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  • 1
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    RATIR: Reionization and Transients Infra-Red Camera. A New Instrument to Identify High Red-Shift GRBs (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: We are currently constructing the cryogenic infrared portion of the RATIR instrument at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in collaboration with University of California, Berkeley (UCB) and The University of Mexico (UNAM). The infrared instrument will consist of two 2048x2048 Hawaii 2RG detectors, one on axis and one off axis using diachronic. The detectors will be operated using state-of-the-art Teledyne SIDECAR (System Image, Digitizing, Enhancing, Controlling, And Retrieving) ASICs (Application- Specific Integrated Circuits) similar to NIRSpec on JWST. The visible portion of the instrument is currently being developed at UCB consisting of two CCD imagining cameras. Once completed, the two sections will be integrated into the RATIR instrument. Mounted on a dedicated, fully-automated 1.5-m telescope, the instrument will provide rapid (〈10 min) identification of VHR GRBs allowing high-resolution spectroscopic follow-up observations with large aperture telescopes possible. The hosting Observatorio Astronomico Nacional of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), located on the Sierra de San Pedro Martir in Baja California, Mexico, provides great seeing (-1 aresec), good weather, dark skies, and significant sky coverage so that RATIR will detect a significant number of Swift afterglows. While not all GRBs will be at high red shifts, the resulting light curves, combined with X-ray/UV observations, will address several open questions, including the nature of both "dark GRBs" and the GRB emission mechanism.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: 217th American Astronomical Society (AAS) Conference; Jan 09, 2011 - Jan 11, 2011; Seattle, WA; United States
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  • 2
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    Microshutters Arrays for the JWST Near Infrared Spectrometer (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: The Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is an essential instrument for measuring the number and density evolution of galaxies following the epoch of initial formation. The NIRSpec is a multi-object spectrograph, allowing simultaneous observation of more than 100 candidate high redshift galaxies. A critical element of the instrument is the programmable field selector, the Microshutter Array. The system consists of four 175 x 384 arrays of individually openable shutters, close packed on a 100 x 200 micron pitch, which allow selection of over 200 candidate objects over the 3 min x 3 min field of the NIRSpec. We will describe the development, production, and test of this critical element of the NIRSpec.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: SPIE Conference; Jun 19, 2004 - Jun 25, 2004; Glasgow, Scotland; United Kingdom
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  • 3
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    Performance and Calibration of H2RG Detectors and SIDECAR ASICs for the RATIR Camera (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Reionization And Transient Infra,.Red (RATIR) camera has been built for rapid Gamma,.Ray Burst (GRE) followup and will provide simultaneous optical and infrared photometric capabilities. The infrared portion of this camera incorporates two Teledyne HgCdTe HAWAII-2RG detectors, controlled by Teledyne's SIDECAR ASICs. While other ground-based systems have used the SIDECAR before, this system also utilizes Teledyne's JADE2 interface card and IDE development environment. Together, this setup comprises Teledyne's Development Kit, which is a bundled solution that can be efficiently integrated into future ground-based systems. In this presentation, we characterize the system's read noise, dark current, and conversion gain.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: GSFC.CPR.00394.2012 , 15632-12 SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation Conference; Jul 01, 2012 - Jul 06, 2012; Amsterdam; Netherlands
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  • 4
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    FPGA Control System for the Automated Test of MicroShutters (2008)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: The James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled to replace the Hubble in 2013, must simultaneously observe hundreds of faint galaxies. This requirement has led to the development of a programmable transmission mask which can be adapted to admit light from an arbitrary pattern of galaxies into its spectrograph. This programmable mask will contain a large array of micro-electromechanical (MEMs) devices called MicroShutters. These microscopic shutters physically open and close like the shutter on a camera, except each shutter is microscopic in size and an array 365 by 171 is used to select the objects under spectroscopic observation at a given time, and to block the unwanted background light from other areas. NASA developed and is currently refining the exceptionally difficult process of manufacturing these shutters. This paper describes how the authors used LabVIEW FPGA and a reconfigurable I/O board to control the shutters in a test chamber and how the flexibility of the system allows us to continue to modify the control algorithms as NASA optimizes the performance of the MicroShutter arrays.
