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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 41 (1988), S. 237-255 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Entlang des magnetischen Inklinations-Äquators fließt auf der Tagseite der Erde in der Ionosphäre ein riesiges Stromsystem, der sogenannte “Äquatoriale Elektroje”. Es erzeugt an der Erdoberfläche starke zeitliche Veränderungen des erdmagnetischen Feldes, die seemagnetische Vermessungen erheblich beeinträchtigen. Die Lage des Stromsystems ist auch bei wechselnden Stromstärken bemerkenswert konstant. Für seemagnetische Messungen im Südchinesischen Meer wurde die Breitenabhängigkeit der Variationen unter Benutzung eines geeigneten Funktionsansatzes aus den Daten selbst bestimmt. Durch eine Filterung wurde berücksichtigt, daß langsam veränderliche Anteile weniger stark breitenabhängig sind. Dadurch gelang es, die Variationen unter Benutzung einer einzigen Registrierstation in Entfernungen bis 500 km auf nur 15% zu reduzieren. An Hand des umfangreichen Meßdatensatzes zweier Forschungsfahrten in das Gebiet der Dangerous Grounds im Südchinesischen Meer wird gezeigt, welche geowissenschaftlichen Aussagen über den Aufbau der Erdkruste nach der Verbesserung möglich werden.
    Abstract: Résumé Du “côté jour” de la terre, un flux plasmatique puissant appelé “électrojet équatorial” s'écoule le long de l'équateur magnétique (champ total et composante horizontale identiques) dans l'ionosphère, principalement en direction de l'Est. Ce flux engendre à la surface du globe de fortes variations du champ géomagnétique, qui ont pour effet de perturber sévèrement les mesures de magnétisme à la mer. La position de ce courant est d'une constance remarquable, et indépendante de ses variations d'intensité. Pour les mesures de magnétisme effectuées dans les mers de Chine Sud et de Sulu, les variations en fonction de la latitude ont été déterminées à partir des données elles-mêmes, au moyen de relations fonctionelles appropriées. L'emploi d'un filtre digital a permis de tenir compte du fait que les éléments variables lentement sont moins dépendants de la latitude. C'est ainsi qu'avec une station d'enregistrement, il a été possible de réduire les variations à 15% seulement de leur valeur originale jusqu'à des distances de 500 km. En s'appuyant sur la collection très complète de données recueillies au cours de deux campagnes de recherche effectuées dans la zone des Hauts-fonds dangereux, au Sud de la mer de Chine, on montre les hypothèses qu'il est possible de formuler quant à la structure de la croûte, à partir des données corrigées.
    Notes: Summary On the dayside of the Earth, a huge current system, the so-called “equatorial electrojet”, flows along the magnetic dip equator in the ionosphere, mainly in easterly direction. At the surface of the Earth it generates strong variations of the geomagnetic field which severely impair marine geomagnetic measurements. Independent of its changing intensity, the position of the current system is remarkably constant. For marine geomagnetic measurements in the South China Sea and the Sulu Sea the latitude dependence of the variations was determined from the data themselves, using an appropriate functional relation. By a digital filter it was taken into consideration that the slowly changing parts are less latitude-dependent. Thus, with one recording station, it was possible to reduce the variations to only 15% of their original size for distances up to 500 km. Using the comprehensive data set of two research cruises into the Dangerous Grounds area of the South China Sea, it is shown which statements on the structure of the crust are possible with the corrected data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2002-01-01
    Description: Petrographic and geochemical data for new basalt and peridotite samples recovered from sampling sites at the Southern Murray Ridge help to constrain models for the evolution of the Owen-Murray Ridge system, which forms the northwestern boundary of the Indian plate. Trace elements immobile during alteration (Ti, Zr, Nb, Y and rare earth elements) suggest that the altered microphyric metabasalt has affinities to magmatism of active margins (island-arc tholeiite sensu lato). It is distinctly different from mid-ocean ridge basalt, back-arc-basin basalt, or intra-plate Deccan Trap basalt. The sampled serpentinized harzburgite or clinopyroxene-poor lherzolite was deformed under mantle conditions and is similar to the mantle section of nearby ophiolite sequences. This association of rocks suggests that an ophiolite melange was sampled. However, results from sampling station 462 NIOP indicate that the Murray Ridge complex also contains igneous rocks with Deccan Trap affinity. For the emplacement of the island-arc tholeiite we assume an origin in a convergent supra-subduction setting, related to the closing of a Late Cretaceous Neo-Tethyan ocean basin between the Arabian and Indian plates to the south and the Eurasian plate to the north. Since Neogene time, the Murray Ridge-Dalrymple Trough has been underlain by attenuated (?)continental crust and characterized by extensional rift tectonics.
