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  • 1
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    Results from confusion matrices of supervised classification of habitat at 12 American kestrel nest sites in Massachusetts (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Tufts University
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: These data are the overall accuracies and kappa coefficients of several different supervised classification operations using program ENVI to identify areas of Grass, Herbaceous growth, Woody growth, Bare Ground, and Human-modified habitat in UAV aerial photos taken around 12 American Kestrel nest box sites located around Massachusetts, USA. Sites are numbered 1-12. "Self.Acc" or "Self.Kap" indicate overall accuracy or kappa coefficients when the classifier was trained with image data from the site itself. "4.Kap" or "9.Acc" indicate results when the classifier was trained with image data from Site 4 or Site 9, rather than the site itself. The "Kernels" tabs contain results using Classification Aggregation with a minimum kernel size, in pixels, indicated by the column titles, ex: "768.Kap" is the kappa coefficient when the minimum kernel size in ENVI Classification Aggregation was set to 768 pixels.
    Keywords: Massachusetts; MULT; Multiple investigations; United States; US-MA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, 19.9 kBytes
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  • 2
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    Confusion matrices evaluating the accuracy of supervised classification of habitat types in UAV aerial photos around American kestrel nest sites in Massachusetts, USA (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Tufts University
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Confusion matrices generated by program ENVI to evaluate the accuracy of Supervised Classification via a Maximum Likelihood method. Each of 12 sites was photographed at 25m and 50m heights by a Phantom 2 Vision+ quadcopter drone. Each 50m photo was also cropped to the same field of view as the 25m photo in order to examine effects of changes in image resolution with altitude. At 25m and 50m heights, different final image resolutions (kernel sizes, in pixels) were also recorded to compare. Each image was classified into a maximum of five different cover types, and the number of pixels correctly and incorrectly assigned to each cover category is recorded in the confusion matrix.
    Keywords: Massachusetts; MULT; Multiple investigations; United States; US-MA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, 44.7 kBytes
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  • 3
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    Results from multiple independent observers classifying one aerial image of an American kestrel nest box site in Massachusetts, USA using ENVI (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Tufts University
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Five naive observers (graduate students at Tufts University, MA, USA) each classified an aerial photo around an American Kestrel nest box site in Massachusetts, USA. Five different cover categories were used (Grass, Herbaceous, Woody, Human-modified, and Bare Ground) but each observer drew their own training samples. The results of a confusion matrix evaluating how many pixels of each type were correctly identified by the Supervised Classification scheme are included here. Each observer (five naive observers and the authors) was assigned a number, 1 through 6, and summary statistics of kappa coefficients are included.
    Keywords: Massachusetts; MULT; Multiple investigations; United States; US-MA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, 11.7 kBytes
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  • 4
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    Assessment of classification accuracy of habitat types in UAV aerial photos around American kestrel nest box sites in Massachusetts, USA (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: This data collection contains confusion matrices evaluating the accuracy of supervised classification of habitat types in UAV aerial photos around American kestrel nest sites in Massachusetts, USA as well as results from confusion matrices of supervised classification and from multiple independent observers classifying one aerial image of an American kestrel nest box site using ENVI.
