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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2007-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0197-9337
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-9837
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley on behalf of British Society for Geomorphology.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: An unconventional approach to imaging radar calibration was considered for the entire system, including the imaging processing as a measurement instrument. The technique made use of a calibrated aircraft scatterometer as a secondary standard to measure the backscatter (sigma zero) of large units of constant roughness. These measured roughness units when viewed by an imaging radar system can be used to provide gray scale level, corresponding to known degrees of roughness. To obtain a calibrated aircraft scatterometer, a homogeneous smooth surface was measured by both the aircraft scatterometer and a sphere calibrated ground system. This provided a measure of the precision and accuracy of the aircraft system. The aircraft system was then used to measure large roughness units in the Death Valley, California area. Transfer of the measured roughness units to radar imagery was demonstrated.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: Addendum to Proc. of the 1978 Syn. Aperture Radar Technol. Conf.; 23 p
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: An evaluation is given of how active and passive microwave sensors can best be used in oil spill detection and assessment. Radar backscatter curves taken over oil spills are presented and their effect on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery are discussed. Plots of microwave radiometric brightness variations over oil spills are presented and discussed. Recommendations as to how to select the best combination of frequency, viewing angle, and sensor type for evaluation of various aspects of oil spills are also discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: The 11th Space Simulation Conf.; p 163-187
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Radar backscatter data for different field configurations and modulation function curves for angular and frequency variations are presented. A simplistic approach to modeling this effect is presented. It is concluded that: (1) row direction is a significant contributor to radar backscatter from cropland and must be considered when making radar measurements over bare or sparsely vegetated fields; (2) while the effect decrease with increasing frequency, it is still large (5 dB) at 13.3 GHz; (3) row effects are independent of linear polarization; (4) there is a strong aspect angle sensitivity which is a function of the scene and radar system parameters.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E82-10376 , NASA-TM-84852 , SM-J0-00470 , JSC-16372 , NAS 1.15:84852
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Specifications are given for the 400 MHz, the 1.6 GHz, and 13.3 GHz scatterometers used in the Joint Soil Moisture Experiment.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-144570 , LEC-7195 , JSC-10634
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The redesign of the L-band part of the multifrequency microwave radiometer (MFMR) was conducted to provide an instrument with improved sensitivity and accuracy. The results are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-CR-144461 , LEC-0336 , JSC-09876
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An experiment was conducted to study the effects of tillage and row spacing on radar backscatter without the variables of moisture and vegetation. To accomplish this objective, a test site was selected in an area characterized by minimal rainfall and sparse vegetation, and simulation rows were plowed on two adjacent 762 x 152.4 m plots, across the 762-m dimension on one plot and along the 762-m dimension on the other plot. It is found that row direction is a significant contributor to radar linearly polarized backscatter from cropland and must be considered when making radar measurements over bare or sparsely vegetated fields. Although the effect decreases with increasing frequency, it is still large (5 dB) at 13.3 13.3 GHz. It is also found that row effects may not exist in cross-polarized radar returns, in which case further measurements with an improved scatterometer system (30-35 dB cross-polarization isolation) are needed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium; Jun 08, 1981 - Jun 10, 1981; Washington, DC
    Format: text
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