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  • 1
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    Diabetic hyperglycaemia activates CaMKII and arrhythmias by O-linked glycosylation (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-01
    Description: Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is an enzyme with important regulatory functions in the heart and brain, and its chronic activation can be pathological. CaMKII activation is seen in heart failure, and can directly induce pathological changes in ion channels, Ca(2+) handling and gene transcription. Here, in human, rat and mouse, we identify a novel mechanism linking CaMKII and hyperglycaemic signalling in diabetes mellitus, which is a key risk factor for heart and neurodegenerative diseases. Acute hyperglycaemia causes covalent modification of CaMKII by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). O-GlcNAc modification of CaMKII at Ser 279 activates CaMKII autonomously, creating molecular memory even after Ca(2+) concentration declines. O-GlcNAc-modified CaMKII is increased in the heart and brain of diabetic humans and rats. In cardiomyocytes, increased glucose concentration significantly enhances CaMKII-dependent activation of spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release events that can contribute to cardiac mechanical dysfunction and arrhythmias. These effects were prevented by pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAc signalling or genetic ablation of CaMKIIdelta. In intact perfused hearts, arrhythmias were aggravated by increased glucose concentration through O-GlcNAc- and CaMKII-dependent pathways. In diabetic animals, acute blockade of O-GlcNAc inhibited arrhythmogenesis. Thus, O-GlcNAc modification of CaMKII is a novel signalling event in pathways that may contribute critically to cardiac and neuronal pathophysiology in diabetes and other diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3801227/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3801227/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erickson, Jeffrey R -- Pereira, Laetitia -- Wang, Lianguo -- Han, Guanghui -- Ferguson, Amanda -- Dao, Khanha -- Copeland, Ronald J -- Despa, Florin -- Hart, Gerald W -- Ripplinger, Crystal M -- Bers, Donald M -- 1R01HL118474-01A1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL080101/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL107153/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01HL080101/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01HL107153/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P30 AG010129/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P30AG010129/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK061671/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL030077/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL105242/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL111600/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL118474/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01DK61671/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01HL111600/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R37 HL030077/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R37HL30077/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL086350/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32HL86350/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Oct 17;502(7471):372-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12537. Epub 2013 Sep 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylglucosamine/metabolism ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications/enzymology/*metabolism ; Benzylamines/pharmacology ; Brain/drug effects/enzymology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/*metabolism ; Diabetes Complications/enzymology/*metabolism ; Diazooxonorleucine/pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Glucose/metabolism/pharmacology ; Glycosylation/drug effects ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/complications/enzymology/*metabolism ; Mice ; Myocardium/cytology/enzymology ; Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology/metabolism ; Rats ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Sulfonamides/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Regenerable thermal control and carbon dioxide control techniques for use in advanced extravehicular protective systems (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The most promising closed CO2 control concept identified by this study is the solid pellet, Mg(OH2)2 system. Two promising approaches to closed thermal control were identified. The AHS system uses modular fusible heat sinks, with a contingency evaporative mode, to allow maximum EVA mobility. The AHS/refrigerator top-off subsystem requires an umbilical to minimize expendables, but less EVA time is used to operate the system, since there is no requirement to change modules. Both of these subsystems are thought to be practical solutions to the problem of providing closed heat rejection for an EVA system.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Second Conf. on Portable Life Support Systems; p 139-157
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    The SERI solar energy storage program (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: In support of the DOE thermal and chemical energy storage program, the solar energy storage program (SERI) provides research on advanced technologies, systems analyses, and assessments of thermal energy storage for solar applications in support of the Thermal and Chemical Energy Storage Program of the DOE Division of Energy Storage Systems. Currently, research is in progress on direct contact latent heat storage and thermochemical energy storage and transport. Systems analyses are being performed of thermal energy storage for solar thermal applications, and surveys and assessments are being prepared of thermal energy storage in solar applications. A ranking methodology for comparing thermal storage systems (performance and cost) is presented. Research in latent heat storage and thermochemical storage and transport is reported.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Thermal Energy Storage; p 361-374
