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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: The genetic programs that direct formation of the treelike branching structures of two animal organs have begun to be elucidated. In both the developing Drosophila tracheal (respiratory) system and mammalian lung, a fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway is reiteratively used to pattern successive rounds of branching. The initial pattern of signaling appears to be established by early, more global embryonic patterning systems. The FGF pathway is then modified at each stage of branching by genetic feedback controls and other signals to give distinct branching outcomes. The reiterative use of a signaling pathway by both insects and mammals suggests a general scheme for patterning branching morphogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Metzger, R J -- Krasnow, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 4;284(5420):1635-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Patterning/*genetics ; Drosophila/anatomy & histology/*embryology/genetics ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Larva/growth & development ; Lung/anatomy & histology/*embryology ; Mesoderm/metabolism ; Morphogenesis/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Trachea/anatomy & histology/embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2008-05-09
    Description: Mammalian lungs are branched networks containing thousands to millions of airways arrayed in intricate patterns that are crucial for respiration. How such trees are generated during development, and how the developmental patterning information is encoded, have long fascinated biologists and mathematicians. However, models have been limited by a lack of information on the normal sequence and pattern of branching events. Here we present the complete three-dimensional branching pattern and lineage of the mouse bronchial tree, reconstructed from an analysis of hundreds of developmental intermediates. The branching process is remarkably stereotyped and elegant: the tree is generated by three geometrically simple local modes of branching used in three different orders throughout the lung. We propose that each mode of branching is controlled by a genetically encoded subroutine, a series of local patterning and morphogenesis operations, which are themselves controlled by a more global master routine. We show that this hierarchical and modular programme is genetically tractable, and it is ideally suited to encoding and evolving the complex networks of the lung and other branched organs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892995/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892995/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Metzger, Ross J -- Klein, Ophir D -- Martin, Gail R -- Krasnow, Mark A -- R01 CA078711/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA078711-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA078711-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA078711-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA078711-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL075769/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL075769-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL075769-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL075769-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL075769-04/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):745-50. doi: 10.1038/nature07005. Epub 2008 May 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and HHMI, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5307, USA. ross.metzger@ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18463632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Body Patterning/genetics/*physiology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 10/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lung/*anatomy & histology/cytology/*embryology/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Organogenesis/genetics/*physiology ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-07-19
    Description: During early lung development, airway tubes change shape. Tube length increases more than circumference as a large proportion of lung epithelial cells divide parallel to the airway longitudinal axis. We show that this bias is lost in mutants with increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 activity, revealing a link between the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and the control of mitotic spindle orientation. Using a mathematical model, we demonstrate that change in airway shape can occur as a function of spindle angle distribution determined by ERK1/2 signaling, independent of effects on cell proliferation or cell size and shape. We identify sprouty genes, which encode negative regulators of fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10)-mediated RAS-regulated ERK1/2 signaling, as essential for controlling airway shape change during development through an effect on mitotic spindle orientation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4260627/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4260627/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tang, Nan -- Marshall, Wallace F -- McMahon, Martin -- Metzger, Ross J -- Martin, Gail R -- 5T32HL007185/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA131201/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA131261/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA78711/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DE17744/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM077004/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 15;333(6040):342-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1204831.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Cell Polarity ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Shape ; Cell Size ; Epithelial Cells/cytology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 10/genetics/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lung/cytology/*embryology/metabolism ; *MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/*metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/*metabolism ; Mitosis ; Models, Biological ; *Morphogenesis ; Mutation ; Organogenesis ; Phosphoproteins/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics/*metabolism ; Respiratory Mucosa/cytology/*embryology ; Spindle Apparatus/*physiology/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Communications in mathematical physics 212 (2000), S. 277-296 
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract: In a previous work [M], we proved the existence of absolutely continuous invariant measures for contracting Lorenz-like maps, and constructed Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen measures f or the flows that generate them. Here, we prove stochastic stability for such one-dimensional maps and use this result to prove that the corresponding flows generating these maps are stochastically stable under small diffusion-type perturbations, even though, as shown by Rovella [Ro], they are persistent only in a measure theoretical sense in a parameter space. For the one-dimensional maps we also prove strong stochastic stability in the sense of Baladi and Viana[BV].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1966-08-15
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1980-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1976-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1985-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1981-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1970-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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