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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BICUBIC SPLINE INTERPOLATION: A QUANTITATIVE TEST OF ACCURACY AND EFFICIENCY (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 27 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Two different methods for the construction of an approximation to bicubic splines for interpolating irregularly spaced two-dimensional data are described. These are referred to as the least squares line (LSL) and linear segment (LINSEG) construction procedures.A quantitative test is devised for investigating the absolute accuracy and efficiency of the two spline interpolation procedures. The test involves (i) laying of artificial flight lines on the analytically known field of a model, (ii) interpolation of field values along the flight lines and their subtraction from the original field values to compute the residuals. This test is applied on fields due to four models (three prism models and one dyke model) placed at different depths below the flight lines, and for each case the error estimates (the mean error, the maximum error and the standard deviation) are tabulated.An analysis of the error estimates shows in all cases the LSL interpolation to be more accurate than the LINSEG, although the latter is about 50% faster in computer time. The relative accuracy and efficiency of the LSL interpolation is also tested against a recent method based on harmonization procedure, which shows the latter to be more precise, though much slower in speed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1979.tb00976.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clams before Columbus? (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 359 (1992), S. 679-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Zoologists and geologists agree that specimens of Mya arenaria (the American soft-shell clam) from the Holocene found in Europe first appeared in the sixteenth century, after the voyage of Columbus1. But we have dated a sample from the Kattegat region on the east coast of the Skaw in northern ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/359679a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supernovae and nitrate in the Greenland Ice Sheet (1981)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 294 (1981), S. 637-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Nitrate deposited in the Antarctic Ice Sheet has attracted attention because of its possible production by the absorption of ionizing radiation from extraterrestrial sources in the stratosphere1"3. The deposition rate of nitrate in snow accumulated in areas remote from soil and sea should then ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/294637a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equation of state for monomolecular films of melittin at air-water interface (1983)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 261 (1983), S. 767-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: monomolecular films ; melittin ; air-water-interface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The spread monolayers of proteins at the air-water interface have been reported to be very useful model membrane systems. The charged protein monolayers have been analyzed by using the Gouy-Chapman (-Stern) models. These models gave satisfactory analyses of “non-membrane” proteins, but could not be used for the data of charged melittin monolayers (“membrane protein”). In order to describe these data, a new discrete (net) charge model is developed, and the equation of state for these two-dimensional films is discussed herein. This study shows, for the first time, that discrete (net) charges are present in charged melittin (a peptide with 26 amino acids) monolyers. The measured surface pressure,Π, and surface potential,Δψ, are analyzed with the help of the discrete charge model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410951
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Instrumental neutron activation analysis of samples with masses from micrograms to hectograms (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 167 (1993), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The rotating rig at the Danish DR-3 reactor was used for irradiation of samples with masses from a hundred micrograms to several hundred grams. The pneumatic post for uranium delayed neutron counting was used for automatic sequential irradiation of samples subdivided into up to 24 aliquots, each with a volume of 7 cm3. The cumulative samples were measured in polyethylene irradiation containers in a specially designed radial holder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02035476
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some developmental markers in yellow baboon infants of Mikumi National Park, Tanzania (1979)
    Springer
    Primates 20 (1979), S. 591-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Infants of known birthdates were sampled from a population of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in Mikumi National Park, Tanzania, to ascertain the reliability of several maturational changes which could be used to age infants whose birthdates are unknown. The transition from the infant's black natal coat to the uniform yellow or tan adult pelage proved extremely variable, with completion varying from 7 to 19 months. The transition from the pink skin of the newborn to the completely grey adult pigmentation was much less variable. Skin on the hands and feet and on the paracallosal area was completely grey in all individuals by 8 months, while skin on the face and ears changed more gradually and was entirely grey by 12 months. These data are in substantial agreement with maturational markers established for yellow baboon infants in Amboseli National Park, Kenya, despite differences in habitat and age-sex structure between the two populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373441
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the activity budgets of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) during sexual consortships (1985)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 17 (1985), S. 161-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The energetic cost of guarding estrous females has been assumed to be a potentially major factor in limiting the duration of male consortships in a number of polygamous species. This issue has been examined in the present study by assessing changes in the usual activity budgets of 13 male and 20 female yellow baboons which occurred during their consortships. The percent of time adult males spent feeding was strongly related to their agonistic rank: Higher-ranking males fed proportionately more than lower-ranking males while not in consort, and they showed a relatively greater decrease in feeding time during consortships. The proportion of time females spent feeding was related to their agonistic rank and (to a lesser degree) to their parity. Higher-ranking females fed more than lower-ranking females outside of consortships, and showed a relatively greater decrease in time spent feeding while in consort. Nulliparous females tended to feed more than parous females while not in consort; during consortships, the feeding time of nulliparous females decreased, while that of parous females increased slightly. The activity of male and female consort partners was most coordinated during the fertile cycle stage of the female partner, and least coordinated once the female had passed the fertile stage. Although reductions in feeding time during consortships were generally much more pronounced in males than in females, neither males nor females appeared to attain the undisturbed optimal feeding level for their sex while in consort.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00299248
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  • 8
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    Contribution of Extreme Convective Storms to Rainfall in South America (2015)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: The contribution of extreme convective storms to rainfall in South America is investigated using 15 years of high-resolution data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR). Precipitation from three specific types of storms with extreme horizontal and vertical dimensions have been calculated and compared to the climatological rain. The tropical and subtropical regions of South America differ markedly in the influence of storms with extreme dimensions. The tropical regions, especially the Amazon basin, have aspects similar to oceanic convection. Convection in the subtropical regions, centered on La Plata basin, exhibits patterns consistent with storm life cycles initiating in the foothills of the Andes and growing into larger mesoscale convective systems that propagate to the east. In La Plata basin, convective storms with a large horizontal dimension contribute ~44% of the rain and the accumulated influence of all three types of storms with extreme characteristics produce ~95% of the total precipitation in the austral summer.
    Print ISSN: 1525-755X
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-7541
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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  • 9
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    Convective Initiation near the Andes in Subtropical South America (2016)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-31
    Description: Satellite radar and radiometer data indicate that subtropical South America has some of the deepest and most extreme convective storms on Earth. This study uses the full 15-yr TRMM Precipitation Radar dataset in conjunction with high-resolution simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model to better understand the physical factors that control the climatology of high-impact weather in subtropical South America. The occurrence of intense storms with an extreme horizontal dimension is generally associated with lee cyclogenesis and a strengthening South American low-level jet (SALLJ) in the La Plata basin. The orography of the Andes is critical, and model sensitivity calculations removing and/or reducing various topographic features indicate the orographic control on the initiation of convection and its upscale growth into mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). Reduced Andes experiments show more widespread convective initiation, weaker average storm intensity, and more rapid propagation of the MCS to the east (reminiscent of the MCS life cycle downstream of lower mountains such as the Rockies). With reduced Andes, lee cyclogenesis and SALLJ winds are weaker, while they are stronger in increased Andes runs. The presence of the Sierras de Córdoba (secondary mountain range east of the Andes in Argentina) focuses convective initiation and results in more intense storms in experiments with higher Andes. Average CAPE and CIN values for each terrain modification simulation show that reduced Andes runs had lower CIN and CAPE, while increased Andes runs had both stronger CAPE and CIN. From this research, a conceptual model for convective storm environments leading to convective initiation has been developed for subtropical South America.
    Print ISSN: 0027-0644
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0493
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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  • 10
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    Multiscale Aspects of the Storm Producing the June 2013 Flooding in Uttarakhand, India (2017)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-03
    Print ISSN: 0027-0644
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0493
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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