Publication Date:
2013-10-19
Description:
The chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, causes chytridiomycosis and is a major contributor to global amphibian declines. Although amphibians have robust immune defenses, clearance of this pathogen is impaired. Because inhibition of host immunity is a common survival strategy of pathogenic fungi, we hypothesized that B. dendrobatidis evades clearance by inhibiting immune functions. We found that B. dendrobatidis cells and supernatants impaired lymphocyte proliferation and induced apoptosis; however, fungal recognition and phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils was not impaired. Fungal inhibitory factors were resistant to heat, acid, and protease. Their production was absent in zoospores and reduced by nikkomycin Z, suggesting that they may be components of the cell wall. Evasion of host immunity may explain why this pathogen has devastated amphibian populations worldwide.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3956111/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3956111/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fites, J Scott -- Ramsey, Jeremy P -- Holden, Whitney M -- Collier, Sarah P -- Sutherland, Danica M -- Reinert, Laura K -- Gayek, A Sophia -- Dermody, Terence S -- Aune, Thomas M -- Oswald-Richter, Kyra -- Rollins-Smith, Louise A -- 1K01HL103179-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- AI007281/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI038296/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI044924/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- K01 HL103179/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI038296/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI038296/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R56 AI044924/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Oct 18;342(6156):366-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1243316.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24136969" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Aminoglycosides/pharmacology
;
Amphibians/*immunology/*microbiology
;
Animals
;
Apoptosis/immunology
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Chytridiomycota/*pathogenicity
;
Host-Pathogen Interactions/*immunology
;
Lymphocytes/drug effects/*immunology/*microbiology
;
Mycoses/immunology/*veterinary
;
Spores, Fungal/pathogenicity
;
Xenopus laevis
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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