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Thermal performance test of the A-2H Apollo Extravehicular Mobility Unit, volume I (1965)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Thermal and pressure evaluation testing for Apollo Extravehicular Mobility Unit /EMU/
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-65280
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Advanced Extravehicular Protective System (AEPS) study (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A summary is presented of Advanced Extravehicular Protective Systems (AEPS) for the future missions beyond Skylab in earth orbit, on the lunar surface, and on the Martian surface. The study concentrated on the origination of regenerable life support concepts for use in portable extravehicular protective systems, and included evaluation and comparison with expendable systems, and selection of life support subsystems. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, subsystem concepts for performing life support functions in AEPS which are regenerable or partially regenerable were originated, and in addition, expendable subsystems were considered. Parametric data for each subsystem concept were evolved including subsystem weight and volume, power requirement, thermal control requirement; base regeneration equipment weight and volume, requirement. The second phase involved an evaluation of the impact of safety considerations involving redundant and/or backup systems on the selection of the regenerable life support subsystems. In addition, the impact of the space shuttle program on regenerable life support subsystem development was investigated.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-114382 , T141RP007
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Development of a refrigeration system for lunar surface and spacecraft applications (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An evaluation of refrigeration devices suitable for potential lunar surface and spacecraft applications was performed. The following conclusions were reached: (1) the vapor compression system is the best overall refrigeration system for lunar surface and spacecraft applications and the single phase radiator system is generally preferred for earth orbit applications, (2) the vapor compression cycle may have some application for simultaneous heating and cooling, (3) a Stirling cycle refrigerator was selected for the manned cabin of the space shuttle, and (4) significant increases in payload heat rejection can be obtained by a kit vapor compression refrigerator added to the shuttle R-21 loop. The following recommendations were made: (1) a Stirling cycle refrigerator may be used for food freezer and biomedical sample storage, (2) the best system for a food freezer/experiments compartment for an earth orbit space station has not been determined, (3) a deployed radiator system can be designed for large heat loads in earth orbit.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-147761 , T122-RP-046
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  • 7
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    Evaluation and selection of refrigeration systems for lunar surface and space applications (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Evaluated are the various refrigeration machines which could be used to provide heat rejection in environmental control systems for lunar surface and spacecraft applications, in order to select the best refrigeration machine for satisfying each individual application and the best refrigeration machine for satisfying all of the applications. The refrigeration machine considered include: (1) vapor comparison cycle (work-driven); (2) vapor adsorption cycle (heat-driven); (3) vapor absorption cycle (heat-driven); (4) thermoelectric (electrically-driven); (5) gas cycle (work driven); (6) steam-jet (heat-driven).
    Keywords: THERMODYNAMICS AND COMBUSTION
    Type: NASA-CR-115352 , T122RP04
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Space-suit carbon dioxide absorption system: A concept (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide within a space suit is maintained at safe levels by regenerating carbon dioxide with potassium hydroxide solution on board spacecraft or by portable units.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES
    Type: ARC-10546
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Food and medical sample freezer kit concept for Shuttle (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A variety of food and storage of samples can be provided by a Space Shuttle Orbiter Freezer Kit. The proposed concept is an integrated package consisting of four -23 C (-10 F) storage compartments and a Stirling cycle refrigeration unit. The Stirling cycle mechanical refrigeration was selected over alternative systems for superior efficiency and safety. The trade-offs and a conceptual design of the system are presented.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: ASME PAPER 77-ENAS-23 , Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 11, 1977 - Jul 14, 1977; San Francisco, CA; US
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Shuttle Spacelab Core Equipment Freezer (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper describes the preliminary design of a Shuttle Spacelab Core Equipment Freezer. The unit will provide the capability to freeze and store many experiment specimens. Two models of the unit are planned. One model provides storage at -70 C; the other model will provide -70 C storage, a freeze dry capability, storage at a selectable temperature in the range of 0 C to -70 C, and means of maintaining close temperature tolerances. In addition an exchanger loop will be available at 4 C for cooling of a centrifuge and a remote storage compartment. A test tube holder, a dish holder and thermal capacitors for rapid freezing of large specimens will also be provided. A Stirling Cycle was selected as the active refrigerator for minimum cost and weight.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: AIAA PAPER 77-765 , Thermophysics Conference; Jun 27, 1977 - Jun 29, 1977; Albuquerque, NM
    Format: text
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