    Keywords: Massachusetts; MULT; Multiple investigations; United States; US-MA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 5
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    (Table S1) Chronostratigraphic constrains for sediment core AND1-1B (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Naish, Tim R; Powell, Ross; Levy, Richard H; Wilson, Gary S; Scherer, Reed P; Talarico, Franco M; Krissek, Lawrence A; Niessen, Frank; Pompilio, Massimo; Wilson, Terry; Carter, Lionel; DeConto, Robert M; Huybers, Peter; McKay, Robert M; Pollard, David; Ross, J; Winter, Diane M; Barrett, Peter J; Browne, G; Cody, Rosemary; Cowan, Ellen A; Crampton, James; Dunbar, Gavin B; Dunbar, Nelia W; Florindo, Fabio; Gebhardt, Catalina; Graham, I J; Hannah, Mike J; Hansaraj, D; Harwood, David M; Helling, D; Henrys, Stuart A; Hinnov, Linda A; Kuhn, Gerhard; Kyle, Philip R; Läufer, Andreas; Maffioli, P; Magens, Diana; Mandernack, Kevin W; McIntosh, W C; Millan, C; Morin, Roger H; Ohneiser, Christian; Paulsen, Timothy S; Persico, Davide; Raine, J Ian; Reed, J; Riesselman, Christina R; Sagnotti, Leonardo; Schmitt, Douglas R; Sjunneskog, Charlotte; Strong, P; Taviani, Marco; Vogel, Stefan; Wilch, T; Williams, Trevor (2009): Obliquity-paced Pliocene West Antarctic ice sheet oscillations. Nature, 458(7236), 322-329, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07867
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: Thirty years after oxygen isotope records from microfossils deposited in ocean sediments confirmed the hypothesis that variations in the Earth's orbital geometry control the ice ages (Hays et al., 1976, doi:10.1126/science.194.4270.1121), fundamental questions remain over the response of the Antarctic ice sheets to orbital cycles (Raymo and Huybers, 2008, doi:10.1038/nature06589). Furthermore, an understanding of the behaviour of the marine-based West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) during the 'warmer-than-present' early-Pliocene epoch (~5-3 Myr ago) is needed to better constrain the possible range of ice-sheet behaviour in the context of future global warming (Solomon et al., 2007). Here we present a marine glacial record from the upper 600 m of the AND-1B sediment core recovered from beneath the northwest part of the Ross ice shelf by the ANDRILL programme and demonstrate well-dated, ~40-kyr cyclic variations in ice-sheet extent linked to cycles in insolation influenced by changes in the Earth's axial tilt (obliquity) during the Pliocene. Our data provide direct evidence for orbitally induced oscillations in the WAIS, which periodically collapsed, resulting in a switch from grounded ice, or ice shelves, to open waters in the Ross embayment when planetary temperatures were up to ~3° C warmer than today ( Kim and Crowley, 2000, doi:10.1029/1999PA000459) and atmospheric CO2 concentration was as high as ~400 p.p.m.v. (van der Burgh et al., 1993, doi:10.1126/science.260.5115.1788, Raymo et al., 1996, doi:10.1016/0377-8398(95)00048-8). The evidence is consistent with a new ice-sheet/ice-shelf model (Pollard and DeConto, 2009, doi:10.1038/nature07809) that simulates fluctuations in Antarctic ice volume of up to +7 m in equivalent sea level associated with the loss of the WAIS and up to +3 m in equivalent sea level from the East Antarctic ice sheet, in response to ocean-induced melting paced by obliquity. During interglacial times, diatomaceous sediments indicate high surface-water productivity, minimal summer sea ice and air temperatures above freezing, suggesting an additional influence of surface melt (Huybers, 2006, doi:10.1126/science.1125249) under conditions of elevated CO2.
    Keywords: Age, comment; Age, error; Age model; Age model, optional; Ageprofile Datum Description; AND1-1B; AND-1B; ANDRILL; Antarctic Geological Drilling; D-ANDRILL; Datum level; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; McMurdo Ice Shelf; McMurdo Station; Method comment; MIS; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; SPP1158
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 129 data points
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  • 6
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    A chemical view of the most ancient metazoa - biomarker chemotaxonomy of hexactinellid sponges (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Naturwissenschaften, 89, pp. 60-66
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Hexactinellid sponges are often considered to be the most ancient metazoans. Lipid biomarkers from 23 species were studied for information on their phylogenetic properties, particularly their disputed relation to the two other sponge classes (Demospongiae, Calcarea). The most prominent lipid compounds in the Hexactinellida comprise C28 to C32 polyenoic fatty acids. Their structures parallel the unique patterns found in demosponge membrane fatty acids (demospongic acids) and strongly support a close phylogenetic association of the Demospongiae and the Hexactinellida. Both taxa also show unusual mid-chain methylated fatty acids (C15 C25 ) and irregular C25- and C40-isoprenoid hydrocarbons, tracers for specific eubacteria and Archaea, respectively. These biomarkers indicate a similar, highly conservative symbiont community, although some shift in the abundance of the associated microbiota was observed. The lack of these features in calcareous sponges further contradicts the still common view that Calcarea and Demospongiae are more closely related to each other than either is to the Hexactinellida.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 7
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    New integrated data analyses software components (2010)
    In:  EPIC3Scientific Drilling, 9, pp. 30-31
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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  • 8
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    Obliquity-paced Pliocene West Antarctic ice sheet oscillations (2009)
    In:  EPIC3Nature 458, pp. 322-328
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
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    Evolution of a major drug metabolizing enzyme defect in the domestic cat and other felidae : phylogenetic timing and the role of hypercarnivory (2011)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This is an open-access article, free of all copyright. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 6(2011): e18046, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018046.
