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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A view of Neandertal genetic diversity (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 26 (2000), S. 144-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The retrieval of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from the Neandertal type specimen from Feldhofer Cave in western Germany made possible a comparison of DNA sequences from an extinct hominid with those from modern humans. Recently, a second mtDNA sequence from a Neandertal child found in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/79855
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-component carbon isotope evidence of early Holocene environmental change and carbon-flow pathways from a hard-water lake in northern Sweden (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 18 (1997), S. 219-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: northern Sweden ; stable carbon isotopes ; carbon isotope fractionation ; limnic sediments ; Holocene ; lake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A 9000-year carbonate-rich sediment sequence from a small hard-water lake in northernmost Sweden was studied by means of multi-component stable carbon isotope analysis. Radiocarbon dating of different sediment fractions provides chronologic control and reveals a rather constant hard-water effect through time, suggesting that the lake has remained hydrologically open throughout the Holocene. Successive depletion of 13C in fine-grained calcite and carbonate shells during the early Holocene correlate with a change in catchment vegetation from pioneer herb communities to boreal forest. The vegetational change and associated soil development likely gave rise to an increased supply of 13C-depleted carbon dioxide in groundwater recharging the lake. This process is therefore believed to be the main cause of decreasing values of δ13C in dissolved inorganic carbon of the lake and thereby in limnic carbonates. Strongly 13C-depleted sedimentary organic matter may be related to enhanced kinetic fractionation during photosynthetic assimilation by means of proton pumping in Characean algae. This interpretation is supported by a substantial offset between δ13C of DIC as recorded by mollusc shells and δ13C of fine-grained calcite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007953614927
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Geomagnetic dipole moment variations for the last glacial period inferred from cosmogenic radionuclides in Greenland ice cores via disentangling the climate and production signals (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, 258, pp. 106881
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-29
    Description: The geomagnetic dipole moment (GDM) modulates the production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides via the shielding of galactic cosmic rays. Therefore, it is possible to use this linkage to reconstruct past changes in the GDM based on cosmogenic radionuclide records from natural archives such as ice cores. Here we present a GDM reconstruction based on 10Be and 36Cl data from two Greenland ice cores from 11.7 ka to 108 ka b2k (before A.D. 2000). We find that the cosmogenic radionuclide records reflect a mixture of climate and production effects that require separation to evaluate the changes in the GDM. To minimize climate-related variations on isotope data, we applied a multi-linear correction method by removing common variability between 10Be and 36Cl and climate parameters (accumulation rates, δ18O and ion data) from radionuclide records. The resulting “climate corrected” radionuclide data are converted to GDM using a theoretical production model. Comparison of “climate corrected” radionuclides based GDM reconstructions with independent paleomagnetic-derived GDM records shows a good agreement. Furthermore, the “climate correction” leads to an improved agreement with GDM reconstructions than simply using radionuclide fluxes, lending support to the validity of our correction method to isolate production rate changes from ice core radionuclide records. With this correction method, we can extend the GDM reconstructions based on the cosmogenic radionuclides in ice cores to a period when there is a strong climate signal in the data.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Solar activity of the past 100 years inferred from 10Be in ice cores – implications for long-term solar activity reconstructions (2021)
    John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, n/a(n/a), pp. e2020GL090896
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-29
    Description: Differences between 10Be records from Greenland and Antarctica over the last 100 years have led to different conclusions about past changes in solar activity. The reasons for this disagreement remain unresolved. We analyze a seasonally resolved 10Be record from a firn core (NEEM ice core project) in Northwestern Greenland for 1887-2002. By comparing the NEEM data to 10Be data from the NGRIP and Dye3 ice cores, we find that the Dye3 data after 1958 are significantly lower. These low values lead to a normalization problem in solar reconstructions when connecting 10Be variations to modern observations. Excluding these data strongly reduces the differences between solar reconstructions over the last 2000 years based on Greenland and Antarctic 10Be data. Furthermore, 10Be records from polar regions and group sunspot numbers do not support a substantial increase in solar activity for the 1937-1950 period as proposed by previous extensions of the neutron monitor data.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Age determination of sediment core Kråkenes_502-47-01
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gulliksen, Steinar; Birks, Hilary H; Possnert, Göran; Mangerud, Jan (1998): A calendar age estimate of the Younger Dryas-Holocene boundary at Kråkenes, western Norway. The Holocene, 8(3), 249-259, https://doi.org/10.1191/095968398672301347
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: The Younger Dryas/Holocene transition (YD/H) in the sediments of Kråkenes Lake, western Nor way, is well marked both lithologically and palaeobiologically at 756.5 cm in the investigated core. A series of 70 AMS radiocarbon dates on terrestrial plant macrofossils and the NaOH-soluble fraction of lake sediment was measured between 585 and 840 cm, covering the time span c. 10 440 to 7915 BP on the radiocarbon timescale. Forty-three of these dates above 760 cm were wiggle-matched against the German oak-pine dendro calibration curve (IntCal 93) with recent corrections in both the oak and the pine sections. With an increase in age of the pine dendro-series of 200 6 20 yr, the calendar age of the YD/H lithostratigraphic boundary at Kråkenes is estimated to 11 530 (+40 -60) cal. BP. By using a date of 9750 BP (11 170 cal. BP) on the transition between the 10 000 and 9600 14C plateaux as a time marker, this result is compared with recent results from other archives. It is consistent with many of them, including the GRIP ice core, German pine series, Lake Go?ciaz, south Swedish lakes, and Baltic varves, suggesting that the Younger Dryas-Holocene transition in the North Atlantic region occurred within the range 11 500-11 600 cal. BP.
