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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Social and Economic Impact of Earth Sciences (2023)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Atmospheric science. ; Ecology . ; Oceanography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Regional economics. ; Spatial economics. ; Human geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Biooceanography. ; Water. ; Regional and Spatial Economics. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Short to Medium Range Weather Forewarning System in India -- Chapter 2. Operational Seasonal Forecasting of the Southwest Monsoon Rainfall -- Chapter 3. Severe Weather Events over Indian Region: Insights from Ensemble Prediction System -- Chapter 4. Monsoon Variability and Change -- Chapter 5. Use of Remote Sensing in Weather and Climate Studies and Forecasts -- Chapter 6. Forecasting of Severe Weather Events -- Chapter 7. Weather and Climate Modelling -- Chapter 8. Operational Extended Range Forecast of Weather and Climate Over India and the Sectoral Applications -- Chapter 9. Frequency and Magnitude of Heat and Cold Waves over India -- Chapter 10. Economic Impacts of Air pollution and Fog in India and Prediction Efforts -- Chapter 11. Advances in Ocean State Forecasting and Marine Fishery Advisory Services for the Indian Ocean Region -- Chapter 12. Satellite-Based Marine Ecological Services for the Indian Ocean Region -- Chapter 13. Augmentation of Water—Can Oceans Help? -- Chapter 14. Emerging Blue Economy Paradigm and Developments in India -- Chapter 15. Coastal Research—Beach Restoration and Protection -- Chapter 16. Developing Ocean Technology -- Chapter 17. Deep Sea Mineral Resources and the Indian Perspectives -- Chapter 18. Tsunami Early Warning Services -- Chapter 19. Landslide Hazard and Monitoring -- Chapter 20. Seismic Microzonation of Indian Cities and Strategy for Safer Design of Structures -- Chapter 21. Earthquake Monitoring in India by National Center for Seismology, India.
    Abstract: This book collects research papers on the economic and social impact of earth sciences. It covers topics related to weather forecasting, climate modelling, monsoon variability, air pollution, heat and cold wave, deep sea mineral and living resources, ocean state monitoring, tsunami and earthquake monitoring, desalination, coastal research, etc. The book focuses on the activities of the Ministry of Earth Sciences, India, in promoting the societal and economic impacts of earth science research in a simple language and in the form of stories and case studies, so that people with basic science degree can understand them. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 432 p. 12 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811969294
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6929-4
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6929-4
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and temporal relationships between global land surface air temperature anomalies and Indian summer monsoon rainfall (1998)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 66 (1998), S. 157-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary Using the 60 year period (1931–1990) gridded land surface air temperature anomalies data, the spatial and temporal relationships between Indian summer monsoon rainfall and temperature anomalies were examined. Composite temperature anomalies were prepared in respect of 11 deficient monsoon years and 9 excess monsoon years. Statistical tests were carried out to examine the significance of the composites. In addition, correlation coefficients between the temperature anomalies and Indian summer monsoon rainfall were also calculated to examine the teleconnection patterns. There were statistically significant differences in the composite of temperature anomaly patterns between excess and deficient monsoon years over north Europe, central Asia and north America during January and May, over NW India during May, over central parts of Africa during May and July and over Indian sub-continent and eastern parts of Asia during July. It has been also found that temperature anomalies over NW Europe, central parts of Africa and NW India during January and May were positively correlated with Indian summer monsoon rainfall. Similarly temperature anomalies over central Asia during January and temperature anomalies over central Africa and Indian region during July were negatively correlated. There were secular variations in the strength of relationships between temperature anomalies and Indian summer monsoon rainfall. In general, temperature anomalies over NW Europe and NW India showed stronger correlations during the recent years. It has been also found that during excess (deficient) monsoon years temperature gradient over Eurasian land mass from sub-tropics to higher latitudes was directed equatowards (polewards) indicating strong (weak) zonal flow. This temperature anomaly gradient index was found to be a useful predictor for long range forecasting of Indian summer monsoon rainfall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01026631
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long Range Forecasting Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfallby a Hybrid Principal Component Neural Network Model (1999)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 71 (1999), S. 255-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary  The existing methods based on statistical techniques for long range forecasts of Indian monsoon rainfall have shown reasonably accurate performance, for last 11 years. Because of the limitation of such statistical techniques, new techniques may have to be tried to obtain better results. In this paper, we discuss the results of an artificial neural network model by combining two different neural networks, one explaining assumed deterministic dynamics within the time series of Indian monsoon rainfall (Model I) and other using eight regional and global predictors (Model II). The model I has been developed by using the data of past 50 years (1901–50) and the data for recent period (1951–97) has been used for verification. The model II has been developed by using the 30 year (1958–87) data and the verification of this model has been carried out using the independent data of 10 year period (1988–97). In model II, instead of using eight parameters directly as inputs, we have carried out Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the eight parameters with 30 years of data, 1958–87, and the first five principal components are included as input parameters. By combining model I and model II, a hybrid principal component neural network model (Model III) has been developed by using 30 year (1958–87) data as training period and recent 10 year period (1988–97) as verification period. Performance of the hybrid model (Model III) has been found the best among all three models developed. Rootmean square error (RMSE) of this hybrid model during the independent period (1988–97) is 4.93% as against 6.83%of the operational forecasts of the India Meteorological Department (IMD) using the 16 parameter Power Regression model. As this hybrid model is showing good results, it is now used by the IMD for experimental long-range forecasts of summer monsoon rainfall over India as a whole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007030050059
