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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 31 (1937), S. 186-191 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde experimentell bewiesen, daß eine geeignete Leitung (konstanter Wellenwiderstand, keine Glimmentladung), eine einmalig hindurchgehende Wanderwelle nicht merklich verzerrt, auch wenn die Leitungslänge 75 m beträgt. Man konnte also klarstellen, daß die zu Beginn des Durchbruchs auftretende Abrundung der Durchschlagskurve eine physikalische Realität ist. Es hat sich ferner bei Untersuchung der vom statischen Durchschlag herrührenden Wanderwelle gezeigt, daß der Spannungsverlauf an der Funkenstrecke, wenn der Durchschlag durch Lichtanstoßen bei kleinerer als bei statischer Spannung erfolgt, derselbe ist wie bei statischer Spannung. Besonders vorteilhaft erwies sich die benutzte Meßanordnung, wenn man parallel der zu untersuchenden Funkenstrecke sehr kleine oder sehr große Kapazität schaltete. Eine Veränderung der Steilheit ergab sich dabei nicht und dies steht im Einklang mit der Toeplerschen Theorie über die Funkenkonstante. Es wurde wiederum die sehr große Reproduzierbarkeit der Durchschlagskurve (bis zu 50 kV) nachgewiesen.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A simple acoustic decrepitometric method, with which samples of granite quartz are heated to about 600°C while the number of decrepitations are counted, has been developed to study rock samples derived from the mineralized guadalcazar granite in Mexico. Decrepitation temperatures for individual inclusions have also been determined by observing the point at which they rupture upon heating using a microscope heating stage. Decrepitation temperatures of individual fluid inclusions in granite quartz are influenced by a variety of factors notably size, shape, composition, homogenization temperature and proximity to the surface. There is a positive correlation between total decrepitation activity and fluid inclusion abundances (determined optically using point counting methods). Decrepitographs show a period of low intensity decrepitation activity below 390°C followed by a period of intensive decrepitation up to 570°C. The onset of massive decrepitation at around 390°C is constant for all samples, but variations in decrepitation activity often occur between mineralized and barren samples. These variations reflect complex differences in the fluid inclusion populations, but illustrate the potential for applying simple audio-decrepitometry as an aid to mineral exploration in granite terrains.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 206-209 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Studies of inclusions in apatites from some East African carbonatites and ijolites3 reveal that carbonate-rich and silicate-rich melts can coexist as immiscible fractions in naturally occurring ijolite magmas. The apatites come from ijolite pegmatites collected from two localities within the Usaki ...
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Vyhne-Klokoc ist die größte Fe-skarn Lagerstätte in den Westkarpathen. Sie steht in Beziehung zur Platznahme eines großen Granodiorit-Plutons in der Zentralzone eines neogenen Stratovulkans. Skarn-Vererzung ist dort zu finden, wo Apophysen des Plutons Karbonate des Basements intrudieren. In den Apophysen geht Granodiorit in Gesteine granitischer Zusammensetzung über, wobei mafische Minerale verdrängt werden und der Fe-Gehalt abnimmt. Ca-Magnetit-Exoskarne (nicht von Endoskarnen begleitet) entstanden in drei paragenetischen Stadien. Flüssigkeits-Einschluß-Daten (F1) für Quarz in Granodiorit weisen auf Unmischbarkeit von Fluiden während der frühen hydrothermalen Stadien hin. Drei Endglieder von FI liegen vor, die durch Kontinuum miteinander verbunden sind. Hochsalinare, wahrscheinlich sekundäre FI mit hohem Anteil fluider Phase (29-68 wt % NaCl eq., Th 450-570°C, bestehend aus NaCl+FeCl2+KCl) koexistieren mit Gas-reichen FI mit niedrigem aber variablem Salzgehalt (+C02). Sekundäre, wahrscheinlich spät gebildete FI (1-25 wt% NaCl eq., Hauptbestandteile NaCl+CaCl2, Th 188–283°C) bilden das andere Endglied von FI in Granodiorit-Quarz. FI aus Skarn-Granaten zeigen größere Variationen der Salinität (4-23 wt % NaCl eq., Hauptkomponenten NaCl±FeCl2+CaCl2+KCl+M9Cl2) und Th (220–370°C). Diese Zusammensetzungen sind unabhängig von der Art der Granate und dürften das Ergebnis von Mischung variabler Mengen magmatischer Fluide und meteorischer Wässer niedriger Salinität sein. FI in retrogradem Quarz, Calcit und Sphalerit zeigen zunehmend mehr verdünnte (0-4 wt% NaCI eq., Th 215–380°C), wahrscheinlich großteils meteorische Fluide mit Hinweisen auf Kochen in geringer Tiefe. Temperaturen für die Kristallisation von Chlorit wurden mit dem Chlorit-Geothermometer ermittelt; diese stimmen gut mit Th-Werten für FI in assoziierten Skarn-Mineralen überein. Änderungen der Zusammensetzung der Granit-Apophysen sind das Ergebnis von autometasomatischen Subsolidus-Reaktionen magmatischer Fluide, die sich in den Apophysen angesammelt haben, mit präexistierenden mafischen Mineralen. Solche Reaktionen erhöhen den Fe-Gehalt in den Fluiden - die potentielle Quelle für Magnetit-Skarne. Spätere Mischung mit verdünnten, kühleren Fluiden, wahrscheinlich meteorischer Herkunft, senkte Salinität und Dichte der magmatischen Fluide und erleichterte so ihren Aufstieg in die Nebengesteine. Dies führte zu metasomatischen Reaktionen und zur Ausfällung von Magnetit. Mikrothermometrische Daten von primären FI in Granat und von sekundären FI in Granodiorit-Quarz überlappen teilweise und weisen auf ähnliche Ausgangs-Fluide hin, wahrscheinlich Mischungen magmatischer und meteorischer Wässer. Geologische, petrologische, mineralogische und FI-Daten ermöglichen die Entwicklung eines integrierten Modells für die FluidEvolution bei der Bildung von Fe-Skarnen in Granodiorit-Intrusionen.
