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  • 1
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    Surface temperature and precipitation variations in the western U.S. and their relation to large scale circulation indices [abstract] (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14420 | 8 | 2014-02-05 23:23:54 | 14420
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT):An analysis of the principal components of surface temperature and precipitation in the western U.S. is presented. Data consist of monthly mean temperature and total precipitation for 66 climate divisions west of the Continental Divide, for the years 1931-1984. The analysis is repeated for three separate combinations of months - the water year (Oct - Sept), the cool season (Oct - Mar) and the warm season (Apr - Sept). Inspection of monthly precipitation climatology indicates that selection of these combinations of months results in very few awkward splittings of the natural precipitation seasons found in the West.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 15-16
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  • 2
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    Introduction (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15553 | 8 | 2014-10-27 22:04:26 | 15553
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: The 1992 PACLIM meeting featured the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program, sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Ranging from hot to cold and wet to dry climatic regimes, these 18 sites are attempting to understand the web of relationships in different locations as communities evolve over time scales of years to decades to centuries. During this time they are subject to external forcings, including those that vary smoothly and somewhat predictably, like the seasons, upon which are superimposed random "shocks" of various magnitudes.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; Ecology ; Oceanography ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-4
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  • 3
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    Wind climate trends in the Pacific Northwest and the implications to renewable energy supply (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15606 | 8 | 2014-11-10 21:10:55 | 15606
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT):This paper examines the influence of wind climate variations on new Pacific Northwest renewable energy sources. Wind represents a potentially valuable supplemental source of energy in the region. ... The recent period of weaker winds may be associated with a stronger North Pacific Low in the last decade. This would result in winter storms more often being deflected farther north, to Canada. Also, in the last dozen years, lower SOI values were common. Other investigators have found low SOI to be associated with drier conditions in the Pacific Northwest.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 59-65
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  • 4
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    Recent winters in the western United States and relationship to ENSO patterns [abstract] (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15791 | 8 | 2014-12-04 23:10:44 | 15791
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT):In the mountainous western United States, winter weather has consequences for the entire year, especially with respect to the use of water. For most of the past 6-8 years, drought has been a persistent feature of the climate.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 141-141
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  • 5
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    1976 step in the Pacific climate: forty environmental changes between 1968-1975 and 1977-1984 (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/4562 | 111 | 2014-11-10 21:58:24 | 4562
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-04
    Description: Examination of 40 time series of multidisciplinary environmental variables from the Pacific Ocean and the Americas, collected in 1968 to 1984, demonstrated the remarkable consistency of a major climate-related, step-like change in 1976. To combine the 40 variables (e.g., air and water temperatures, Southern Oscillation, chlorophyll, geese, salmon, crabs, glaciers, atmospheric dust, coral, carbon dioxide, winds, ice cover, Bering Strait transport) into a single time series, standard variants of individual annual values (subtracting the mean and dividing by a standard deviation) were averaged. Analysis of the resulting time series showed that the single step in 1976, separating the 1968-1975 period from the 1977-1984 period, accounted for 89% of variance within the composite time series. Apparently, one of the Earth's large ecosystems occasionally undergoes large abrupt shifts.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; Ecology ; Oceanography ; Earth Sciences ; Environment ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 115-126
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  • 6
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    Effects of observation time on interpretation of climatic time series - a need for consistency (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15640 | 8 | 2014-11-14 00:18:20 | 15640
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Much of what we know about the climate of the United States is derived from data gathered under the auspices of the cooperative climate network. Particular aspects of the way observations are taken can have significant influences on the values of climate statistics derived from the data. These influences are briefly reviewed. The purpose of this paper is to examine their effects on climatic time series. Two other items discussed are: (1) a comparison of true (24-hour) means with means derived from maximums and minimums only, and (2) preliminary work on the times of day at which maximums and minimums are set.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 141-150
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  • 7
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    Introduction (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15670 | 8 | 2014-11-18 20:41:17 | 15670
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The PACLIM workshops celebrated their tenth anniversary from April 4 to 7, 1993. The location, as for each of the previous meetings, was the beautiful grounds of the Asilomar Conference Center in Pacific Grove, California. The setting is emblematic of the concerns of those who attend: tucked in amidst the vegetation, a short stroll away from the zone where the land and the ocean and the atmosphere have long continued a meeting of their own, although a meeting with a far more ancient pedigree.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Limnology ; Oceanography ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-3
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  • 8
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    ENSO influences on atmospheric circulation and precipitation in the western United States (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15671 | 8 | 2014-11-18 20:51:26 | 15671
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT):The influence of ENSO on atmospheric circulation and precipitation over the western United States is presented from two perspectives. First, ENSO-associated circulation patterns over the North Pacific/North America sector were identified using an REOF (rotated empirical orthogonal function) analysis of the 700-mb height field and compositing these for extreme phases of the Southern Oscillation Index. ... Second, we examine the variability of precipitation during the warm and cool phases of ENSO for different locations in the western United States.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 5-26
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  • 9
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    Climatic impacts of the 1991-92 Western winter (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14581 | 8 | 2014-10-27 21:34:33 | 14581
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT):The latest in a series of unusual winters affected the western United States during 1991-92. This report is primarily concerned with the 6 to 8 coolest months, with some consideration of the adjacent summer months. ... Much of the winter was characterized by "split flow" west of North America. As it approached the West Coast, the jet stream frequently diverged into a northern branch toward Panhandle Alaska and a second southern branch that dived south along the California coast and then eastward along the US-Mexican border. Repeatedly, storms approaching the West Coast were stretched north-to-south, losing their organization in the process.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 123-132
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  • 10
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    Climate variability and Crater Lake water levels (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15607 | 8 | 2014-11-10 21:14:45 | 15607
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Crater Lake has fluctuated in elevation by 5 meters during the 20th Century. Reasons for these fluctuations were investigated as part of a long-term study of the Crater Lake ecosystem. Lake level changes were found to be closely related to precipitation variations. The lake can be thought of as acting as both a giant precipitation gage and as a large evaporation "pan". Winter snowfall variations are related to variations in the Southern Oscillation Index. Crater Lake offers a unique combination of simple geometry and hydrology, and a long record of supporting data, available nowhere else in the world for a caldera lake.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; Limnology ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 67-73
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