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  • 1
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    Lack of acidification in Mycobacterium phagosomes produced by exclusion of the vesicular proton-ATPase (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-04
    Description: The success of Mycobacterium species as pathogens depends on their ability to maintain an infection inside the phagocytic vacuole of the macrophage. Although the bacteria are reported to modulate maturation of their intracellular vacuoles, the nature of such modifications is unknown. In this study, vacuoles formed around Mycobacterium avium failed to acidify below pH 6.3 to 6.5. Immunoelectron microscopy of infected macrophages and immunoblotting of isolated phagosomes showed that Mycobacterium vacuoles acquire the lysosomal membrane protein LAMP-1, but not the vesicular proton-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) responsible for phagosomal acidification. This suggests either a selective inhibition of fusion with proton-ATPase-containing vesicles or a rapid removal of the complex from Mycobacterium phagosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sturgill-Koszycki, S -- Schlesinger, P H -- Chakraborty, P -- Haddix, P L -- Collins, H L -- Fok, A K -- Allen, R D -- Gluck, S L -- Heuser, J -- Russell, D G -- AI26889/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI34207/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AR42370/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):678-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antigens, CD ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Leishmania mexicana/physiology ; Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins ; Macrophages/metabolism/*microbiology/parasitology/ultrastructure ; Membrane Fusion ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Mycobacterium avium/*physiology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology ; Phagosomes/metabolism/*microbiology/parasitology/ultrastructure ; Proton-Translocating ATPases/*metabolism ; Vacuoles/metabolism/microbiology/parasitology/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Fast axonal transport in extruded axoplasm from squid giant axon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Development of video-enhanced contrast-differential interference contrast for light microscopy has permitted study of both orthograde and retrograde fast axonal transport of membranous organelles in the squid giant axon. This process was found to continue normally for hours after the axoplasm was extruded from the giant axon and removed from the confines of the axonal plasma membrane. It is now possible to follow the movements of the full range of membranous organelles (30-nanometer vesicles to 5000-nanometer mitochondria) in a preparation that lacks a plasma membrane or other permeability barrier. This observation demonstrates that the plasma membrane is not required for fast axonal transport and suggests that action potentials are not involved in the regulation of fast transport. Furthermore, the absence of a permeability barrier surrounding the axoplasm makes this an important model for biochemical pharmacological, and physical manipulations of membranous organelle transport.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brady, S T -- Lasek, R J -- Allen, R D -- GM27284/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS07118/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15731/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183745" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/physiology ; Animals ; *Axonal Transport ; Axons/*physiology ; Biological Transport, Active ; Cell-Free System ; Cytoplasmic Granules/physiology ; Cytoskeleton/physiology ; Decapodiformes ; Intracellular Membranes/physiology ; Microscopy/methods ; Microtubules/physiology ; Motion Pictures as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Fast axonal transport in squid giant axon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Video-enhanced contrast-differential interference contrast microscopy has revealed new features of axonal transport in the giant axon of the squid, where no movement had been detected previously by conventional microscopy. The newly discovered dominant feature is vast numbers of "submicroscopic" particles, probably 30- to 50-nanometer vesicles and other tubulovesicular elements, moving parallel to linear elements, primarily in the orthograde direction but also in a retrograde direction, at a range of steady velocities up to +/- 5 micrometers per second. Medium (0.2 to 0.6 micrometer) and large (0.8 micrometer) particles move more slowly and more intermittently with a tendency at times to exhibit elastic recoil. The behavior of the smallest particles and the larger particles during actual translocation suggests that the fundamental processes in the mechanisms of organelle movement in axonal transport are not saltatory but continuous.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allen, R D -- Metuzals, J -- Tasaki, I -- Brady, S T -- Gilbert, S P -- GM 27284/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS07118/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15731/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1127-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183744" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Axonal Transport ; Axons/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; Decapodiformes ; Microscopy/methods ; Motion Pictures as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Streaming in Cytoplasm Dissociated from the Giant Amœba, Chaos Chaos (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 187 (1960), S. 896-899 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE driving mechanism of amoeboid movement (and its accompanying cytoplasmic streaming) has always been considered to be a property of the amoeboid cell as a whole. We wish to report new findings which demonstrate that the cytoplasm can be removed from an amoeba in a state in which it displays ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/187896a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Observations on Cell Architecture and Dynamics by Video-Enhanced Contrast Optical Microscopy (1985)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure 14 (1985), S. 265-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6589
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bb.14.060185.001405
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic Streaming in Amoeboid Movement (1978)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure 7 (1978), S. 469-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6589
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bb.07.060178.002345
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic Streaming in Green Plants (1978)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure 7 (1978), S. 497-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6589
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bb.07.060178.002433
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced tolerances of transgenic tobacco plants expressing both superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase in chloroplasts against methyl viologen-mediated oxidative stress (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In order to better understand the role of antioxidant enzymes in plant stress protection mechanisms, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) plants were developed that overexpress both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in chloroplasts. These plants were evaluated for protection against methyl viologen (MV, paraquat)-mediated oxidative damage both in leaf discs and whole plants. Transgenic plants that express either chloroplast-targeted CuZnSOD (C) or MnSOD (M) and APX (A) were developed (referred to as CA plants and AM plants, respectively). These plant lines were crossed to produce plants that express all three transgenes (CMA plants and AMC plants). These plants had higher total APX and SOD activities than non-transgenic (NT) plants and exhibit novel APX and SOD isoenzymes not detected in NT plants. As expected, transgenic plants that expressed single SODs showed levels of protection from MV that were only slightly improved compared to NT plants. The expression of either SOD isoform along with APX led to increased protection while expression of both SODs and APX provided the highest levels of protection against membrane damage in leaf discs and visual symptoms in whole plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00870.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct observations on generative cells isolated from pollen grains of Haemanthus katherinae baker (1986)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 5 (1986), S. 306-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Generative cells from mature pollen grains of Haemanthus katherinae Baker (African blood lily) were isolated by means of a simple squash method and observed by differential interference contrast (DIC), fluorescence and polarizing microscopy. The isolated cells appeared structurally similar to those observed in vivo and gave no evidence of a typical cell wall. Their viability was confirmed using the fluorescein diacetate test. The cell shape changed rapidly as the sucrose concentration of the medium was varied. The squash method of isolating generative cells holds promise for the direct and experimental study of these cells, especially in the living state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269829
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of high purity, anionic polymerization grade alkyl methacrylate monomers (1986)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 15 (1986), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A method has been developed which provides very pure alkyl methacrylate monomers for anionic polymerization. This method takes advantage of the chemistry of trialkylaluminum compounds-their reactivity with alcohols and moisture, and their complex formation with methacrylic esters which facilitates titration of impurities. When coupled with previously known polymerization techniques, this purification methodology allows for both the synthesis of narrow distribution poly(alkyl methacrylates) of controlled and predictable molecular weight and for the utilization of a wide variety of methacrylate monomers. The procedure described herein should be equally applicable to group transfer polymerization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263389
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