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  • 1
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    Equivalent medium parameters for numerical modeling in media with near-surface low velocities (2002)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Münster, Amer. Sc., vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 711-722, pp. 1228, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
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    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Seismology ; Velocity depth profile ; Wave propagation ; Modelling ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Fault systems of the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 Northridge earthquakes, southern California: Relocated aftershocks and seismic images from LARSE II (2003)
    In:  Geology, Karlsruhe, Nuclear Technology Publ., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 171-174, pp. L21601, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Fault zone ; Location ; Aftershocks ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust)
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Real-time earthquake location using Kirchhoff reconstruction (2005)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Washington D.C., Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 699-707, pp. L09611
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    Publication Date: 2005
    Keywords: Seismology ; Real time earthquake monitoring ; Location ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Flat Slab Deformation Caused by Interplate Suction Force (2015)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: We image the structure at the southern end of the Peruvian flat subduction zone, using receiver function and surface wave methods. The Nazca slab subducts to ~100 km depth, then remains flat for ~300 km distance before it resumes the dipping subduction. The flat slab closely follows the topography of the continental Moho above, indicating a strong suction force between the slab and the over-riding plate. A high velocity mantle wedge exists above the initial half of the flat slab, and the velocity resumes to normal values before the slab steepens again, indicating the resumption of dehydration and ecologitization. Two prominent mid-crust structures are revealed in the 70 km thick crust under the Central Andes: molten rocks beneath the Western Cordillera, and the underthrusting Brazilian Shield beneath the Eastern Cordillera.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    Analysis of teleseismic p-waves with a 5200-station array in long beach, california: evidence for an abrupt boundary to inner borderland rifting (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-24
    Description: [1]  We analyze teleseismic P-waves from four Mw ≥ 6.5 earthquakes recorded by a petroleum industry survey in Long Beach, California. The survey used a 2-D array with up to 5200 seismometers, 120 m mean spacing, and 7 – 10 km aperture. At frequencies near 1 Hz P-wave travel-times and amplitudes exhibit coherent lateral variations over scales as short as ~400 m, including locally delayed travel-times and increased amplitudes at the crest of the Long Beach anticline. Deeper heterogeneity is indicated by P-wave phase velocities that deviate from reference model predictions for events from southwestern azimuths. We postulate that a sharp northeastward increase in Moho depth from the Inner Borderland (IB) to mainland southern California causes the anomalous phase velocities. Elastic forward modeling finds the travel-times are fit well by a Moho that dips 65° to the northeast and flattens ~10 km southwest of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone. Constraining the felsic thickness of mainland crust to 28 km requires an 8 km thick layer with a P-velocity of 7 km/s beneath it, which could result from basal accretion of former Farallon ocean crust or magmatic underplating during Miocene volcanism. Forward models with a 65° Moho dip predict a P-to-s conversion with a phase velocity of ~5 km/s. Deconvolution of the array's mean P-wave signal isolates a similar later arriving phase. The steep crust thickness transition supports a locally abrupt boundary to IB rifting. Our results highlight the utility of dense short-period arrays for passive imaging at near surface to uppermost mantle depths.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
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    Structure of the subduction system in southern Peru from seismic array data (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-03
    Description: [1]  The subduction zone in southern Peru is imaged using converted phases from teleseismic P , PP , and PKP waves and P wave tomography using local and teleseismic events with a linear array of 50 broadband seismic stations spanning 300 km from the coast to near Lake Titicaca. The slab dips at 30° and can be observed to a depth of over 200 km. The Moho is seen as a continuous interface along the profile, and the crustal thickness in the back-arc region (the Altiplano) is 75 km thick, which is sufficient to isostatically support the Andes, as evidenced by the gravity. The shallow crust has zones of negative impedance at a depth of 20 km, which is likely the result of volcanism. At the midcrustal level of 40 km, there is a continuous structure with a positive impedance contrast, which we interpret as the western extent of the Brazilian Craton as it underthrusts to the west. V p / V s ratios estimated from receiver function stacks show average values for this region with a few areas of elevated V p / V s near the volcanic arc and at a few points in the Altiplano. The results support a model of crustal thickening in which the margin crust is underthrust by the Brazilian Shield.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 7
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    Seismic structure in central Mexico: Implications for fragmentation of the subducted Cocos plate (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-09-29
