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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FLOW METERS FOR WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 6 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Regulated water flow is an essential feature of modern civilization. Effective use of water resources by industrial, agricultural, and municipal processes, as well as domestic conveniences, require controlled flow systems. Closely related to this regulation is the requirement for flow measurement, the techniques of which have developed over many centuries. Because of the relatively long history of flow metering and the multitude of improvements and new developments, a complete coverage of the subject is beyond the scope of this paper. Greater emphasis is placed on describing new developments and less conventional methods that are most usable for water resource applications and research studies, and less emphasis on older, generally familiar devices. Because of the diverse requirements in water measurement, few devices can be regarded as having no possible application. The selection of the most usable devices is somewhat arbitrary. Thus, at least passing mention will be made of most known devices for all fluids, and the reader guided to reference material for more complete coverage of a particular device or system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1970.tb00487.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Portable and permanent flumes with adjustable throats (1997)
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 12 (1997), S. 23-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Keywords: flow measurement ; irrigation flow measurement ; adjustable-throated flume ; portable flumes ; adjustable weir ; canal flow measurement ; portable flow meter for small canals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The utility of developing vertically-adjustable flumes for canal flow measurement systems, is important to several problems in field practice. One involves the perception by some canal water users that flumes and weirs significantly and harmfully restrict flow. These perceptions, correct only sometimes, occur often enough to cause resistance to flow measurements and impedance to proper irrigation management. Parshall flumes and Cutthroat flumes require ponding depths upstream equal to about 40% of head reading while long-throated flumes and the related broad-crested weirs require only 10 to 15%. The actual head drop through all of these flumes is greater than hydraulically necessary for all but the maximum design discharge. The highly obvious excessive ponding is often misunderstood as a harmful restriction to flow. Also, the velocities at the low flows are reduced by this excessive ponding, which can aggravate sediment accumulation. The system described herein allows control of the ponding restriction from nearly zero to just enough restriction to gain measurement control of the flow at nearly all flow rates in the design range of a particular size. This reduces the amount of visible restriction. For a small structure size, with a control section less than 1 m wide and flowing under a head of less than about 25 to 30 cm, this restriction is about 10% to 15% of the head reading, or about 3 to 5 cm at maximum head. This maintains relatively high velocities in the approach channel for assisting sediment movement. The device is applicable to measuring flow rates in unlined and lined canals. The system described permits adjustment of the canal flow levels, reduces the perception of ponding, and minimizes the induced sediment problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005965232745
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical technologies for irrigation flow control and measurement (1997)
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 11 (1997), S. 241-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Keywords: Flow measurements in canals ; flumes ; depth sensing ; pressure transducers ; flume installation errors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Practical technologies can encourage farmers to adopt practices that support sustainable irrigated agriculture. Important among these are convenient water measurement and control techniques. Many simple constructions or operating procedures are available that can bring considerable convenience to farmers and irrigation delivery system operators. Some are new technologies and some are improvements on older technologies. Many can be implemented with small expense. Some are superior replacements for current practices. The techniques and devices discussed included: (a) accurate and convenient zero setting for weirs and flumes (b) pressure-transducer field checks, (c) easy-to-use scales for orifice and Venturi meters, (d) flow-profile improvers to assist accurate meter operations in irrigation pipelines, (e) floor sills and wave suppressors for canals that usually flow at variable depths of flow, (f) water surface slope measurements–based on static-pressure tubes, and (g) field checks of flow velocity profiles to evaluate flow conditioning using rising-bubble techniques for flow-profile visualization. Many of the concepts are demonstrated in a summary illustration showing several items in a typical stilling well and broad-crested weir (long-throated flume) that need attention, and offers suggestions for correcting the deficiencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005897812746
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Delivery system performance case study: Wellton-Mohawk irrigation and drainage district, USA (1991)
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 5 (1991), S. 89-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Keywords: districts ; irrigation canals ; level basins ; management ; performance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract An irrigation district in southwestern Arizona was studied to assess the performance of its water delivery system. Data were obtained through monitoring of lateral canals, examining water order reports and bills, and conducting a diagnostic analysis of the water delivery and on-farm irrigation systems through interviews. A number of differences between official andde facto district operating policies were found. These policies had changed over the years and provided far more flexibility and better service than provided by the original official policy. The canal system, which was designed to be operated under upstream control, was found to be operated under a complex mixture of manual upstream and downstream control that resembled dynamic regulation. Farmers made official (recorded) water orders only about half the time. Deliveries usually occurred within one day of the ordered date, as per district policy, with more late deliveries at the tail end of the system during peak water use periods. On average, the district delivered the rate and duration ordered, but average flow rates for individual deliveries were not accurately estimated due to fluctuating flows. The two biggest shortfalls observed were the lack of water measurement records at intermediate points in the system and lack of thorough water accounting. These shortfalls appeared to have had only a minor effect on overall district objectives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01102779
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  • 5
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    Tests of Concepts for Streamflow Sampler Design (2009)
    American Society of Civil Engineers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1084-0699
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-5584
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by American Society of Civil Engineers
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  • 6
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    FLOW METERS FOR WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (1970)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970-05-01
    Print ISSN: 1093-474X
    Electronic ISSN: 1752-1688
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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