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  • 1
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Oxydation der Thioharnstoffe 2 und 3 entstehen über Thioharnstoff-S.S-dioxide 5 die Formamidine 1.  -  Die Thioharnstoffe 3 werden mit Peressigsäure zu den Sulfonaten („S.S.S-Trioxiden“) 7 oxydiert, in denen die Rotation um die C1-N2-Bindung behindert ist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Lysoglycolipids, glyceryl ethers ; Stereoselective synthesis ; Koenigs-Knorr reaction ; Glyceryl ethers ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1-O-Alkyl-3-O-benzyl-sn-glycerols and 1-O-Alkyl-2-O-methyl-3-O-β-D-glycosyl-sn-glycerolsStarting with D-mannitol, the yield of the synthesis of 3-O-benzyl-sn-glycerol (1) could be improved. The regioselective alkylation of 1 at the primary hydroxy group to the 1-O-alkyl-3-O-benzyl-sn-glycerols 3 was achieved by using the dibutylstannylene protecting group. The 1-O-alkyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerols 4, readily obtainable from 3, were successfully glycosylated under the conditions of the Koenigs-Knorr reaction to give 1-O-alkyl-2-O-methyl-3-O-β-D-glycosyl-sn-glycerols.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1992 (1992), S. 47-50 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Lysoglycolipids ; glyceryl ethers ; Glycerol, 2-O-benzyl-1-O-hexadecyl ; Carbohydrates ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-O-Benzyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerolDue to the versatility of 2-O-benzyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerol (7) as building block for various alkyl ether lipids and alkyl ether lyso-lipids, 7 was prepared from D-mannit following two different strategies. The final product 7 was obtained either via the intermediate 1,2-O-isopropylidene-sn-glycerol (1) or via 3,4-O-isopropylidene-D-mannit (8) in an overall yield of 6% or 11%, respectively.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1974 (1974), S. 243-252 
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Oxidation Products of Carbothioamides, XXIX1). - Configuration of Alkyl- and Aryl-Substituted Thiourea S-TrioxidesMonoalkyl-, monoaryl-, and dialkyl-substituted thioureas are easily oxidized to thiourea S-trioxides. Like 1,3-di-tert.-butylthiourea, tribenzylthiourea gives formamidinium alkyl-sulfates on oxidation in different solvents, the nature of the alkyl group being determined by the solvent used. - The 1H-NMR parameters of the thiourea S-trioxides are recorded as functions of the substituents, and proton exchange, hindered internal rotation about the C2-N-bonds, and the configuration are discussed and compared with those in thioureas.
    Notes: Monoalkyl-, monoaryl- und dialkyl-substituierte Thioharnstoffe lassen sich glatt zu den Thioharnstoff-S-trioxiden oxidieren. Tribenzylthioharnstoff liefert bei der Oxidation in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln ebenso wie 1,3-Di-tert.-butylthioharnstoff Formamidinium-alkyl-sulfate, wobei die Art des Alkylrestes durch das Lösungsmittel bestimmt wird. - 1H-NMR-spektroskopisch werden bei den Thioharnstoff-S-trioxiden Protonenaustauscheffekte, behinderte Rotation um die C2-N-Bindungen und die Konfiguration in Abhängigkeit von den Substituenten untersucht und mit den Verhältnissen bei Thioharnstoffen verglichen.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Oxidation Products of Carbothioamides, XXVIII1). - Configuration and Hindered Internal Rotation of Aryl-alkyl-substituted Thiourea S-Trioxides (α-Amino-α-iminomethanesulfonic Acid Betaines)Several aryl-alkyl-substituted thiourea S-trioxides were prepared, either by direct oxidation of the corresponding thioureas with peroxyacetic acid or by methylation of thiourea S-trioxides with diazomethane. It was demonstrated by 1H-NMR spectroscopic comparision with the corresponding thioureas that the substituents in the thiourea S-trioxide system are predominately in the E configuration. This is attributed to the intramolecular hydrogen bonding with the sulfonate group which then becomes possible, and to the expansion of the thione sulfur in the thiourea system by three oxygen atoms to the thiourea S-trioxide system which gives rise to additional steric strain with alkyl- and aryl substituents and electrostatic repulsion with aryl substituents in the Z configuration. It was demonstrated that the S-trioxide 8c can exist in three rotational isomers. - The free enthalpies of activation of hindered internal rotation were calculated and compared with those for thioureas.
