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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Extreme winds over the seas around New Zealand (1981)
    Wellington : Govt. Print.
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: MOP Per 284(100)
    In: Meteorological Office note
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: S. 51-58
    Series Statement: Meteorological Office note 100
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Surface wind frequencies in the southwest Pacific estimated from radar-wind data (1982)
    Wellington : Govt. Print.
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: MOP Per 284(106)
    In: Meteorological Office note
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: [8] S. : Ill.
    Series Statement: Meteorological Office note 106
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 3
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    Chemical ozone loss in the Arctic winter 1994/95 as determined by the Match technique (1999)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 32(1), pp. 35-59
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The chemically induced ozone loss inside the Arctic vortex during the winter 1994/95 has beenquantified by coordinated launches of over 1000 ozonesondes from 35 stations within the Match94/95 campaign. Trajectory calculations, which allow diabatic heating or cooling, were used totrigger the balloon launches so that the ozone concentrations in a large number of air parcels areeach measured twice a few days apart. The difference in ozone concentration is calculated foreach pair and is interpreted as a change caused by chemistry. The data analysis has been carriedout far January to March between 370 K and 600 K potential temperature. Ozone loss along thesetrajectories occurred exclusively during sunlit periods, and the periods of ozone loss coincidedwith, but slightly lagged, periods where stratospheric temperatures were low enough for polarstratospheric clouds to exist. Two clearly separated periods of ozone loss show up. Ozone lossrates first peaked in late January with a maximum value of 53 ppbv per day (1.6 % per day) at475 K and faster losses higher up. Then, in mid-March ozone loss rates at 475 K reached 34 ppbvper day (1.3 % per day), faster losses were observed lower down and no ozone loss was foundabove 480 K during that period. The ozone loss in hypothetical air parcels with average diabaticdescent rates has been integrated to give an accumulated loss through the winter. The most severedepletion of 2.0 ppmv (60 %) took place in air that was at 515 K on 1 January and at 450 K on20 March. Vertical integration over the levels from 370 K to 600 K gives a column lass rate,which reached a maximum value of 2.7 Dobson Units per day in mid-March. The accumulatedcolumn loss between 1 January and 31 March was found to be 127 DU (similar to 36 %).
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 4
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    In-situ measurements of stratospheric ozone depletion rates in the Arctic winter 1991/1992: A Lagrangian approach (1998)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical ResearchD5, 103, pp. 5843-5853
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: A Lagrangian approach has been used to assess the degree of chemically induced ozone loss inthe Arctic lower stratosphere in winter 1991/1992. Trajectory calculations are used to identify airparcels probed by two ozonesondes at different points along the trajectories. A statistical analysisof the measured differences in ozone mixing ratio and the time the air parcel spent in sunlightbetween the measurements provides the chemical ozone loss. Initial results were first describedby von der Gathen et al. [1995]. Here we present a more detailed description of the technique anda more comprehensive discussion of the results. Ozone loss rates of up to 10 ppbv per sunlit hour(or 54 ppbv per day) were found inside the polar vortex on the 475 K potential temperaturesurface (about 19.5 km in altitude) at the end of January. The period of rapid ozone loss coincidesand slightly lags a period when temperatures were cold enough for type I polar stratosphericclouds to form. It is shown that the ozone loss occurs exclusively during the sunlit portions of thetrajectories. The time evolution and vertical distribution of the ozone loss rates are discussed.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 5
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    A study of ozone laminae using diabatic trajectories, contour advection and photochemical trajectory model simulations (1998)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 30(1), pp. 187-207
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: In this paper, we show that the rate of ozone loss in both polar and mid-latitudes, derived from ozonesonde and satellite data, has almost the same vertical distribution (although opposite sense) to that of ozone laminae abundance. Ozone laminae appear in the lower stratosphere soon after the polar vortex is established in autumn, increase in number throughout the winter and reach a maximum abundance in late winter or spring. We indicate a possible coupling between mid-winter, sudden stratospheric warmings (when the vortex is weakened or disrupted) and the abundance of ozone laminae using a 23-year record of ozonesonde data from the World Ozone Data Center in Canada combined with monthly-mean January polar temperatures at 30 hPa.Results are presented from an experiment conducted during the winter of 1994/95, in phase II of the Second European Stratospheric And Mid-latitude Experiment (SESAME), in which 93 ozone-enhanced laminae of polar origin observed by ozonesondes at different time and locations are linked by diabatic trajectories, enabling them to be probed twice or more. It is shown that, in general, ozone concentrations inside laminae fall progressively with time, mixing irreversibly with mid-latitude air on time-scales of a few weeks.A particular set of laminae which advected across Europe during mid February 1995 are examined in detail. These laminae were observed almost simultaneously at seven ozonesonde stations, providing information on their spatial scales. The development of these laminae has been modelled using the Contour Advection algorithm of Norton (1994), adding support to the concept that many laminae are extrusions of vortex air. Finally, a photochemical trajectory model is used to show that, if the air in the laminae is chemically activated, it will impact on mid-latitude ozone concentrations. An estimate is made of the potential number of ozone molecules lost each winter via this mechanism.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 6
