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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ferroglobus placidus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel hyperthermophilic archaeum that oxidizes Fe2+ at neutral pH under anoxic conditions (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 166 (1996), S. 308-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Archaea ; Hyperthermophiles ; Ferroglobus ; placidus ; Neutrophilic anaerobic Fe2+-oxidizer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A novel coccoid, anaerobic, Fe2+-oxidizing archaeum was isolated from a shallow submarine hydrothermal system at Vulcano, Italy. In addition to ferrous iron, H2 and sulfide served as electron donors. NO3 – was used as electron acceptor. In the presence of H2, also S2O3 2– could serve as electron acceptor. The isolate was a neutrophilic hyperthermophile that grew between 65° C and 95° C. It represents a novel genus among the Archaeoglobales that we name Ferroglobus. The type species is Ferroglobus placidus (DSM 10642).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050388
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thiobacillus plumbophilus spec. nov., a novel galena and hydrogen oxidizer (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 157 (1992), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Thiobacillus ; Galena ; Hydrogen oxidation ; Chemolithotrophic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract From an uranium mine three strains of rodshaped, mesophilic, chemolithoautotrophic bacteria were isolated. They grow by oxidation of H2S, galena (PbS) and H2. Anglesite (PbSO4) is formed from galena. No ferrous iron is oxidized by the isolates. They grow between pH 4 and 6.5 at temperatures of about 9 to 41°C (optimum around 27°C). The G+C content of the DNA is around 66 mol %. Based on their ability to oxidize sulfur compounds, the new organisms belong to the genus Thiobacillus. No significant homology with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Thiobacillus cuprinus was detected by DNA-DNA hybridization. Therefore the new isolates represent a new species within the genus Thiobacillus. Based on the unusual growth on galena, we name the new species Thiobacillus plumbophilus (type strain Gro 7; DSM 6690).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00245152
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermococcus alcaliphilus sp. nov., a new hyperthermophilic archaeum growing on polysulfide at alkaline pH (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 164 (1995), S. 390-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Archaea ; Hyperthermophiles ; Thermococcus alcaliphilus ; Polysulfide reduction ; Alkaline pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A novel coccoid-shaped, hyperthermophilic, heterotrophic member of the archaea was isolated from a shallow marine hydrothermal system at Vulcano Island, Italy. The isolate grew between 56 and 90° C with an optimum around 85° C. The pH range for growth was 6.5 to 10.5, with an optimum around 9.0. Polysulfide and elemental sulfur were reduced to H2S. Sulfur stimulated the growth rate. The isolate fermented yeast extract, peptone, meat extract, tryptone, and casein. Isovalerate, isobutyrate, propionate, acetate, CO2, NH3, and H2S (in the presence of S°) were detected as end products. Growth was not inhibited by H2. Based on DNA-DNA hybridization and 16S rRNA partial sequences, the new isolate represents a new species of Thermococcus, which we named Thermococcus alcaliphilus. The type strain is isolate AEDII12 (DSM 10322)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050280
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermococcus chitonophagus sp. nov., a novel, chitin-degrading, hyperthermophilic archaeum from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent environment (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 164 (1995), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsThermococcus ; Archaea ; Hyperthermophile ; Deep-sea hydrothermal vent ; Chitin ; Riftia pachyptila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract From a hydrothermal vent site off the Mexican west coast (20°50′N, 109°06′W) at a depth of 2,600 m, a novel, hyperthermophilic, anaerobic archaeum was isolated. Cells were round to slightly irregular cocci, 1.2–2.5 μm in diameter and were motile by means of a tuft of flagella. The new isolate grew between 60 and 93°C (optimum: 85°C), from pH 3.5 to 9 (optimum: pH 6.7), and from 0.8 to 8% NaCl (optimum: 2%). The isolate was an obligate organotroph, using chitin, yeast extract, meat extract, and peptone for growth. Chitin was fermented to H2, CO2, NH3, acetate, and formate. H2S was formed in the presence of sulfur. The chitinoclastic enzyme system was oxygen-stable, cell-associated, and inducible by chitin. The cell wall was composed of a surface layer of hex- americ protein complexes arranged on a p6 lattice. The core lipids consisted of glycerol diphytanyl diethers and acyclic and cyclic glycerol diphytanyl tetraethers. The G+C content was 46.5 mol%. DNA/DNA hybridization and 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that the new isolate belongs to the genus Thermococcus, representing a new species, Thermococcus chitonophagus. The type strain is isolate GC74, DSM 10152.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050262
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrite Surface Alteration of Synthetic Single Crystals as Effect of Microbial Activity and Crystallographic Orientation (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 350-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: To enhance our understanding of effects of microbially mediated pyrite dissolution and theinfluence parameters such as varied metabolism and crystallographic orientation of pyrite surfacessome dissolution experiments were performed. Microbial etching experiments on pyrite surfaces ofdifferent orientation, including {111} and {210} were devised. The experiments were performedusing two strains of thermophilic Archaea (Sulfolobus metallicus, Metallosphaera sedula).Epifluorescence microscopy observations showed that the strains attach to the mineral surface.Studies with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed cell attachment and etching effects afterone week of incubation. Surface alteration produced structures following crystallographicorientation up to several 10 μm in size. For all incubated pyrite samples it became apparent thatsurface alteration was more pronounced with M. sedula than with S. metallicus