    Notes: Mehrere aryl-alkyl-substituierte Thioharnstoff-S-trioxide wurden entweder durch direkte Oxidation der entsprechend substituierten Thioharnstoffe mit Peroxyessigsäure oder durch Methylierung von Thioharnstoff-S-trioxiden mit Diazomethan dargestellt. Durch 1H-NMR-Messungen wurde gezeigt, daß beim Vergleich mit den entsprechend substituierten Thioharnstoffen die Substituenten im Thioharnstoff-S-trioxid-System bevorzugt die E-Stellung einnehmen. Dies ist zurückzuführen auf die dann mögliche Ausbildung einer intramolekularen Wasserstoffbrücke zur Sulfonatgruppe und darauf, daß die gegenüber dem Thionschwefel im Thioharnstoffsystem um drei Sauerstoffatome größere Gruppe im Thioharnstoff-S-trioxid-System eine zusätzliche sterische Behinderung mit Alkyl- und Arylsubstituenten und elektrostatische Abstoßung mit Arylsubstituenten in der Z-Konfiguration hervorruft. Für das S-Trioxid 8c konnten drei Rotationsisomere nachgewiesen werden. - Die freien Aktivierungsenthalpien der Rotation wurden bestimmt und mit den Werten für Thioharnstoffe verglichen.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 746 (1971), S. 54-64 
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Structure of Thioamides and their Derivatives, XIV1). The Configuration of 1,3-Disubstituted ThioureasIR- and NMR-measurements give evidence that 1,3-diaryl- and 1-aryl-3-alkyl-substituted thioureas exist in the (E.Z)-form, which is stabilized by an intramolecular hydrogen bond. The assignment of the higher NH-stretching frequency to the (Z)-standing group has to be reversed for these thioureas. - 1,3-Dialkyl-substituted thioureas exist in an equilibrium of (E.Z- and (Z.Z)-isomers.
    Notes: Durch IR- und NMR-Messungen wird gezeigt, daß 1.3-Diaryl- und 1-Aryl-3-alkyl-substituierte Thioharnstoffe in der durch eine intramolekulare Wasserstoff-Brücke stabilisierten (E.Z)-Form vorliegen. Die bereits getroffene Zuordnung der höherfrequenten NH-Valenzschwingung zur (Z)-ständigen Gruppierung muß für diese Thioharnstoffe revidiert werden. - 1.3-Dialkyl-substituierte Thioharnstoffe liegen in einem Gleichgewicht aus (E.Z)- und (Z.Z)-Isomeren vor.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Oxidation Products of Carbothioamides, XXX1). - Configuration and Hindered Internal Rotation in Aryl-trialkyl-substituted Thioureas, Thiourea S-Trioxides, and Formamidinium Salts; Separation of Geometric Isomers of Aryl-trialkyl-substituted Thiourea S-TrioxidesAryl-trialkyl-substituted thioureas 2 are oxidized to the corresponding formamidinium salts 3. - The thiourea S-trioxides 4, which show a high NH-acidity, are methylated with diazomethane to give the S-trioxides 5 and the ureas 7. The S-trioxides 5 decompose at their melting point with loss of So2, as on decomposition in the mass spectrometer. They prove to be sensitive to nucleophilic attack, during which they loose sulfite. - 1H-NMR spectroscopy shows that rotation about the C2-N1(alkyl-aryl) bond is hindered in the thiourea 2e and in the S-trioxides 5 whereas that about the C2-N1(dialkyl) bond is fast on the 1H-NMR time scale. The free enthalpies of activation of hindered rotation in several S-trioxides 5 are so high that the species could be separated into geometric isomers. Isomerization of the rotamers was followed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. - Unlike 2e and 5, the formamidinium salts 3 display hindered rotation about the C2-N3(dialkyl) bond. The differences in behaviour between 3 and 2e and 5 respectively are interpreted in terms of steric strain, which is of a different kind in the ground and transition states of rotations about the C2-N bonds. In the unsymmetrically substituted compounds 2e and 5 this steric strain leads to rotation of only the N3-dialkyl-amino group out of the plane of the molecule, whereas in the symmetrically substituted S-trioxide 10 the planes of the two N-atoms with their substituents are twisted equally against one another.
    Notes: Die aryl-trialkyl-substituierten Thioharnstoffe 2 wurden zu den Formamidiniumsalzen 3 oxidiert. - Die Methylierung der Thioharnstoff-S-trioxide 4, die eine hohe NH-Acidität aufweisen, mit Diazomethan liefert die aryl-trialkyl-substituierten Thioharnstoff-S-trioxide 5 und die Harnstoffe 7. Die S-Trioxide 5 zersetzen sich am Schmelzpunkt unter Abspaltung von SO2 ebenso wie beim Zerfall im Massenspektrometer. Sie sind empfindlich gegen einen nucleophilen Angriff, der den Austritt von Sulfit bewirkt. - Die 1H-NMR-Spektren ergeben für 2e und 5 behinderte Rotation um die C2-N1(Aryl-alkyl)-Bindung bei im Sinne der 1H-NMR-Zeitskala häufiger Rotation um die C2-N3(Dialkyl)-Bindung. Die freien Aktivierungsenthalpien der Rotation sind in einigen S-Trioxiden 5 so hoch, daß diese in geometrische Isomere aufgetrennt werden können und deren Isomerisierung 1H-NMR-spektroskopisch verfolgt werden kann. - Bei den Formamidiniumsalzen 3 ist (im Gegensatz zu 2e und 5) die Rotation um die C2-N3(Dialkyl)-Bindung behindert. Die Unterschiede im Verhalten von 3 gegenüber 2 oder 5 werden durch die verschiedenartige sterische Behinderung in den Grund- oder Übergangszuständen der Rotationen um die C2-N-Bindungen erklärt. Diese sterische Behinderung hat zur Folge, daß in den unsymmetrisch substituierten Verbindungen 2e und 5 nur die N3-Dialkylaminogruppe aus der Molekülebene herausgedreht ist, während in der symmetrisch substituierten Verbindung 10 die Ebenen beider N-Atome mit ihren Substituenten gleichmäßig gegeneinander verdrillt sind.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 1976-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-4888
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by De Gruyter
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