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard deviation; Comment; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Kråkenes_502-47-01; Kråkenes Lake, Norway; PC; Piston corer; Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North; QUEEN; QUEEN_Exped; Sample code/label; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 559 data points
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  • 6
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    Beryllium-10, mineralogy and grain size distribution of DSDP Hole 68-502B (Table 1)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Aldahan, Ala; Possnert, Göran (1998): A high-resolution 10Be profile from deep sea sediment covering the last 70 ka: indication for globally synchronized environmental events. Quaternary Science Reviews, 17(11), 1023-1032, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(97)00089-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: We present a high-resolution 10Be profile from deep sea sediments (sampled from Hole 502B in the Caribbean sea) that strongly resembles the 10Be record in ice core profiles, particularly the Vostok core from Antarctica. This high-resolution profile revealed occurrences of enhanced 10Be concentrations at about 23-24, 37-39 and 60-65 ka. The excellent match between these peaks appearing in a georeservoir profile other than in polar ice, strengthens the implications that can be inferred from 10Be and provide global markers for chronological correlation of climatic events. The position at low latitude of the studied sediment section is, unlike the case with the high latitude polar regions, excellent for exposing causes of modulation in 10Be production. We interpret the source of the pattern and enhancements, particularly the 37-39 ka peak, of 10Be to be global and do not strictly relate to climatic conditions and/or production rates specific to the polar regions.
    Keywords: 68-502B; Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS); Age, 14C AMS; Age, dated; Age, dated standard deviation; Age model; Age model, stable isotope stratigraphy; Beryllium-10; Beryllium-10, standard deviation; Calcite; Calcium carbonate; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; Clay minerals; Deep Sea Drilling Project; Density; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Feldspar; Glomar Challenger; Grain size, CILAS 715 B Laser Particle Analyser; Leg68; Quartz; Size fraction 〈 0.002 mm, clay; Size fraction 〉 0.064 mm; Size fraction 0.006-0.002 mm; Size fraction 0.032-0.006 mm; Size fraction 0.064-0.032 mm; X-ray diffraction (XRD)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 615 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Age determination, Beryllium analysis, and mineral composition of two sediment cores of the Arctic Ocean covering the past 350 kyr
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Records of 10Be, 9Be, mineralogy and grain size were obtained from two cores collected by the Polarstern Expedition 1991 in the southern Nansen Basin (PS2213-6) and the Yermak Plateau (PS2208-2). The accumulation of sediments examined started from about 350 kyr (BP), and includes relatively well defined trends of Be isotopes coincident with interglacial/glacial climatic cycles. Sediment accumulation rates (g/cm**2/kyr) were higher during glacial periods and our estimates of 1.0 and 2.5 cm/kyr sedimentation rates during the Holocene agree with other estimates for the southern Nansen Basin and the Yermak Plateau, respectively. The variations in 10Be concentration (atoms/g) and flux (atoms/cm**2/kyr) are inverse to sediment flux, where high 10Be concentration and flux are associated with generally low sedimentation/accumulation rates during interglacial periods. We hypothesize that climate plays an important role in 10Be records from the Arctic sediments, reflecting the intensity and distribution of the ice mass on land and the ocean.