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/39/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.20-21.350.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The unique structure of archaeal ‘hami’, highly complex cell appendages with nano-grappling hooks (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 56 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Proteinaceous, hair-like appendages known as fimbriae or pili commonly extend from the surface of prokaryotic cells and serve important functions such as cell adhesion, biofilm formation, motility and DNA transfer. Here we show that a novel group of archaea from cold, sulphidic springs has developed cell surface appendages of an unexpectedly high complexity with a well-defined base-to-top organization. It represents a new class of filamentous cell appendages, for which the term ‘hamus’ is proposed. Each archaeal cell is surrounded by a halo of about 100 hami, which mediate strong adhesion of the cells to surfaces of different chemical composition. The hami are mainly composed of 120 kDa subunits and remained stable in a broad temperature and pH range (0–70°C; 0.5–11.5). Electron microscopy and cryo-electron tomography revealed that the hamus filament possesses a helical basic structure. At periodic distances, three prickles emanate from the filament, giving it the character of industrially produced barbwire. At its distal end the hami carry a tripartite, barbed grappling hook (60 nm in diameter). The architecture of this molecular hook is reminiscent of man-made fishhooks, grapples and anchors. It appears that nature has developed a perfect mechanical nano-tool in the course of biological evolution, which also might prove useful in the field of nanobiotechnology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04294.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new phylum of Archaea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiont (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 417 (2002), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] According to small subunit ribosomal RNA (ss rRNA) sequence comparisons all known Archaea belong to the phyla Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, and—indicated only by environmental DNA sequences—to the ‘Korarchaeota’. Here we report the cultivation of a new ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/417063a
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteolysis of the major cell envelope protein of Deinococcus radiodurans remains morphologically latent (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 17 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1983.tb00384.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    II. Fine structure of S-layers (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology reviews 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6976
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: S-layers are now considered a common cell wall structure in Bacteria and Archaea as well as in some algae. Morphological and chemical studies have revealed that S-layers consist of crystalline arrays of protein or glycoprotein subunits forming oblique, square or hexagonal lattices on the cell surface. Electron microscopy and computer image enhancement techniques have been applied to obtain structural information down to the nanometer range. This chapter deals with the wide distribution of S-layers among cyanobacteria, and their morphological and chemical characterization, and the potential of high resolution electron microscopic studies applied to the cell envelope of Pyrodictium. The occurrence of S-layers in cyanobacteria was investigated by cryomethods and ultrathin sectioning. These investigations indicate that the ultrastructure of S-layers may be exploited as an auxiliary taxonomic criterion in the classification of cyanobacteria. Pyrodictium is the first organism which has shown an optimum growth temperature above 100°C. The highly irregularly shaped, flagellated cells are interconnected by extracellular tubules. The three-dimensional structure of this network was visualized with high resolution scanning electron microscopy while the fine structure of the cell wall architecture was studied in detail with various electron microscopic techniques. Both contributions demonstrate that the investigation of the fine structure of S-layers is fundamental for establishing structure-function relationships for these two-dimensional crystalline arrays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00302.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sed1p and Srl1p are required to compensate for cell wall instability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants defective in multiple GPI-anchored mannoproteins (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 52 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The covalently linked cell wall protein Ccw12p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a GPI-anchored protein (V. Mrsa et al., 1999, J Bacteriol 181: 3076–3086). Although only 121 amino acids long, the haemagglutinin-tagged protein released by laminarinase from the cell wall possesses an apparent molecular mass of 〉 300 kDa. A membrane-bound form with an apparent molecular mass of 58 kDa is highly O- and N-glycosylated and contains the GPI anchor. With a half-life of 2 min, the membrane form is transformed to the 〉 300 kDa form. The deletion mutant ccw12Δ grows slower than the wild type, is highly sensitive to Calcofluor white and contains 2.5 times more chitin. Further, compared with wild-type yeast, significantly more proteins are released from intact cells when treated with dithiothreitol. Interestingly, these defects become less pronounced when further GPI-anchored cell wall proteins are deleted. Mutant ΔGPI (simultaneous deletion of CCW12, CCW13/DAN1, CCW14, TIP1 and CWP1) is similar in many respects to wild-type yeast. To find out how the cell wall is stabilized in mutant ΔGPI, a genome-wide transcription analysis was performed. Of 159 significantly regulated genes, 14 encode either known or suspected cell wall-associated proteins. Analysis of genes affected in transcription revealed that SED1 and SRL1 in particular are required to reconstruct cell wall stability in the absence of multiple GPI-anchored mannoproteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04064.x
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