    Notes: Summary Vyhne-Klokoc, the largest Fe-Skarnn deposit in the Western Carpathians, is related to the emplacement of a large granodiorite pluton in the central zone of a Neogene stratovolcano. Skarn mineralisation is developed in places where apophyses of the pluton intruded basement carbonates. Granodiorite in the apophyses grades into rocks of granitic composition, involving the replacement of mafic minerals and a concomitant decrease in Fe-content. Ca-magnetite exoskarns (not accompanied by endoskarns) developed in three paragenetic stages. Fluid inclusion (Fl) data for quartz in granodiorite suggest the existence of aqueous fluid immiscibility during the early hydrothermal stages. Three end-members of Fis were recognised, with a continuum between all three types. High salinity, liquid-rich, probably secondary Fls (29-68 wt % NaCl eq., Th 450 to 570'C, composed of NaCl+FeCl2+KCl) coexist with vapour-rich Fls with low but variable salt contents (+CO2). Probably late secondary Fls (1-25 wt % NaCl eq., composed mainly of NaCl+CaCl2, Th 188–283°C) form the other end-member type of Fls trapped in granodiorite quartz. Fls from skarn garnets show a large variation in salinity (4-23 wt % NaCl eq., composed of NaCl±FeCl2+CaCl2+ KCl+MgCl2) and Th (220–370°C), independent of the garnet types, probably reflecting variable amounts of magmatic fluids and low salinity meteoric waters. Fls in retrograde quartz, calcite and sphalerite show progressively more dilute (0-4 wt % NaCl eq, Th 215–380°C), probably dominantly meteoric fluids with evidence for boiling at shallow depth. Chlorite crystallisation temperatures, calculated from the chlorite geothermometer, are in good agreement with the Th data for Fls in associated skarn minerals. Compositional changes in the granodiorite apophyses are the result of subsolidus autometasomatic reactions of accumulated saline magmatic fluid inside the apophyses with pre-existing mafic mineral phases. Reactions add the iron to the fluid -the potential source for magnetite skarn. Later mixing with dilute, cooler probably meteoric waters had the effect of decreasing the salinity and density of the equilibrated magmatic fluid, making it more buoyant and capable of moving out from the apophyses into the country rocks, causing metasomatic reactions and precipitating magnetite. An overlap exists between the FI microthermometry data from primary Fls in garnets and late secondary Fls in the granodiorite quartz indicating the same sources of the hydrothermal fluids - probably mixtures of magmatic and meteoric waters. Based on fluid inclusion, geological, petrological and mineralogical data, an integrated fluid evolution model involving magmatic and meteoric fluids is developed to explain the geological and fluid controls on Fe-skarn mineralization associated with granodiorite intrusions. Die Evolution von Fluiden bei Fe-skarn Mineralisation: Ein Beispiel von der Lagerstätte Vyhne-Klokoc, West-Karpathen, Slowakei.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 239 (1972), S. 215-215 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A gas extraction line has been constructed for the analysis of the small volumes of gas observed in the uniform and primary fluid inclusions within crystals of apatite from carbonatites, using samples from intrusive sovitic complexes near Homa Bay in western Kenya4. The extracted gases were ...
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 18 (1983), S. 335-347 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Fluid inclusions in granite quartz from SW England provide a record of the complex and protracted hydrothermal history of this important metallogenic province. Regional variations in terms of the different types of inclusions can be correlated on an inter-pluton scale with both the texture of the host granite and the extent to which it is mineralized. On an intra-granite scale those areas where mineralization is particularly pronounced show a higher overall inclusion abundance than areas where little or no mineralization is known to occur. The types of fluid inclusion most commonly related to Sn-W-Cu mineralization are halite-free, moderate temperature inclusions. Inclusions containing visible CO2 at room temperature are restricted to two localities in SW England. Both of these contain stockwork/vein-swarm tungsten mineralization. These regional ‘fluid inclusion anomalies’ show that fluid inclusion petrography using a simple petrographic microscope has potential application in the field of mineral exploration.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cell coat ; Macrophage ; Recognition of foreign material
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mouse peritoneal macrophage has a prominent cell coat, clearly demonstrated by ruthenium red staining, probably containing significant amounts of acidic mucosubstances and tightly adherent to the cell membrane. Aldehyde-fixed autologous red cells are recognized at the level of a protein layer which can be readily removed without removing the cell coat.
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  • 10
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