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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 75 (1969), S. 185-218 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary In a previous studyReiter andMahlman [37]3) have estimated the amount of stratospheric air intruding into the stable layer of the jet stream front in a case of cyclogenesis not accompanied by surface radioactive fallout. In the present report the same case is examined on a more general basis. Outflow from, as well as inflow into, the stratosphere is estimated over the entire thickness of the ‘tropopause gap’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 20 (1971), S. 79-84 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 25 (1977), S. 305-308 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 411-412 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 38 (1988), S. 202-214 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary In the course of studying the weather dependence of fuel requirements for space heating in buildings, extensive and detailed heat source data were developed for several urban areas. These data were subsequently used for validating urban temperature fields which were derived from an advective-thermodynamic model of urban mixing heights. Results include analyses of urban climate data for assessing model performance under varying weather conditions and for validation of model assumptions. Empirical functions for estimating stability and mixing heights in adjacent rural areas were also developed. The work of Professor Helmut Landsberg provided important guidance throughout these studies. In addition to his many original contributions, Professor Landsberg's efforts in organizing and critically defining the micro- and mesoscale concepts of importance in urban climate allowed us to proceed confidently in all stages of the experiment.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 39 (1988), S. 119-131 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary A numerical prediction model is described which uses the full set of prognostic equations on a domain roughly the size of the United States with a 96 km horizontal grid resolution and six sigma-coordinate levels. Within this grid resides a nested domain of approximately 1000×1000 km with 24 km horizontal resolution. In this nested grid only modifications to the wind field by the better resolved terrain are considered on the lowest two sigma levels. The terrain effects necessitate adjustments in the location of these two sigma levels. Adjusted wind fields cause modifications in the mass and moisture divergence fields, hence in precipitation. These modifications are averaged into the appropriate meteorological fields on the larger grid. The algorithms used by our model allow continuous interaction between both grids with high computational efficiency. The relative importance of synoptic forcing and terrain is demonstrated for the cases of the Big Thompson, Colorado, flood of 1976 and the Cheyenne, Wyoming, flood of 1985.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 30 (1981), S. 161-166 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 36 (1987), S. 161-184 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine diagnostische Analyse explosiver Zyklogenese im Lee der nordamerikanischen Rocky Mountains wird unter Verwendung synoptischer Radiosondendaten vorgestellt. Die Analysen wurden sowohl im isobaren als auch im isentropen Raum erstellt. In dieser Studie treten allgemeine Grundzüge explosiver Zyklogenese im Raume der Rocky Mountains und der europäischen Alpen auf, wovon einer während der Auslösungsphase der Zyklogenese auf der terrainmodifizierten, baroklinen Instabilität in der unteren Troposphäre und auf der raschen Intensivierung der Baroklinizität (starke Frontogenese) in den mittleren und oberen Luftschichten beruht. Während der explosiven Entwicklungsphase tragen sowohl die großräumige Wärmeadvektion, als auch die durch frontenskalige Vertikalbewegungen hervorgerufenen Wärmeeffekte im Lee des Gebirges im selben Sinn zum “spin-up” des niedertroposphärischen Vorticityfeldes durch den thermischen Vorticityeffekt bei. Wir untersuchten zusätzlich das Phänomen der Tropopausenfaltung. Wir postulieren, daß dieses. Phänomen mit rapider Polarfrontintensivierung und mit explosiver Zyklogenese in der Troposphäre gekoppelt ist.
    Notes: Summary A diagnostic analysis of explosive cyclogenesis in the lee of the Rocky Mountains in North America is presented, using the routine synoptic sounding data. The analysis is performed in both isobaric and isentropic spaces. Through this study some common features of explosive cyclogenesis in both the lee of the Rocky Mountains and the lee of the Alps in Europe are revealed, one of which, during the triggering stage of cyclogenesis, is the terrainmodified baroclinic instability in the lower tropospheric levels and a rapid intensification of the baroclinicity of the air (intense frontogenesis) in the middle and upper levels. In the explosive developing stage both the large scale thermal advection and the thermal effect due to a frontal scale vertical motion in the lee contribute in the same way to the spin-up of the vorticity field in the lower levels through the thermal vorticity influence. We also exmined the tropopause folding phenomenon. We suggest that this phenomenon is related to the rapid polar front intensification and to the explosive cyclogenesis through the troposphere.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 30 (1982), S. 187-190 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 55 (1995), S. 135-149 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary In this paper a real-time, operational weather prediction system is described which is based on the concepts of hybrid modeling, combining numerical forecasting techniques with user-interactive, graphics based post-processing tools. The system consists of 5 major components: an automated data reception and decoding module which receives raw surface and radiosonde observational data via a satellite communication link; a geographic information module structured for meterological applications; a numerical prediction module running in a fully automated mode; a display module for meteorological charts; a user-interactive GUI (graphical user interface) module whose database structure permits interaction between, and display as well as manipulation of, terrain and weather characteristics. The whole system is PC-based. Its major current applications are in support of winter highway maintenance operations. The system can easily be customized for other applications.
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