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    Publication Date: 1988-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0012-0308
    Electronic ISSN: 1616-7228
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-19
    Keywords: Comment; Date/Time of event; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; Dredge, chain bag; DRG_C; Elevation of event; Event label; Identification; Indian Ocean; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Position; Quantity of deposit; Sediment type; Size; Substrate type; VA-16/1A-B; VA-16-13KD; VA-16-2KD; VA-16-3KD; VA-16-4KD; VA-16-7KD; Valdivia (1961)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 48 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-01-19
    Keywords: Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS); Cobalt; Copper; Date/Time of event; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dredge, chain bag; DRG_C; Elevation of event; Event label; Identification; Indian Ocean; Iron; Laboratory; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Manganese; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Sample ID; VA-16/1A-B; VA-16-13KD; VA-16-3KD; VA-16-4KD; Valdivia (1961)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 80 data points
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Hinz, Karl; Beiersdorf, Helmut; Exon, Neville F; Roeser, Hans-Albert; Stagg, Howard M J; von Stackelberg, Ulrich (1978): Geoscientific investigations from the Scott Plateau off northwest Australia to the Java Trench. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, 3(4), 319-340, https://pid.geoscience.gov.au/dataset/ga/80974
    Publication Date: 2024-01-19
    Description: The plateau is a foundered continental block, and lies at an average depth of 2000-3000 m. On the plateau the dominant fault direction is NW to WNW, an ancient strike direction on the Australian continent. The western margin probably formed as a series of NE-trending rifts and NW-trending transforms during Late Jurassic breakup. Canyons cut the western margin, and some of these appear to be fault-bounded. One such fault forms the northern margin of a major NW-trending feature, the Wilson Spur. This appears to be a transform fault and perhaps extends across the abyssal plain as far as the eastern end of the Java Trench. Seismic profiles suggest that, at the trench, it separates thrust-faulted continental crust to the east from oceanic crust to the west. This could explain the eastern termintion of the deep part of the trench. The bathymetric depression of the Roti Basin, which lies southeast of the Java Trench, links the trench to the Timor Trough. The Argo Abyssal Plain slopes gently southward, with water depths ranging from 5000 m near the Java Trench to 5730 m in the south. Oceanic basement varies from smooth to hummocky and irregular, and is overlain by about 4000 m of acoustically semi-transparent Late Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments, that is in turn unconformably overlain by 200 m of layered Tertiary sediment. Bottom samples from the outer Scott Plateau show that Callovian breakup was preceded by a period of basic volcanism and shallow marine sedimentation, that restricted shallow marine conditions followed in the Late Jurassic, and that bathyal carbonate sedimenation prevailed by the Late Cretaceous (Campanian). Quaternary marls cored on the northern Scott Plateau straddled the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary, and siliceous oozes cored on the southern slope of the Java Trench contain nannofossils which, below a few decimetres, are older than late Pleistocene. The Java Trench cores indicate that the calcite compensation depth was apparently between 5420 and 5700 m in the early or midel Pleistocene, and is above 4950 m now. The Scott Plateau cores indicate that the present calcite compensation depth in the region lies below 3290 m. On the Scott Plateau Holocene sedimentation rates are about 5 cm/1000 years, but in the Java Trench they are much lower. Manganese oxide crusts and nodules were recovered from the Scott Plateau, but their content of valuable metals was low.
    Keywords: NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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