    Description: The fine-scale seismic structure of the central Mexico subduction zone is studied using moderate-sized (M4-6) intraslab earthquakes. Regional waveforms from the Mapping the Rivera Subduction Zone (MARS) seismic array are complicated and contain detailed information about the subduction zone structure, including evidence of lateral heterogeneity. This waveform information is used to model the structure of the subducted plates, particularly along the transition from flat to normal subduction, where recent studies have shown evidence for possible slab tearing along the eastern projection of the Orozco Fracture Zone (OFZ). The lateral extent of a thin ultra-slow velocity layer (USL) imaged atop the Cocos slab in recent studies along the Meso America Subduction Experiment array is examined here using MARS waveforms. We find an edge to this USL which is coincident with the western boundary of the projected OFZ region. Forward modeling of the 2D structure of the subducted Rivera and Cocos plates using a finite difference algorithm provides constraints on the velocity and geometry of each slab's seismic structure in this region and confirms the location of the USL edge. We propose that the Cocos slab is currently fragmenting into a North Cocos plate and a South Cocos plate along the projection of the OFZ, in agreement with observations of variable Cocos plate motion on either side of the OFZ. This tearing event may be a young analogy to the 10 Ma Rivera-Cocos plate boundary, and may be related to the slab rollback in central Mexico.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    Structure of central and southern Mexico from velocity and attenuation tomography (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-09-05
    Description: The 3D Vp, Vp/Vs, P- and S-wave attenuation structure of the Cocos subduction zone in Mexico is imaged using earthquakes recorded by two temporary seismic arrays and local stations. Direct P wave arrivals on vertical components and direct S wave arrivals on transverse components from local earthquakes are used for velocity imaging. Relative delay times for P and PKP phases from teleseismic events are also used to obtain a deeper velocity structure beneath the southern seismic array. Using a spectral-decay method, we calculate a path attenuation operator t* for each P and S waveform from local events, and then invert for 3D spatial variations in attenuation (Qp−1 and Qs−1). Inversion results reveal a low-attenuation and high-velocity Cocos slab. The slab dip angle increases from almost flat in central Mexico near Mexico City to about 30° in southern Mexico near the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. High attenuation and low velocity in the crust beneath the Trans-Mexico Volcanic Belt correlate with low resistivity, and are probably related to dehydration of the slab and melting processes. The most pronounced high-attenuation, low-Vp and high-Vp/Vs anomaly is found in the crust beneath the Veracruz Basin. A high-velocity structure dipping into the mantle from the side of Gulf of Mexico coincides with a discontinuity from a receiver functions study, and provides an evidence for the collision between the Yucatán Block and Mexico in the Miocene.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    Seismic imaging of the Cocos plate subduction zone system in central Mexico (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-07-07
    Description: Broadband data from the Meso-America Subduction Experiment (MASE) line in central Mexico were used to image the subducted Cocos plate and the overriding continental lithosphere beneath central Mexico using a generalized radon transform based migration. Our images provide insight into the process of subducting relatively young oceanic lithosphere and its complex geometry beneath continental North America. The converted and reverberated phase image shows complete horizontal tectonic underplating of the Cocos oceanic lithosphere beneath the North American continental lithosphere, with a clear image of a very thin low-velocity oceanic crust (7–8 km) which dips at 15–20 degrees at Acapulco then flattens approximately 300 km from the Middle America Trench. Farther inland the slab then appears to abruptly change from nearly horizontal to a steeply dipping geometry of approximately 75 degrees underneath the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). Where the slab bends underneath the TMVB, the migrated image depicts the transition from subducted oceanic Moho to continental Moho at ∼230 km from the coast, neither of which were clearly resolved in previous seismic images. The deeper seismic structure beneath the TMVB shows a prominent negative discontinuity (fast-to-slow) at ∼65–75 km within the upper mantle. This feature, which spans horizontally beneath the arc (∼100 km), may delineate the top of a layer of ponded partial melt.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 10
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    Evidence of a collision between the Yucatán Block and Mexico in the Miocene (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-09-16
    Description: SUMMARY We present the evidence for an anomalous southwest-dipping slab in southern Mexico. The main evidence comes from a clear receiver function image along a seismic line across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and is also supported by a previous global tomographic model. The slab dips at 35°, is approximately 250 km in length and appears to truncate the Cocos slab at about 120 km depth. We hypothesize that the slab was created by subduction of oceanic lithosphere prior to the collision of the Yucatán Block with Mexico at approximately 12 Ma. This scenario would explain the Chiapas Fold and Thrust Belt as the product of this collision, and its age constrains the date of the event to be in the Miocene.
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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