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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat treatment of maraging steel 00N18K9M5T (1968)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 10 (1968), S. 431-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Grain refining of overheated steel 00N18K9M5T requires triple water-quench or air-quench from 900–950°C (holding 1h) before quenching from 820°C. 2. For the same strength, the ductility of the unaged steel is somewhat higher than that of the overaged steel. 3. The strength of “light” melts can be increased substantially by increasing the aging time to 16 h at 450°C without lowering the plasticity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663710
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aging of chromium-nickel austenitic-ferritic steels alloyed with molybdenum, copper, and titanium (1968)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 10 (1968), S. 486-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663730
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of heat treatment conditions on the properties of steel 000Kh11N10M2T (1973)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 15 (1973), S. 1029-1032 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00651739
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some rules for phase transformations in 000N18K9M5T steel (1972)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 14 (1972), S. 150-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. At the normally used rates of heating the α»γ transformation occurs in the aged martensitic matrix, which together with phase work hardening from the α»γ transformation causes the formation of austenite with an increased hardness. With an increase in the austenitizing temperature the strength of the austenite drops, approaching the strength of the austenite in unaged steels. 2. The formation of a large quantity of austenite, up to 30%, after short heating in the α»γ transformation does not reduce the strength of N18K9M5T steel. The loss of strength with long holds in the α »γ region may be explained by overaging of the α-matrix. It is also possible that there is a loss of strength in the austenite. 3. If in the α»γ transformation the steel does not lose strength, the presence in the structure of a large quantity of austenite does not increase the impact strength. 4. The form of the austenite particles and their distribution in the α-matrix is determined by the quantity of austenite and does not depend upon the temperature and holding time at which this quantity is obtained. 5. The increase in the strength of the austenite after heating to temperatures close to the Ac3 (720–820°C) is inherited by the martensite, preserved after low temperature aging up to 500°C, but disappears after high temperature aging above 530°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00655767
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat treatment of large forged and pressed bars of steel 00N18K9M5T (1971)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 13 (1971), S. 285-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions The main reasons for the low plasticity and ductility of maraging steel 00N18K9M5T in large sections are the coarse-grained structure resulting from heating for hot working and the precipitation of carbides or titanium carbonitrides in the form of a network in the grain boundaries. 2.To eliminate the carbide and titanium carbonitride precipitates in the form of networks and agglomerates and also to refine the grains it is necessary to use a special heat treatment to dissolve the carbonitride precipitates at 1200° and higher, with rapid cooling from this temperature (in water), followed by triple recrystallization at 900–970° with cooling in water (or oil or fused salts). Such heat treatment substantially increases the plasticity and ductility of the steel and also the resistance to repeated static loading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00661337
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A high-strength maraging steel (1993)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 35 (1993), S. 633-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusion Maraging steel 02N18K3M3T, which has essentially the same strength and reliability as commercial steel 02N18K9M5T, has been developed on the basis of laws revealed for the influence exerted by alloying elements, modifiers, and deoxidizers on the phase composition and production and mechanical properties of high-strength maraging steels, as well as a result of improvement of smelting, hot-deformation, and heat-treatment procedures. Use of steel 02N18K3M3T makes it possible to save scarce cobalt and molybdenum (∼60 and∼15 kg/ton, respectively) without lowering the set of high properties. This steel has good production plasticity adaptable to manufacture under hot deformation, is readily machined, is recommended for the fabrication of load-bearing aircraft components, as well as articles subject to repeated action, and is intended for operation in all climates at temperatures from −70 to +400°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00712285
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of superrapid crystallization on the structure and properties of maraging steels (1988)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 30 (1988), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusion Super rapid crystallization of melts for maraging steels has a considerable effect on the nature of their phase transformation, structures, and properties. Depending on solidification rate and subsequent cooling it is possible to form in steel 01N17K12M5T structures of the following types: 1) entirely martensitic; 2) entirely ferritic; 3) a mixture of martensitic and austenitic components. The maximum microhardness is achieved with formation in the test steel of a highly dispersed entirely martensitic structure. An increase in the microhardness of martensitic structure is governed mainly by the small width of martensitic platelets. Results of experimental data are in good agreement with the Hall-Petch relationship, which points to the decisive role of the interface in metal strengthening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00777545
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrosion-resistant austenitic-ferritic steel 0Kh20N6MD2T (1967)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 9 (1967), S. 470-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusion The commercially used corrosion-resistant steel 0Kh20N6MD2T can be hardened by aging, without distortion, to a yield point of at least 60kg/mm2 and ultimate strength of at least 80 kg/mm2 with reduction in section of at least 50%, specific elongation no less than 20%, and impact strength at least 6 kgm/cm2 in bar material. In cast material the elongation is at least 15% with the same strength characteristics. The steel has good welding and forming characteristics; it is used for manufacturing welded apparatus of complex shape made by deep drawing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00657599
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