    Keywords: Space Sciences (General)
    Type: 25th Space Simulation Conference. Environmental Testing: The Earth-Space Connection; 45; NASA/CP-2008-214164
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  • 5
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    A Microshutter-Based Field Selector for JWST's Near Infared Spectrograph (2007)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: One of the James Webb Space Telescope's (JWST) primary science goals is to characterize the epoch of galaxy formation in the universe and observe the first galaxies and clusters of galaxies. This goal requires multi-band imaging and spectroscopic data in the near infrared portion of the spectrum for large numbers of very faint galaxies. Because such objects are sparse on the sky at the JWST resolution, a multi-object spectrograph is necessary to efficiently carry out the required observations. We have developed a fully programmable microshutter array that will be used as the field selector for the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on JWST. This device allows slits to be opened at the locations of selected galaxies in the field of view while blocking other unwanted light from the sky background and bright sources. In practice, greater than 100 objects within the field of view will be observed simultaneously. In this paper, we describe the microshutter arrays, their development, fabrication, testing, and progress toward delivery of flight qualified devices to the NIRSpec instrument team in 2008.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: SPIE 2007; Aug 26, 2007 - Aug 30, 2007; San Diego, CA; United States
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  • 6
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    Testing Microshutter Arrays Using Commercial FPGA Hardware (2008)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: NASA is developing micro-shutter arrays for the Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRSpec) instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). These micro-shutter arrays allow NIRspec to do Multi Object Spectroscopy, a key part of the mission. Each array consists of 62414 individual 100 x 200 micron shutters. These shutters are magnetically opened and held electrostatically. Individual shutters are then programmatically closed using a simple row/column addressing technique. A common approach to provide these data/clock patterns is to use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Such devices require complex VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) programming and custom electronic hardware. Due to JWST's rapid schedule on the development of the micro-shutters, rapid changes were required to the FPGA code to facilitate new approaches being discovered to optimize the array performance. Such rapid changes simply could not be made using conventional VHDL programming. Subsequently, National Instruments introduced an FPGA product that could be programmed through a Labview interface. Because Labview programming is considerably easier than VHDL programming, this method was adopted and brought success. The software/hardware allowed the rapid change the FPGA code and timely results of new micro-shutter array performance data. As a result, numerous labor hours and money to the project were conserved.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: SPIE 2008: Astronomical Instrumentation; Jun 23, 2008 - Jun 28, 2008; Marseille; France
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  • 7
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    High Resolution Near Infrared Spectrometer to Study the Zodiacal Light Spectrum (2008)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: We are developing a near infrared spectrometer for measuring solar absorption lines in the zodiacal light in the near infrared region. R. Reynolds at el. (2004, ApJ 612, 1206) demonstrated that observing single Fraunhofer line can be a powerful tool for extracting zodiacal light parameters based on their measurements of the profile of the Mg I line at 5184 A. We are extending this technique to the near infrared with the primary goal of measuring the absolute intensity of the zodiacal light. This measurement will provide the crucial information needed to accurately subtract zodiacal emission from the DIRBE measurements to get a much higher quality measurement of the extragalactic IR background. The instrument design is based on a dual Fabry-Perot interferometer with a narrow band filter. Its double etalon design allows to achieve high spectral contrast to reject the bright out of band telluric OH emission. High spectral contrast is absolutely necessary to achieve detection limits needed to accurately measure the intensity of the absorption line. We present the design, estimated performance of the instrument with the expected results of the observing program.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: American Astronomical Society; Jan 07, 2008 - Jan 10, 2008; Austin, TX; United States
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  • 8
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    FPGA Control System for the Automated Test of Microshutters (2008)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: The James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled to replace the Hubble in 2013, must simultaneously observe hundreds of faint galaxies. This requirement has led to the development of a programmable transmission mask which can be adapted to admit light with arbitrary pattern of galaxies into its spectrograph. This programmable mask will contain a large array of micro-electromechanical (MEMs) devices called MicroShutters. These microscopic shutters physically open and close like the shutter on a camera, except each shutter is microscopic in size and an array 365 by 171 is used to select the objects under spectroscopic observation at a given time, and to block the unwanted background light from other areas. NASA developed and is currently refining the exceptionally difficult process of manufacturing these shutters. This paper describes how the authors used LabVIEW FPGA and a reconfigurable I/O board to control the shutters in a test chamber and how the flexibility of the system allows us to continue to modify the control algorithms as NASA optimizes the performance of the MicroShutter arrays.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: 25th Space Simulation Conference; Oct 20, 2008 - Oct 23, 2008; Annapolis, MD; United States
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  • 9
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    Fabrication and Calibration of FORTIS (2011)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Johns Hopkins University sounding rocket group is entering the final fabrication phase of the Far-ultraviolet Off Rowland-circle Telescope for Imaging and Spectroscopy (FORTIS); a sounding rocket borne multi-object spectro-telescope designed to provide spectral coverage of 43 separate targets in the 900 - 1800 Angstrom bandpass over a 30' x 30' field-of-view. Using "on-the-fly" target acquisition and spectral multiplexing enabled by a GSFC microshutter array, FORTIS will be capable of observing the brightest regions in the far-UV of nearby low redshift (z approximately 0.002 - 0.02) star forming galaxies to search for Lyman alpha escape, and to measure the local gas-to-dust ratio. A large area (approximately 45 mm x 170 mm) microchannel plate detector built by Sensor Sciences provides an imaging channel for targeting flanked by two redundant spectral outrigger channels. The grating is ruled directly onto the secondary mirror to increase efficiency. In this paper, we discuss the recent progress made in the development and fabrication of FORTIS, as well as the results of early calibration and characterization of our hardware, including mirror/grating measurements, detector performance, and early operational tests of the micro shutter arrays.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: GSFC.JA.6630.2012 , UV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Space Instrumentation for Astronomy XVII Proceedings; 8145; 814508-1 - 814508-11
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  • 10
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    Low Temperature (30 K) TID Test Results of a Radiation Hardened 128 Channel Serial-to-Parallel Converter (2006)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This viewgraph presentation reviews the low temperature, Total Ionizing Dose (TID) tests of radiation hardened serial to parallel converter to be used on the James Webb Space Telescope. The test results show that the original HV583 level shifter - a COTS part -was not suitable for JWST because the supply currents exceeded specs after 20 krad( Si) .The HV584 - functionally similar to the HV583 -was designed using RHBD approach that reduced the leakage currents to within acceptable levels and had only a small effect on the level-shifted output voltage.
    Keywords: Electronics and Electrical Engineering
    Type: Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS) 2006; Sep 27, 2006 - Sep 29, 2006; Athens; Greece
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