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  • 1
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    Occurrence of mammalia relicts at site Gura Cheii-Rasnov (2001)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Keywords: Age, 14C conventional; Age, cultural; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Apodemus sylvaticus; Arvicola terrestris; Aurignacian; Canis lupus; Capra ibex-pyrenaica; Cervus elaphus; Clethrionomys glareolus; Counting, mammalia; Cricetus cricetus; Equus sp.; EUQUAM; European Quaternary Mammalia Database; Facies name/code; Geologic age name; Gravettian; Gura_Cheii-Rasnov; Late Pleistocene; Microtus (Chionomys) nivalis; Microtus (Tericola) subterraneus; Microtus arvalis-agrestis; Microtus gregalis; Microtus oeconomus; Mousterian; Mustela sp.; Ochotona pusilla; ORDINAL NUMBER; Pleistocene; Quarternary; Sample comment; Sicista subtilis-betulina; Sorex araneus-alpinus; Stratigraphy; Sus scrofa; Talpa europaea; Ursus spelaeus; Vulpes vulpes; Weichselian
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 61 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deuterium dissociation on ordered Sn/Pt(111) surface alloys (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 3255-3264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have explored the effect of alloying an unreactive metal, Sn, on the dynamics of D2 dissociative chemisorption at Pt(111). By comparing D2 sticking and recombinative desorption on Pt(111) with that on the ordered p(2×2) Sn/Pt(111) and ((square root of 3)×(square root of 3))R30° Sn/Pt(111) surface alloys, we examine the influence of the local surface composition on reactivity. The energy dependence of D2 sticking S(E) has been measured for all three surfaces using a hyperthermal beam. We find that the activation barrier for dissociative chemisorption is low on the p(2×2) alloy, but the sticking probability is reduced, compared to Pt(111), by an increase in the steric constraint on the dissociation site. Sticking on the ((square root of 3)×(square root of 3))R30° alloy is inefficient at thermal energies with a threshold of ∼280 meV, below which the sticking probability falls exponentially. The increase in the barrier to D2 dissociation occurs as the stable, high coordination Pt3–D binding sites are lost by formation of the ((square root of 3)×(square root of 3))R30° alloy. Despite the large activation barrier, sticking is dominated by the vibrational ground state with the barrier occurring in the entrance channel, before the D2 bond has stretched. Departures from a normal energy scaling indicate that the dissociation site is localized in the unit cell and we suggest favorable dissociation sites on the alloy surfaces. Estimates for the heats of adsorption, obtained by comparing activation energies to adsorption and desorption, indicate an abrupt decrease in the D binding energy as the Pt3 sites are lost. We show that sticking and desorption parameters are consistent with an increasing steric constraint for adsorption/desorption on the alloy surfaces as the Sn content is increased and an increase in the barrier to dissociation as the stable Pt3 sites are lost by alloying. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.476916
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational state dependence of D2 dissociation on Ag(111) (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 4714-4722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Initial sticking probabilities for D2 dissociative chemisorption at a Ag(111) surface have been measured for translational energies in the range Ei=220–500 meV, as a function of incident angle θi and gas temperature, using seeded molecular beams. Sticking probabilities are dependent on the D2 internal state distribution and scale with the normal component of the translational energy. The data has been fit by assuming that dissociation is independent of molecular rotation, being the sum of contributions from molecules in different vibrational states v with a sticking function S0(Ei,θi,v)=A/2{1+tanh[Ei cos2 θi−E0(v)]/w(v)}, in a manner similar to the behavior on copper. Sticking parameters E0, the translational energy required for S0 to reach half of its maximum value, are determined with good precision (±25 meV) for levels v=3 (328 meV) and v=4 (170 meV) with width parameters w=54 and 63 meV, respectively, while the barriers for levels v=1 and 2 are close to the upper limit of the sticking data and E0 is estimated as 700±100 and 510±70 meV, respectively. Parameters for the vibrational ground state (v=0) could not be obtained, since sticking of this state is negligible at translational energies less than 500 meV. No dissociation could be observed at thermal energies Ei≤70 meV either on a flat or a defective surface. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473508
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Comparison of Step-Gradient and Sequential Density Ultracentrifugation and the Use of Lipoprotein Deficient Plasma Controls in Determining the Plasma Lipoprotein Distribution of Lipid-Associated Nystatin and Cyclosporine (1999)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 16 (1999), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: lipoprotein distribution ; ultracentrifugation ; liposomes ; nystatin ; and cyclosporine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011951602894
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The biology ofRoptrocerus xylophagorum [Hym.: Torymidae], with a note on its taxonomic status (1984)
    Springer
    BioControl 29 (1984), S. 287-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La biologie du parasitoide de scolytes,Roptrocerus xylophagorum Ratzeburg, provenant de Georgie, Etats-Unis, a été étudiée en Australie dans des conditions contrôlées. Les parasitoides ont été mis en présence deIps grandicollis Eichhoff dans des troncs isolés dePinus radiata D. Don. Les femelles vivent jusqu' à 24 j. à 24°C et peuvent parasiter jusqu'à 11 insectes-hôtes dans la même journée. En général, 1 seul œuf est déposé par hôte paralysé. Aussi bien les larves que les nymphes sont parasitées mais les premières sont préférées. Cette espèce est arrhénotoque et a tendance à donner davantage de mâles en présence de larves d'Ips plus petites. Les mâles et les femelles demandent 150 degrés-jours et 179 degrés-jours respectivement, au-dessus du seuil de 13,8°C pour achever leur développement; leur taille est fonction du stade de l'hôte. Dans un 2ème élevage lesRoptrocerus provenant de Californie avaient un aspect différent, bien qu'il s'agisse en principe de la même espèce. Des essais préliminaires de croisement ont mis en évidence que ces 2 populations sont isolées au point de vue reproduction.