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    The evolution of ozone laminae using the Match approach (1996)
    In:  EPIC3Proceedings 3rd European Symposium on Polar Stratospheric Ozone, Schliersee, 1995, (J. A. Pyle, N. R. P. Harris, and G. T. Amanatidis, eds), Air pollution research report 56, pp. 590-594, ISBN: 92-827-5722-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and sequencing the degS-degU operon from an alkalophilic Bacillus brevis (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1994), S. 78-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The sacU region from an alkalophilic Bacillus brevis was cloned and sequenced. The two open reading frames of the degS-degU operon encode polypeptides that gave calculated molecular masses of 43.8 kDa and 27.0 kDa, respectively. Sequence comparisons at the amino acid level to the B. subtilis degS-degU genes showed 74% and 84% similarity, respectively. On a multicopy vector the B. brevis degS-degU genes were found to cause hypersecretion of several extracellular enzymes in a B. subtilis rec− strain as well as in a B. subtilis sacU(HY) strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170228
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and sequencing the degS-degU operon from an alkalophilic Bacillus brevis (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1994), S. 78-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The sacU region from an alkalophilic Bacillus brevis was cloned and sequenced. The two open reading frames of the degS-degU operon encode polypeptides that gave calculated molecular masses of 43.8 kDa and 27.0 kDa, respectively. Sequence comparisons at the amino acid level to the B. subtilis degS-degU genes showed 74% and 84% similarity, respectively. On a multicopy vector the B. brevis degS-degU genes were found to cause hypersecretion of several extracellular enzymes in a B. subtilis rec– strain as well as in a B. subtilis sacU(HY) strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050220
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of gravity waves in the upper and lower stratosphere by lidar and ozonesondes (1996)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 14 (1996), S. 309-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Lidar observations of Rayleigh backscatter and temperature profiles measured by ozonesondes have been used to investigate gravity waves in the upper and lower stratosphere, respectively, over Aberystwyth (52.4°N, 4.1°W). Both data sets have been used to investigate the vertical wavenumber spectrum of the wave field at high wavenumbers. Similar analytic techniques applied to each data set enable direct comparison of the spectra. The possibility of laminar structures generated by differential advection contaminating gravity-wave fields deduced from temperature and/or density measurement is discussed and the behaviour of the wave-field mean potential energy reveals a seasonal cycle throughout the stratosphere with a late winter maximum and a summer minimum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0309-y
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Study of Ozone Laminae Using Diabatic Trajectories, Contour Advection and Photochemical Trajectory Model Simulations. (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 30 (1998), S. 187-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Ozone laminae ; mid-latitudes ; ozone depletion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we show that the rate of ozone loss in both polar and mid-latitudes, derived from ozonesonde and satellite data, has almost the same vertical distribution (although opposite sense) to that of ozone laminae abundance. Ozone laminae appear in the lower stratosphere soon after the polar vortex is established in autumn, increase in number throughout the winter and reach a maximum abundance in late winter or spring. We indicate a possible coupling between mid-winter, sudden stratospheric warmings (when the vortex is weakened or disrupted) and the abundance of ozone laminae using a 23-year record of ozonesonde data from the World Ozone Data Center in Canada combined with monthly-mean January polar temperatures at 30 hPa. Results are presented from an experiment conducted during the winter of 1994/95, in phase II of the Second European Stratospheric And Mid-latitude Experiment (SESAME), in which 93 ozone-enhanced laminae of polar origin observed by ozonesondes at different time and locations are linked by diabatic trajectories, enabling them to be probed twice or more. It is shown that, in general, ozone concentrations inside laminae fall progressively with time, mixing irreversibly with mid-latitude air on time-scales of a few weeks. A particular set of laminae which advected across Europe during mid February 1995 are examined in detail. These laminae were observed almost simultaneously at seven ozonesonde stations, providing information on their spatial scales. The development of these laminae has been modelled using the Contour Advection algorithm of Norton (1994), adding support to the concept that many laminae are extrusions of vortex air. Finally, a photochemical trajectory model is used to show that, if the air in the laminae is chemically activated, it will impact on mid-latitude ozone concentrations. An estimate is made of the potential number of ozone molecules lost each winter via this mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005836212979
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