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Models for Long Range Forecasts of Summer Monsoon Rainfall over North West and Peninsular India (2000)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 73 (2000), S. 211-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary New models based on (a) Multivariate Principal Component Regression (PCR) (b) Neural Network (NN) and (c) Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) techniques were developed for long-range forecasts of summer monsoon (June–September) rainfall over two homogeneous regions of India, viz., North West India and Peninsular India. The PCR and NN models were developed with two different data sets. One set consisted 42 years (1958–1999) of data with 8 predictors and the other, 49 years (1951–1999) of data with 6 predictors. The predictors were subjected to the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) before model development. Two different neural networks were designed with 2 and 3 hidden neurons. To avoid the nonlinear instability, 20 ensemble runs were made while training the network and the ensemble mean results are discussed. The LDA model was developed with 42 years of data (1958–1999) for classifying three rainfall intervals with equal prior probability of 0.33. Both the PCR and NN models showed useful forecast skill for NW India and Peninsular India. Models with 8 predictors performed better than the models with only 6 predictors. The NN model with 3 hidden neurons performed better than model with 2 hidden neurons. For NW India, the NN model performed better than the PCR model. The RMSE of the NN model and PCR model with 8 predictors for NW India (Peninsular India) during the independent period 1984–99 was 12.5% (12.2%) and 12.6% (11.5%), respectively. Corresponding figures for the models with 6 predictors are 15.0% (13.0%) and 13.9% (11.4%) respectively. During the independent period, model errors were large in 1991, 1994, 1997 and 1999. However all the models showed deteriorating predictive skill after 1988, both for NW India and Peninsular India. The LDA model correctly classified 62% of grouped cases for NW India and Peninsular India. The LDA model showed better skill in classifying deficient rainfall (〈 − 8%) over NW India and excess rainfall (〉 3%) over Peninsular India.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007030050074
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lateral bud culture of papaya (Carica papaya L.) for clonal propagation (1986)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 6 (1986), S. 181-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Carica papaya ; lateral bud/shoot tip culture ; clonal propagation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lateral buds may be preferred to shoot tips for in vitro propagation of papaya because of its unbranched nature. Proliferating shoot cultures from lateral buds appeared extremely compact with shortened internodes and leaf lamina of the cytokinin level (BAP 2 μM) reported for multiple shoot production from shoot tips. ZEA (4 μM) and 2iP (8 μM) although reduced the proliferation rate, resulted in better growth of the shoot from lateral bud. Rooting was observed with IBA 20 μM but plantlets so produced remained stunted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180803
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  • 6
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    Flower-bud formation in explants of photoperiodic and day-neutral Nicotiana biotypes and its bearing on the regulation of flower formation. (1993)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-15
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    Nowcasting severe convective activity over southeast India using ground-based microwave radiometer observations (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-17
    Description: [1]  In the present study, the feasibility of nowcasting convective activity is examined by using thermodynamic indices derived from the ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) observations located at a tropical station, Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E). There is a good comparison between thermodynamic parameters derived from MWR and colocated GPS radiosonde observations, indicating that MWR observations can be used to develop techniques for nowcasting severe convective activity. Using MWR observations, a nowcasting technique was developed with the data of 26 thunderstorm cases observed at Gadanki. The analysis showed that there are sharp changes in some thermodynamic indices, such as the K index, the humidity index, precipitable water content, the stability index, and equivalent potential temperature lapse rates, about 2–4 h before the occurrence of thunderstorm. A superepoch analysis was made to examine the composite temporal variations of the thermodynamic indices associated with the occurrence of thunderstorms. The superepoch analysis revealed that 2–4 h prior to the storm occurrence, appreciable variations in many parameters are observed, suggesting thermodynamic evolution of the boundary layer convective instability. It is further demonstrated that by monitoring these variations it is possible to predict the ensuing thunderstorm activity over the region at least 2 h in advance. The association between the temporal evolution of thermodynamic indices and convective activity has been tested for the independent case of nine thunderstorms. The present results suggest that ground-based MWR observations can be used effectively to predict the occurrence of thunderstorms at least 2 h in advance.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    Characterization of atmospheric trace gases and water soluble inorganic chemical ions of PM1 and PM2.5 at Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi during 2017–18 winter (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0048-9697
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1026
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
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    Impact of different parameterization schemes on simulation of mesoscale convective system over south-east India (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-30
    Print ISSN: 0177-7971
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-5065
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Atmospheric water budget over the South Asian summer monsoon region (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-17
    Print ISSN: 0177-7971
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-5065
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by Springer
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