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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solar activity dependence of ionospheric electron content and slab thickness using different solar indices (1993)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 140 (1993), S. 721-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Ionospheric electron content ; slab thickness ; solar EUV flux ; S 10.7 cm flux ; sunspot number
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ionospheric electron content (IEC) and slab thickness (τ) data for the period 1977 to 1980 from Lunping (23.03°N; 121.90°E subionospheric) have been examined for their solar activity dependence. Local noontime monthly means as well as values for the 5 QQ days in a month have been examined separately with different solar indices, namely: solar EUV flux (170–190 Å),S 10.7 cm flux and sun spot number (SSN) on a seasonal basis. Both IEC and τ parameters exhibit better correlation with solar EUV andS 10.7 cm fluxes than with SSN for all seasons. IEC increases linearly with both EUV andS 10.7 cm flux whereas with SSN it shows a distinct nonlinear relationship during all seasons in both monthly mean and 5 QQ days' values. This study indicates that for correlating and predicting the variations (especially the medium term) in the ionospheric parameters, both EUV andS 10.7 cm fluxes have an advantage over SSN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876585
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and evaluation of airborne microwave refractometer for studies on atmospheric tropical boundary layer radiorefractive index (1994)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 12 (1994), S. 785-793 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Observations of high-resolution data on radio refractivity were obtained by the airborne microwave refractometer over the Indian sub-continent (a tropical country) from 1971 to 1988. Detailed vertical and horizontal distributions of radio refractivity on a near-real-time basis in the atmospheric boundary layer were determined. Radiosonde observations cannot detect the thin refractivity gradients which characterize the propagation environment in this low-altitude region. This knowledge is required to design reliable and efficient communication systems for strategic, tactical and operational needs. However, the results demonstrate the layer structures and the variability of the boundary layer in time and space. The radio refractive effects on electromagnetic propagation and the future direction of radio refractivity fine-structure measurements are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0785-x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sudden post-midnight decrease in equatorial F-region electron densities associated with severe magnetic storms (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 306-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A detailed analysis of the responses of the equatorial ionosphere to a large number of severe magnetic storms shows the rapid and remarkable collapse of F-region ionisation during post-midnight hours; this is at variance with the presently accepted general behaviour of the low-latitude ionosphere during magnetic storms. This paper discusses such responses as seen in the ionosonde data at Kodaikanal (Geomagn. Lat. 0.6 N). It is also observed that during magnetic storm periods the usual increase seen in the h’F at Kodaikanal during sunset hours is considerably suppressed and these periods are also characterised by increased foF2 values. It is suggested that the primary process responsible for these dramatic pre- and post-midnight changes in foF2 during magnetic storms could be due to changes in the magnitude as well as in the direction of usual equatorial electric fields. During the post-midnight periods the change in electric-field direction from westward to eastward for a short period causes an upward E × B plasma drift resulting in increased h’F and decreased electron densities in the equatorial region. In addition, it is also suggested that the enhanced storminduced meridional winds in the thermosphere, from the poles towards the equator, may also cause the decreases in electron density seen during post-midnight hours by spatially transporting the F-region ionisation southwards away from Kodaikanal. The paper also includes a discussion on the effects of such decreases in ionisation on low-latitude HF communications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0306-9
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Significance of the relationship between absolute total finger ridge count and its variability (1987)
    Springer
    International journal of anthropology 2 (1987), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1824-3096
    Keywords: Absolute finger ridge count ; Genetics ; Dermatoglyphics ; India ; Major gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In order to test the hypothesis of a major gene effect on absolute total finger ridge count (ATFRC), the nature of relationship between mean ATFRC and its variability was evaluated in a series of 47 population samples from India. Regression analysis showed that both the standard deviation and the coefficient of variation are significantly related to mean ATFRC, and about 35% of the variation in ATFRC is explained by the dependent variable coefficent of variation. These results support the hypothesis of a major gene effect on the trait ATFRC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442360
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tropospheric disturbance of 17–21 December 1974 and its effect on microwave propagation (1977)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 11 (1977), S. 103-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A number of troposphere-monitoring experiments were pressed into service during a large tropospheric disturbance which lasted for several days in December 1974. The experiments operated intensively included a monostatic Sodar system, a satellite radio beacon receiver at very low elevation angles, Meteorological Radiosondes, a 250-kW weather radar, a microwave LOS link and a microbarograph. This multi-pronged campaign yielded very useful results and the correspondences between various observations were striking. The Sodar and microwave link observations were visibly affected only when δN reached a value of about −70 units; however, the satellite beacon observations showed anomalous behaviour even for lower δN values. Rather spectacular coincidences occurred on one night: the large fading (up to 10 db) in the LOS link; highly disturbed conditions displayed in the entire Sodar range; the largest tropospheric effect on the satellite beacon system; and the most active superrefraction of the radar echoes. It was also noticed that these effects are obvious only during nights, while they remain masked or dampened in the sun-lit hours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221827