    Notes: Abstract The biology of the bark beetle parasitoidRoptrocerus xylophagorum (Ratzeburg) from Georgia, U.S.A., was studied under controlled conditions in Australia. Parasitoids were presented withIps grandicollis Eichhoff in the isolated bark ofPinus radiata D. Don. Females lived up to 24 days at 24°C, and could parasitize up to 11 hosts in a single day. Usually only 1 egg was laid on each paralyzed host. Both larvae and pupae were parasitized, but the former appeared to be preferred. The species was arrhenotokous, and tended to produce more males when parasitizing smallerIps larvae. Males and females required 158Do and 179Do respectively, above a threshold of 13.8°C, to complete development, and their size was dependent on the host stage. Insects in a 2nd culture ofRoptrocerus from California differed in appearance, although supposedly being the same species. A preliminary cross-breeding experiment provided evidence that the 2 cultures are reproductively isolated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372116
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preliminary studies on the efficacy and establishment ofRoptrocerus xylophagorum [Hym.: Torymidae], a parasitoid ofIps grandicollis [Col.: Scolytidae], in Australia (1986)
    Springer
    BioControl 31 (1986), S. 173-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Roptrocerus xylophagorum ; Ips grandicollis ; scolytid population dynamics ; scolytid biological control ; parasitoid efficacy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le parasitisme d'Ips grandicollis Eichhoff parRoptrocerus xylophagorum (Ratzeburg) et la compétition intra-spécifique au sein des populations d'Ips ont été étudiés dans les conditions du laboratoire. On trouvait le plus grand nombre deR. xylophagorum immatures dans les rondins échantillonnés quand environ la moitié de la descendance du scolyte était représentée par de très jeunes adultes. Les taux de parasitisme dépassaient rarement 20 % et étaient ordinairement beaucoup plus bas. Le nombre de parasitoïdes n'était pas affecté par l'épaisseur de l'écorce. En l'absence de parasitisme, les populations d'Ips souffraient d'une mortalité liée à la densité dont l'intensité s'accroissait fortement et continuait à agir plus tard au cours du développement des populations quand les densités initiales de larves dépassaient un seuil d'environ 400/1 000 cm2 d'écorce. La signification possible de cette mortalité est discutée en relation avec la capacité des parasitoïdes à réduire le nombre d'Ips. On a réalisé une étude à l'extérieur pour étudier la capacité deR. xylophagorum à s'établir dans un nouvel habitat. Les populations s'établlrent en 1 ou plusieurs générations au moyen d'un lâcher de 50 Ф dans des sites préparés, pourvus d'un petit nombre de rondins contenant des scolytes immatures.
