequivalence ; therapeutic equivalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the use of atrioventricular (AV) conduction time to assess the therapeutic equivalence of two diltiazem formulations in 20 volunteers in a double-blind, cross-over trial. ECG recording was carried out before and at several intervals after drug administration, and prolongation of the PQ interval (ΔPQ) was taken as a pharmacodynamic response. In addition, diltiazem plasma concentrations were determined in 8 subjects. The effect of diltiazem increased proportionally with the plasma concentration and could be detected up to 10 h after administration. The area under the effect-time curve (AUEC0–10), the peak effect (Emax), and the effect mean residence time (MRTE) showed significant differences. In contrast to the pharmacodynamics, the pharmacokinetic profiles of diltiazem do not vary to the same extent. We conclude that the formulations are therapeutically different. Furthermore, at the administered dose, ΔPQ appears to be a sensitive measure for assessing the electrophysiological properties of diltiazem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202171
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability and elimination of nitrendipine in liver disease (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 32 (1987), S. 563-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitrendipine ; pharmacokinetics ; hepatitis ; liver cirrhosis ; protein binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty one patients with liver disease (cirrhosis 11, chronic hepatitis 5 and acute hepatitis 5) and 6 healthy volunteers were given a single i.v. dose of nitrendipine 5 mg. Afterwords nitrendipine 20 mg once daily were administered orally for seven days. With the intravenous injection a significant increase in the AUC and elimination half-life of nitrendipine was found in patients with cirrhosis as compared to the normal volunteers. After chronic oral dosing, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve, AUC (0–24), was 94.5 ng ml−1 h and the plasma clearance CL was 1380.6 ml/min in the healthy controls; in patients with cirrhosis the AUC (0–24) h was significantly greater at 309.4 ng ml−1 h and CL had fallen to 686.6 ml/min. Considerable accumulation of nitrendipine was also found in the patients with chronic hepatitis. Nitrendipine could not be detected in urine from any of the subjects. Blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly influenced by the treatment in the various groups investigated. Antipyrine clearance in the patients with cirrhosis was correlated with the nitrendipine plasma clearance. Thus, accumulation of nitrendipine has been demonstrated in the patients with cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02455989
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel parallel-rotation algorithm for atomistic Monte Carlo simulation of dense polymer systems (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 9772-9779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We develop and test a new elementary Monte Carlo move for use in the off-lattice simulation of polymer systems. This novel Parallel-Rotation algorithm (ParRot) permits moving very efficiently torsion angles that are deeply inside long chains in melts. The parallel-rotation move is extremely simple and is also demonstrated to be computationally efficient and appropriate for Monte Carlo simulation. The ParRot move does not affect the orientation of those parts of the chain outside the moving unit. The move consists of a concerted rotation around four adjacent skeletal bonds. No assumption is made concerning the backbone geometry other than that bond lengths and bond angles are held constant during the elementary move. Properly weighted sampling techniques are needed for ensuring detailed balance because the new move involves a correlated change in four degrees of freedom along the chain backbone. The ParRot move is supplemented with the classical Metropolis Monte Carlo, the Continuum-Configurational-Bias, and Reptation techniques in an isothermal–isobaric Monte Carlo simulation of melts of short and long chains. Comparisons are made with the capabilities of other Monte Carlo techniques to move the torsion angles in the middle of the chains. We demonstrate that ParRot constitutes a highly promising Monte Carlo move for the treatment of long polymer chains in the off-lattice simulation of realistic models of dense polymer systems. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1371496
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yeast diversity in hypersaline habitats (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 244 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Thus far it has been considered that hypersaline natural brines which are subjected to extreme solar heating, do not contain non-melanized yeast populations. Nevertheless we have isolated yeasts in eight different salterns worldwide, as well as from the Dead Sea, Enriquillo Lake (Dominican Republic) and the Great Salt Lake (Utah). Among the isolates obtained from hypersaline waters, Pichia guilliermondii, Debaryomyces hansenii, Yarrowia lipolytica and Candida parapsilosis are known contaminants of low water activity food, whereas Rhodosporidium sphaerocarpum, R. babjevae, Rhodotorula laryngis, Trichosporon mucoides, and a new species resembling C. glabrata were not known for their halotolerance and were identified for the first time in hypersaline habitats. Moreover, the ascomycetous yeast Metschnikowia bicuspidata, known to be a parasite of the brine shrimp, was isolated as a free-living form from the Great Salt Lake brine. In water rich in magnesium chloride (bitterns) from the La Trinitat salterns (Spain), two new species provisionally named C. atmosphaerica– like and P. philogaea– like were discovered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.01.043
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of fish silage as an ingredient for eel fingerling nutrition
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquaculture 80 (1989), S. 135-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8486
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90279-2
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