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of atmospheric turbulence in the surface layer over Antarctica (1991)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 57 (1991), S. 207-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents meteorological measurements made during the antarctic summer period, on two 9 m and 3 m towers, on the rocky and ice shelf terrains of the Indian antarctic stations Maitri and Dakshin Gangotri, respectively. The measurements of fluctuations in temperature and wind speed made with relatively lesser precision instrumentation pertain to smaller wave numbers ~10-2 m-1 appropriate to outer scale L 0 of the atmospheric turbulence spectrum. Autocorrelation analysis of the fluctuations in temperature and wind speed has been performed. A new autoregressive scheme has been developed to represent the computed autocorrelation functions by a Yule statistical model, and to estimate the correlation period T 0 of the turbulent medium. Height profiles of outer scale L 0 of turbulence may be given in terms of T 0 and mean wind speed u. Further, the similarity theory of Monin-Obukhov has been used to compute height profiles of temperature structure parameter C T 2. At Maitri, values of L 0 and C T 2 are higher between 03–22 h local time than between 22–03 h. Values of L 0 and C T 2 are smaller over the ice shelf terrain of the Dakshin Gangotri station, compared to those over the rocky terrain of the Maitri station.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120885
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of V2O5 and Nb2O5 on Thermal Stability of TiO2-anatase (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 17 (1998), S. 1913-1915 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026406010422
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of turbulent fluxes over Maitri, Antarctica (1995)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 74 (1995), S. 195-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Turbulent fluxes have been evaluated for clear sunny days over the Indian Antarctic station, Maitri, using the basic meteorological data recorded at four levels of a 28 m tower. The data are supplemented with radiation data. The surface layer over Maitri remains thermally stratified during the hours of minimum solar insolation, the so-called nighttime period. The surface winds during this period are generally very strong resulting in high momentum fluxes. In particular, for high winds (〉12 m s−1), the temperature gradient is found to be less positive than for moderate winds (4 to 7 m s−1). Solar insolation provided the daytime heating necessary for the diurnal variation of atmospheric stability, and hence, for the turbulent fluxes. Thus, on clear days daytime conditions are marked by upward transport of heat with reduced momentum flux, while stable nighttime conditions are marked by a downward heat flux with increased momentum fluxes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00715717
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalysis of thiophene hydrogenolysis by bimetallic sulfide catalysts of different compositions (1989)
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 40 (1989), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Изучена активность в реакции гидрогенолиза тиофена сульфидных катализаторов MI/SiO2, MI/WS2, (MI,W)/SiO2 и (Ni, MII)/SiO2, где MI — металл первого переходного ряда, а MII−Nb, Mo, W, Re. Обнаружено симбатное изменение активности моно- и биметаллических катализаторов в зависимости от природы металла MI. Предполагается образование сульфидного биметаллического соединения.
    Notes: Abstract The activity of sulfide catalysts MI/SiO2, MI/WS2, (MI,W)/SiO2 and (Ni,MII)/SiO2 (MI is a first row transition metal, and MII=Nb, Mo, W or Re) in the thiophene hydrogenolysis reaction has been studied. Activities of mono- and bimetallic catalysts are found to change in the same manner depending upon the nature of MI. The formation of a sulfide bimetallic species (SBMS) is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02235141
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  • 10
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    Investigations on vertical coupling of atmospheric regions using combined multiwavelength optical dayglow, magnetic, and radio measurements (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-01
    Description: [1]  Systematic investigations of optical dayglow emissions at OI 557.7, OI 630.0, and OI 777.4 nm have been carried out simultaneously over a large field-of-view (~140 o ). These emission intensities are obtained during January-March in the years 2011 and 2012 from Hyderabad (17.5 o N, 78.5 o E), India, using a high-spectral resolution multi-wavelength imaging echelle spectrograph (MISE). Spectral analyses of planetary wave type periodicities in all the dayglow emission intensities are performed and their association with lower atmospheric and direct solar forcings are presented. This analysis revealed that periods near the atmospheric free-normal modes of 5, 10, 16, and 25 days (that are produced mainly in the troposphere) are found to register their presence in the upper atmospheric emission intensities. In an earlier study during high solar activity period (2001), sunspot numbers (SSN) and the daily averaged OI 630.0 nm dayglow intensities were seen to be co-varying. In contrast, the variability in the dayglow emission intensities during relatively low solar activity epoch (2011) shows no or weaker correlation with that of the SSN but a greater similarity with that of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) strength. Periodicities of both lower atmospheric normal modes and those related to sunspots are found during moderate solar activity (2012). Based on this analysis, it appears that the upper atmospheric dayglow emissions respond mainly to lower atmospheric forcing during low solar activity, solar forcing in high solar activity, and both during moderate solar activity level.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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