    Notes: Abstract Parasitization ofIps grandicollis Eichhoff byRoptrocerus xylophagorum (Ratzeburg), and intra-specific competition withinIps broods, were studied under laboratory conditions. Largest numbers of immatureR. xylophagorum were found in logs sampled when about half theIps brood were callow adults. Rates of parasitization rarely exceeded 20 %, and were usually much lower. Numbers of parasitoids were not affected by bark thickness. In the absence of parasitism,Ips broods suffered a density-dependent mortality which increased greatly in intensity and continued to act later in development of the broods when initial densities of larvae exceeded a threshold of about 400 per 1 000 cm2 of bark. The possible significance of this mortality is discussed in relation to the ability of parasitoids to reduceIps numbers. A field experiment was done to investigate the ability ofR. xylophagorum to establish in a new habitat. Populations were established for 1 or more generations by releasing 50 females at sites prepared by supplying small numbers of logs containing immatureIps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372368
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Far-field techniques for the characterization of single-mode fibres (1986)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 18 (1986), S. 5-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The characterization of single-mode fibres is important not only for determining the system parameters for a particular fibre, but also for the specification of fibres for manufacturing purposes. We present a detailed analysis of two new methods of characterizing single-mode fibres. The ‘strip integrated far-field method’ involves measuring the light power passed by a thin slit scanned across the far-field pattern and the ‘area integrated far-field method’ involves measuring the light power passed by a knife edge scanned across the far-field pattern. It is shown that, for either method, the measured data is related to the transverse offset transmission coefficient by the Fourier-cosine transform and hence that the far-field r.m.s. spot-size can be directly calculated. Noise analysis shows that the area integrated far-field method is superior to the strip integrated far-field method and similar to the ‘far-field mask method’ when a broadband light source is used to measure the far-field r.m.s. spot-size. It is also shown that the area integrated far-field method has smaller systematic errors than the far-field mask method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02069355
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biology and temperature relationships of Chrysopa sp., Micromus tasmaniae and Nabis capsiformis (1979)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 25 (1979), S. 253-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'examen a porté sur l'influence de différentes températures constantes sur le développement et la biologie imaginale de trois espèces prédatrices (Chrysopa sp., peut-être C. signata, Micromus tasmaniae et Nabis capsiformis) récoltées dans des champs de coton du sud-est du Queensland en Australie. C. sp. et N. capsiformis ont besoin respectivement de 335° au dessus d'un seuil de 10.5° et de 325° au dessus d'un seuil de 11.3°, pour se développer de l'oeuf à l'adulte. Les larves de M. tasmaniae pouvant effectuer la totalité de leur dévelopment a 5°.-A 23° les longévités des femelles adultes et les taux de ponte de C. sp. et N. capsiformis sout en moyenne de 52 j. (maximum 83) et 30 j. (maximum 43) d'une part et 18.1 et 10.4 œufs par jour d'autre part. Le taux de ponte de M. tasmaniae est de 19,1 œufs par jour pendant 5 semaines à 23°. La longévité réduite et le taux de ponte accru aux températures supérieures sont interprétés en basant la biologie imaginale sur le temps physiologique au dessus des seuils de développement. Les taux d'accroissement intrinsèque (rm) sont plus élevés aux températures élevées, principalement à la suite du taux de développement accru. M. tasmaniae possède le rm le plus élevé à toutes les températures par suite d'un développement rapide et de seuils thermiques bas, d'une brève période précédant la ponte et d'une date de ponte maximum précoce. Le rm de C. sp. est plus élevé que celui de N. capsiformis à la suite de son taux de ponte plus élevé. Les valeurs de rm fixées à partir du temps physiologique sont respectivement: 9,820, 6.868 et 8,366 œufs femelles/103 d° au dessus des seuils de 10,5°, -2,9° et 11,3° pour C. sp., M. tasmaniae et N. capsiformis.
    Notes: Abstract Immature Chrysopa sp. and Nabis capsiformis required 335 and 325 d°, respectively, for development from egg to adult, while larvae of Micromus tasmaniae were able to complete development at 5°. Mean adult female longevity and oviposition rate at 23° were 52 d (max. 83 d) and 18.1 eggs/d, and 30 d (max. 43 d) and 10.4 eggs/d for C. sp. and N. capsiformis respectively, and oviposition rate of M. tasmaniae averaged 19.1 eggs/d during 5 weeks. Reduced longevity and increased oviposition rate at higher temperatures were accounted for by basing adult biology on physiological time above the immature developmental thresholds. Intrinsic rates of increase were thus calculated as 9.820, 6.868, and 8.366 ♀ eggs/103 d° above thresholds of 10.5°, -2.9°, and 11.3° for C. sp., M. tasmaniae, and N. capsiformis, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302786
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  • 9
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    Deuterium dissociation on ordered Sn/Pt(111) surface alloys (1998)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-08-22
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
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    Genes, Vol. 10, Pages 434: The Diversity, Multiplicity of Infection and Population Structure of P. falciparum Parasites Circulating in Asymptomatic Carriers Living in High and Low Malaria Transmission Settings of Ghana (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Genes
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Background: Diversity in Plasmodium falciparum poses a major threat to malaria control and elimination interventions. This study utilized 12 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) markers and the Msp2 marker to examine diversity, multiplicity of infection (MOI) as well as the population structure of parasites circulating in two sites separated by about 92 km and with varying malaria transmission intensities within the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Methods: The diversity and MOI of P. falciparum parasites in 160 non-symptomatic volunteers living in Obom (high malaria transmission intensity) and Asutsuare (low malaria transmission intensity) aged between 8 and 60 years was determined using Msp2 genotyping and microsatellite analysis. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum carriers as well as the parasite density of infections was significantly higher in Obom than in Asutsuare. Samples from Asutsuare and Obom were 100% and 65% clonal, respectively, by Msp2 genotyping but decreased to 50% and 5%, respectively, when determined by MS analysis. The genetic composition of parasites from Obom and Asutsuare were highly distinct, with parasites from Obom being more diverse than those from Asutsuare. Conclusion: Plasmodium falciparum parasites circulating in Obom are genetically more diverse and distinct from those circulating in Asutsuare. The MOI in samples from both Obom and Asutsuare increased when assessed by MS analysis relative to MSP2 genotyping. The TA40 and TA87 loci are useful markers for estimating MOI in high and low parasite prevalence settings.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4425
    Topics: Biology
    Published by MDPI
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