    Description: The domestic cat (Felis catus) shows remarkable sensitivity to the adverse effects of phenolic drugs, including acetaminophen and aspirin, as well as structurally-related toxicants found in the diet and environment. This idiosyncrasy results from pseudogenization of the gene encoding UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A6, the major species-conserved phenol detoxification enzyme. Here, we established the phylogenetic timing of disruptive UGT1A6 mutations and explored the hypothesis that gene inactivation in cats was enabled by minimal exposure to plant-derived toxicants. Fixation of the UGT1A6 pseudogene was estimated to have occurred between 35 and 11 million years ago with all extant Felidae having dysfunctional UGT1A6. Out of 22 additional taxa sampled, representative of most Carnivora families, only brown hyena (Parahyaena brunnea) and northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) showed inactivating UGT1A6 mutations. A comprehensive literature review of the natural diet of the sampled taxa indicated that all species with defective UGT1A6 were hypercarnivores (〉70% dietary animal matter). Furthermore those species with UGT1A6 defects showed evidence for reduced amino acid constraint (increased dN/dS ratios approaching the neutral selection value of 1.0) as compared with species with intact UGT1A6. In contrast, there was no evidence for reduced amino acid constraint for these same species within UGT1A1, the gene encoding the enzyme responsible for detoxification of endogenously generated bilirubin. Our results provide the first evidence suggesting that diet may have played a permissive role in the devolution of a mammalian drug metabolizing enzyme. Further work is needed to establish whether these preliminary findings can be generalized to all Carnivora.
    Description: Binu Shrestha was supported by a Fulbright scholarship from the United States Department of State. This project was funded by grant R01GM061834 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, contract N01-CO-12400 from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and by the Intramural Research Program, NCI Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 10
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    Obliquity-paced Pliocene West Antarctic ice sheet oscillations (2009)
    Macmillan
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-14
    Description: Thirty years after oxygen isotope records frommicrofossils deposited in ocean sediments confirmed the hypothesis that variations in the Earth’s orbital geometry control the ice ages1, fundamental questions remain over the response of the Antarctic ice sheets to orbital cycles2. Furthermore, an understanding of the behaviour of the marine-based West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) during the ‘warmer-than- present’ early-Pliocene epoch (̃5–3Myr ago) is needed to better constrain the possible range of ice-sheet behaviour in the context of future global warming3. Here we present a marine glacial record from the upper 600 m of theAND-1B sediment core recovered from beneath the northwest part of the Ross ice shelf by the ANDRILL programme and demonstrate well-dated, ̃40-kyr cyclic variations in ice-sheet extent linked to cycles in insolation influenced by changes in the Earth’s axial tilt (obliquity) during the Pliocene. Our data provide direct evidence for orbitally induced oscillations in the WAIS, which periodically collapsed, resulting in a switch from grounded ice, or ice shelves, to open waters in the Ross embayment when planetary temperatures were up to ̃3 C warmer than today4 and atmospheric CO2 concentration was as high as ̃400 p.p.m.v. (refs 5, 6). The evidence is consistent with a new ice-sheet/ice-shelf model7 that simulates fluctuations in Antarctic ice volume of up to + 7 m in equivalent sea level associated with the loss of the WAIS and up to +3 m in equivalent sea level from the EastAntarctic ice sheet, in response to ocean-induced melting paced by obliquity.During interglacial times, diatomaceous sediments indicate high surface-water productivity, minimal summer sea ice and air temperatures above freezing, suggesting an additional influence of surface melt8 under conditions of elevated CO2.
    Description: Published
    Description: 322 - 328
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Antarctica ; paleoclimate ; Pliocene ; stratigraphy ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.06. Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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