    Keywords: ARK-VIII/3; Giant box corer; Giant piston corer; GKG; GPC; Nansen Basin; Polarstern; PS19/234; PS19/246; PS19 ARCTIC91; PS2208-2; PS2213-2; PS2213-6; Yermak Plateau
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Annual 10Be concentrations from Lakes Tiefer See and Czechowskie AD1983-2009 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Czymzik, Markus; Muscheler, Raimund; Brauer, Achim; Adolphi, Florian; Ott, Florian; Kienel, Ulrike; Dräger, Nadine; Słowiński, Michał; Aldahan, Ala; Possnert, Göran (2015): Solar cycles and depositional processes in annual 10Be from two varved lake sediment records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 428, 44-51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.037
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Beryllium 10 concentrations (10Becon) were measured at annual resolution from varved sediment cores of Lakes Tiefer See (TSK) and Czechowskie (JC) for the period 1983-2009 (~solar cycles 22 and 23). Calibrating the 10Becon time-series against complementing proxy records from the same archive as well as local precipitation and neutron monitor data, reflecting solar forced changes in atmospheric radionuclide production, allowed (i) identifying the main depositional processes and (ii) evaluating the potential for solar activity reconstruction. 10Becon in TSK and JC sediments are significantly correlated to varying neutron monitor counts (TSK: r=0.5, p=0.05, n=16; JC: r=0.46, p=0.03, n=22). However, the further correlations with changes in organic carbon contents in TSK as well as varying organic carbon and detrital matter contents in JC point to catchment specific biases in the 10Becon time-series. In an attempt to correct for these biases multiple regression analysis was applied to extract an atmospheric 10Be production signal (10Be atmosphere). To increase the signal to noise ratio a 10Be composite record (10Be composite) was calculated from the TSK and JC 10Be atmosphere time-series. 10Becomposite is significantly correlated to variations in the neutron monitor record (r=0.49, p=0.01, n=27) and matches the expected amplitude changes in 10Be production between solar cycle minima and maxima. This calibration study on 10Be from two sites indicates the large potential but also, partly site-specific, limitations of 10Be in varved lake sediments for solar activity reconstruction.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    10Be concentrations in Lakes Tiefer and Czechowskie sediments during three grand solar minima (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Czymzik, Markus; Muscheler, Raimund; Adolphi, Florian; Mekhaldi, Florian; Dräger, Nadine; Ott, Florian; Słowiński, Michał; Blaskiewicz, Mirsolaw; Aldahan, Ala; Possnert, Göran; Brauer, Achim (2018): Synchronizing 10Be in two varved lake sediment records to IntCal13 14C during three grand solar minima. Climate of the Past, 14, 687-696, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-687-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Time-scale uncertainties between paleoclimate reconstructions often inhibit studying the exact timing, spatial expression and driving mechanisms of climate variations. Detecting and aligning the globally common cosmogenic radionuclide production signal via a curve fitting method provides a tool for the quasi-continuous synchronization of paleoclimate archives. In this study, we apply this approach to synchronize 10Be records from varved sediments of Lakes Tiefer See and Czechowskie covering the Maunder-, Homeric- and 5500 a BP grand solar minima with 14C production rates inferred from the IntCal13 calibration curve. Our analyses indicate best fits with 14C production rates when the 10Be records from Lake Tiefer See were shifted for 8 (-12/+4) (Maunder Minimum), 31 (-16/+12) (Homeric Minimum) and 86 (-22/+18) years (5500 a BP grand solar minimum) towards the past. The best fit between the Lake Czechowskie 10Be record for the 5500 a BP grand solar minimum and 14C production was obtained when the 10Be time-series was shifted 29 (-8/+7) years towards present. No significant fits were detected between the Lake Czechowskie 10Be records for the Maunder- and Homeric Minima and 14C production, likely due intensified in-lake sediment resuspension since about 2800 a BP, transporting 'old' 10Be to the coring location. Our results provide a proof of concept for facilitating 10Be in varved lake sediments as novel synchronization tool required for investigating leads and lags of proxy responses to climate variability. However, they also point to some limitations of 10Be in these archives mainly connected to in-lake sediment resuspension processes.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 10
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    Annual 10Be concentrations from Lake Czechowskie AD1988-2009 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Keywords: Age; Beryllium-10; Lake_Czechowskie; Poland
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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