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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Connecticut's Dioxin Ambient Air Quality Standard (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 10 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: Connecticut is the first state in the country to have adopted an ambient air quality standard for dioxins at 1 pg/m3, 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents, as annual average. This paper describes the scientific basis and the methodology used by the State Department of Health Services (the risk assessment agency) in assisting the Department of Enviromental Protection (the risk management agency) to establish a health-based dioxin standard. This standard protects the public health from the aggregate effect of all sources of dioxin emissions in the vapor and particulate phases. The risk assessment methodology included: a limit on total daily dioxin exposure from all media and sources based on reproductive effects; a multimedia nonsource-specific exposure assessment; an apportionment by media of the health-based limit (including background dosing rate); an evaluation of inhalation bioavailability and cancer risk based on a calculation of a range of upperbound cancer risk estimates using different potency, bioavailability, and particle phase assumptions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1990.tb00544.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    House Fire: A Source of Dioxins (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 10 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1990.tb01014.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model Assessment of Methyl t-Butyl Ether in Groundwater for a Bathing and Showering Determination (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 17 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that has appeared in private wells as a result of leaking underground storage tanks. Neurological symptoms (headache, dizziness) have been reported from household use of MTBE-affected water, consistent with animal studies showing acute CNS depression from MTBE exposure. The current research evaluates acute CNS effects during bathing/showering by application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) techniques to compare internal doses in animal toxicity studies to human exposure scenarios. An additional reference point was the delivered dose associated with the acute Minimum Risk Level (MRL) for MTBE established by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. A PBPK model for MTBE and its principal metabolite, t-butyl alcohol (TBA) was developed and validated against published data in rats and humans. PBPK analysis of animal studies showed that acute CNS toxicity after MTBE exposure can be attributed principally to the parent compound since the metabolite (TBA) internal dose was below that needed for CNS effects. The PBPK model was combined with an exposure model for bathing and showering which integrates inhalation and dermal exposures. This modeling indicated that bathing or showering in water containing MTBE at 1 mg/L would produce brain concentrations ˜1000-fold below the animal effects level and twofold below brain concentrations associated with the acute MRL. These findings indicate that MTBE water concentrations of 1 mg/L or below are unlikely to trigger acute CNS effects during bathing and showering. However, MTBE's strong odor may be a secondary but deciding factor regarding the suitability of such water for domestic uses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1997.tb00899.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene in Groundwater for a Bathing and Showering Determination (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 13 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: A two-step methodology is described to make a health-based determination for the bathing and showering use of the water from a private well contaminated with volatile organic chemicals. The chemical perchloroethylene (PERC) is utilized to illustrate the approach. First, a chemical-specific exposure model is used to predict the concentration of PERC in the shower air, shower water, and in the air above the bathtub. Second, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model is used to predict the concentration of PERC delivered to the target tissue, the brain, since the focus is on neurological endpoints. The simulation exercise includes concurrent dermal and inhalation routes of exposure. A reference target tissue level (RTTL) in the brain is estimated using the PBPK model. A hazard index based on this benchmark guideline is used to make a regulatory determination for bathing and showering use of the contaminated water.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1993.tb00727.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    House fire: A source of dioxins (1991)
    Springer
    Fire technology 27 (1991), S. 82-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Schlagwort(e): Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins ; polychlorinate dibenzofurans ; house fires ; medical symptoms
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01039529
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
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