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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: Coupling between two microcavity plasmas in a symmetric, microfabricated dielectric barrier structure has been observed by injecting charge from one of the plasmas into an intervening microchannel. Periodic modulation of the electric field strength in the injector (or electron “donor”) cavity has the effect of deforming the acceptor microplasma which exhibits two distinct and stable spatiotemporal modes. Throughout the time interval in which the two microplasmas are coupled electrostatically, the acceptor plasma is elongated and displaced by 75–100  μ m (∼30% of its diameter) in the direction of the microchannel. The depletion of charge in the microchannel results in an immediate transition of the second (acceptor) microplasma to an equilibrium state in which the plasma is azimuthally symmetric and centered within its microcavity. Switching between these two spatial modes requires a shift (in the plasma centroid) of ∼80  μ m in
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
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    In:  Computing in Science & Engineering, Edmonton, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 106, no. May/June, pp. 22-33, pp. B10410, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; ConvolutionE ; Modelling ; GeodesyY
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  • 3
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    In:  Geophys. J. Int., Taipei, AGU, vol. 142, no. 3, pp. 855-875, pp. B06304, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Rheology ; Inelastic ; isostasy ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; GJI
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  • 4
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    In:  Geophys. Res. Lett., Kunming, China, 3-4, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 1891-1894, pp. B05301, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1992
    Keywords: ConvolutionE ; Subduction zone ; Geodesy ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Inelastic ; Low frequency ... ; High frequency ... ; GRL
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: The distribution and abundance of food resources are among the most important factors that influence animal behavioral strategies. Yet, spatial variation in feeding habitat quality is often difficult to assess with traditional methods that rely on extrapolation from plot survey data or remote sensing. Here, we show that maximum entropy species distribution modeling can be used to successfully predict small-scale variation in the distribution of 24 important plant food species for chimpanzees at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. We combined model predictions with behavioral observations to quantify feeding habitat quality as the cumulative dietary proportion of the species predicted to occur in a given location. This measure exhibited considerable spatial heterogeneity with elevation and latitude, both within and across main habitat types. We used model results to assess individual variation in habitat selection among adult chimpanzees during a 10-year period, testing predictions about trade-offs between foraging and reproductive effort. We found that nonswollen females selected the highest-quality habitats compared with swollen females or males, in line with predictions based on their energetic needs. Swollen females appeared to compromise feeding in favor of mating opportunities, suggesting that females rather than males change their ranging patterns in search of mates. Males generally occupied feeding habitats of lower quality, which may exacerbate energetic challenges of aggression and territory defense. Finally, we documented an increase in feeding habitat quality with community residence time in both sexes during the dry season, suggesting an influence of familiarity on foraging decisions in a highly heterogeneous landscape.
    Print ISSN: 1045-2249
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-7279
    Topics: Biology
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-06-16
    Description: Motivation : Understanding the occurrence and regulation of alternative splicing (AS) is a key task towards explaining the regulatory processes that shape the complex transcriptomes of higher eukaryotes. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing of RNA (RNA-Seq), the diversity of AS transcripts could be measured at an unprecedented depth. Although the catalog of known AS events has grown ever since, novel transcripts are commonly observed when working with less well annotated organisms, in the context of disease, or within large populations. Whereas an identification of complete transcripts is technically challenging and computationally expensive, focusing on single splicing events as a proxy for transcriptome characteristics is fruitful and sufficient for a wide range of analyses. Results : We present SplAdder, an alternative splicing toolbox, that takes RNA-Seq alignments and an annotation file as input to (i) augment the annotation based on RNA-Seq evidence, (ii) identify alternative splicing events present in the augmented annotation graph, (iii) quantify and confirm these events based on the RNA-Seq data and (iv) test for significant quantitative differences between samples. Thereby, our main focus lies on performance, accuracy and usability. Availability: Source code and documentation are available for download at http://github.com/ratschlab/spladder . Example data, introductory information and a small tutorial are accessible via http://bioweb.me/spladder . Contacts : andre.kahles@ratschlab.org or gunnar.ratsch@ratschlab.org Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2015-06-22
    Description: Much like other indigenous domesticated animals, Tibetan chickens living at high altitudes (2,200–4,100 m) show specific physiological adaptations to the extreme environmental conditions of the Tibetan Plateau, but the genetic bases of these adaptations are not well characterized. Here, we assembled a de novo genome of a Tibetan chicken and resequenced whole genomes of 32 additional chickens, including Tibetan chickens, village chickens, game fowl, and Red Junglefowl, and found that the Tibetan chickens could broadly be placed into two groups. Further analyses revealed that several candidate genes in the calcium-signaling pathway are possibly involved in adaptation to the hypoxia experienced by these chickens, as these genes appear to have experienced directional selection in the two Tibetan chicken populations, suggesting a potential genetic mechanism underlying high altitude adaptation in Tibetan chickens. The candidate selected genes identified in this study, and their variants, may be useful targets for clarifying our understanding of the domestication of chickens in Tibet, and might be useful in current breeding efforts to develop improved breeds for the highlands.
    Print ISSN: 0737-4038
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-1719
    Topics: Biology
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-01-20
    Description: For a Veech surface, we give a characterization of, and an algorithm for computing, the largest possible area of ellipses symmetric with respect to the origin and disjoint from the set of holonomy vectors.
    Print ISSN: 0024-6107
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7750
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-01-23
    Description: Cladocerans of the Daphnia longispina complex are often the key components of pelagic food webs in northern temperate lakes and ponds. In the present study, we aimed to fill the gap in knowledge on the biogeography and diversity of this species complex, through analysis (by sequencing two mitochondrial genes) of the taxonomic structure of 18 lake populations across China, covering a large geographical and ecological range. Based on the patterns observed in the Western Palaearctic and Japan, we hypothesized that several species of the D. longispina complex should coexist and that some cryptic lineages are present in China. In the lakes studied, however, we detected haplotypes of only two species ( D. galeata and D. dentifera ). Daphnia galeata was detected in eutrophic lakes at lower altitudes (in central and eastern China), whereas D. dentifera was found in high-altitude oligotrophic lakes of the Tibetan Plateau in western China. The two lineages coexisted in only one of the lakes studied, in Tibet. The variation in mitochondrial DNA differed between the two species. Daphnia dentifera haplotypes were lake specific, while D. galeata haplotypes were often shared across lakes and geographic regions, indicating a recent rapid expansion of the latter species.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-10-10
    Description: Current understanding of amyloid-β (Aβ) metabolism and toxicity provides an extensive list of potential targets for developing drugs for treating Alzheimer’s disease. We took two independent approaches, including synaptic-plasticity–based analysis and behavioral screening of synthetic compounds, for identifying single compounds that are capable of rescuing the Aβ-induced memory loss in...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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