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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cost-optimal maintenance policies with increasing hazard rate (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Journal of quality in maintenance engineering 2 (1996), S. 60-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1355-2511
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Technology , Economics
    Notes: Considers a system with two states - operating and failed. The system undergoes overhauls preventively at scheduled times and the successive overhaul times constitute non-decreasing geometric process. Assumes that the failure rate increases with the number of overhauls. Also assumes that the system undergoes only minimal repairs if it fails between optimal number of overhauls N*, the optimal time T* and the optimal pair (N*, T*) based on the cost considerations. Gives numerical examples to illustrate the procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552519610130459
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of trypsin on poly(alginic acid-g-glycidyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1987), S. 101-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird über eine Methode zur Enzymimmobilisierung durch Pfropfcopolymerisation auf Alginsäure berichtet. Glycidylmethacrylat wurde zusammen mit Methylmethacrylat als vinylierendes Agens verwendet. Für die Untersuchungen wurde das Enzym Trypsin gewählt. Der Einfluß der verschiedenen Parameter wie pH-Optimum, Temperaturoptimum, pH Stabilität, thermische Stabilität, Lagerstabilität und Wiederverwendbarkeit wurde untersucht.
    Notes: A method of enzyme immobilization by graft copolymerization onto alginic acid is reported. Glycidylmethacrylate along with methyl methacrylate was used as a vinylating reagent. The enzyme trypsin has been chosen for our studies. The effects of various parameters such as pH optima, temperature optima, pH stability, thermal stability, storage stability, and re-usability were studied.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051490107
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of trypsin on poly(alginic acid-g-glycidyl methacrylate-co-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 144 (1986), S. 183-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Um eine Matrix zur Immobilisierung von Enzymen herzustellen, wurden Alginsäure, ein natürlich vorkommendes Polysaccharid, als Rückgrat und Glycidylmethacrylat (GMA) und 2-Hydroxyethylmethacrylat (HEMA) als Monomere für die Pfropfcopolymerisation gewählt. HEMA wurde verwendet, um den hydrophilen Charakter, der durch die Einführung von GMA verlorenginge, zu erhalten. Die Immobilisierung von Trypsin geschieht durch kovalente Bindung an die Matrix. Die optimale Temperatur beträgt für das immobilisierte Enzym 35°C, und es ist bei pH 8 am stabilsten.
    Notes: To synthesize a matrix for the immobilization of enzymes, alginic acid, a naturally occurring polysaccharide has been chosen as the backbone, and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as monomers for graft copolymerization. HEMA was used to introduce hydrophilic character which would have been lost during the introduction of the hydrophobic monomer glycidyl methacrylate into alginic acid. Immobilization of trypsin onto this matrix takes place by covalent bonding. The temperature optimum of the immobilized enzyme was found to be 35°C and it was most stable at pH 8.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1986.051440116
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactivity ratios of ethyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate copolymer system by 1H-NMR (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ethyl acrylate (EA) and n-butyl methacrylate (n-BMA) copolymers were prepared in solution and the composition of the copolymer samples was estimated by 1H-NMR spectroscopic techniques. Because the characteristic signals, which vary with the composition of the copolymer, were absent, the ratio of intensities of down-field protons to that of the total protons was used for the estimation of copolymer composition. Reactivity ratios were calculated from these values by using the Kelen-Tudos differential linear equation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170200202
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of mechanical properties of urethane-chlorinated rubber graft copolymer system. I (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 391-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymer was prepared from toluene diisocyanate and a mixture of castor oil-polypropylene glycol (PPG) (MW 2000). The chlorinated rubber (CR) graft copolymers (A and B) containing small percentage of hydroxyl groups were mixed with the urethane prepolymer in different proportions (1:1, 2:3, and 1:2), and the films were cast using these systems. Tensile strength and percent elongation were evaluated for A and B series with and without triethanolamine (TEA). Morphological characteristics of the films were also studied by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Deviations noticed in tensile strength values at yield as well as at break for A and B series and for the samples cured with additional TEA have been discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300134
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogels based on graft copolymers of collagen synthesis (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 4939-4944 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate in combination with hydrophobic monomers onto soluble collagen was employed in the synthesis of hydrogels. The hydrogels were formed by simultaneous graft copolymerization and crosslinking. In order to study the effect of various crosslinking agents on the water retention character of the hydrogels, three different crosslinking agents, namely, N,N′-methylene bis acrylamide, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, and hexamethylene urethanediacrylate were used. Hexamethylene urethanediacrylate crosslinked systems require a minimum amount of crosslinking agent to attain maximum water content in comparison to the other systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320516
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid crystalline properties of a series of thermotropic copolyesters containing both mesogenic and nonmesogenic units (1991)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 29 (1991), S. 1015-1021 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of copolymers containing triad ester mesogenic units, with pendent n-octyl substituents, and triad ester nonmesogenic units, both with flexible spacer groups, was prepared and characterized for the effect of the nonmesogenic unit content on transition temperatures and thermodynamic parameters. The mesophase temperature range increased, but temperature, enthalpy, and entropy of isotropization decreased in a linear manner with increasing nonmesogen comonomer content. The entropy of isotropization is considered to be a quantitative measure of the degree of order of the nematic phase, but this order may include both the amount and the order parameter of the mesophase if, as proposed, both the isotropic and nematic phase exist below the isotropization temperatures of the copolymers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1991.080290708
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of the phase behavior of liquid-crystalline components in closely related blends and copolyesters (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 27 (1989), S. 2117-2130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Phase behavior of blends of a liquid-crystalline (LC) polymer with a non-LC polymer and of a series of copolymers containing mesogenic and nonmesogenic units was studied by thermal, optical, and dynamic mechanical methods. The polymers composing the blends and the copolymers had the same constituent monomers. The blends exhibited phase separation over the whole range of compositions studied as observed by DSC and dynamic mechanical analysis. Two glass transition temperatures (Tg) corresponding to the two components and independence of melting (Tm) and isotropization temperatures (Ti) to changes in composition were observed for the blends. The copolymers did not show phase separation over most of the composition range studied. Only one Tg corresponding to that of the major component could be detected for the copolymers, and the Tg was found to increase with an increase in the amount of nonmesogenic monomer in the copolymers. The difference in phase behavior was explained on the basis of the chemical environment of the constituent units in the blends and in copolymers. Phase inversion in the blends was observed by microscopy when the blends contained 60 mol% or more of the non-LC polymer.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1989.090271014
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of trypsin on alginic acid-poly (glycidyl methacrylate) graft copolymer (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 609-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Trypsin was immobilized onto alginic acid-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) graft copolymer (AAGMA). The resulting immobilized enzyme showed 65% of the soluble enzymatic activity. The temperature optimum was shifted by 5°C to a higher value. The pH optimum of immobilized enzyme has also been shifted by 0.5 units toward the alkaline side when compared to that of soluble enzyme. The pH stability and thermal stability are better than that of soluble enzyme.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260280419
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-term biocompatibility studies of hydrogel-grafted collagen copolymers (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 20 (1986), S. 1103-1109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Synthetic hydrogels are an interesting class of biomaterials. Hydrogels were prepared by the graft copolymerization of either HEMA and MMA or HEMA and GDMA onto soluble collagen using different cross linking agents. The tissue compatibility of these hydrogels was studied by implantation in rats. It was observed that there were no untoward rejection phenomena of these gels when implanted in vivo except for the typical healing process. The hydrogels were well tolerated and might well serve as good tissue equivalents.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820200804
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