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    Extreme Weather Events and Internal Migration: Evidence from Mongolia (2022)
    In:  Economics of Disasters and Climate Change
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    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This article examines the effects of extreme weather events on internal migration in Mongolia. Our focus is on dzuds , extremely harsh winters characterized by very cold temperature, snowfall anomalies, and/or storms causing very high livestock mortality. We exploit exogenous variation in the intensity of extreme winter events across time and space to identify their causal impacts on permanent domestic migration. Our database is a time series of migration and population data at provincial and district level from official population registries, spanning the 1992-2018 period. Results obtained with a two-way fixed effects panel estimator show that extreme winter events cause significant and sizeable permanent out-migration from affected provinces for up to two years after an event. These effects are confirmed when considering net change rates in the overall population at the district level. The occurrence of extreme winter events is also a strong predictor for declines in the local population of pastoralist households, the socio-economic group most affected by those events. This suggests that the abandonment of pastoralist livelihoods is an important channel through which climate affects within-country migration.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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    Impacts of Anticipatory Cash Transfers in the Context of Weather Disasters (2024)
    RWI – Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
    In:  Ruhr Economic Papers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: Anticipatory humanitarian assistance is a novel approach to aid in the context of weather disasters, drawing on meteorological forecasts. Using a randomized study design, we analyze the impact of anticipatory cash transfers distributed to pastoralist households in Mongolia during an extreme winter event. We do not find overall effects on livestock assets, income, investments, or consumption across the study population. No heterogenous effects are found for different levels of disaster intensity. However, there is robust evidence that cash transfers benefited households with lower pre-treatment wealth. The paper concludes by highlighting practical challenges in evaluating (anticipatory) humanitarian interventions.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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