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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Electrochimica Acta 15 (1970), S. 147-159 
    ISSN: 0013-4686
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Computational Physics 81 (1989), S. 53-69 
    ISSN: 0021-9991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Computational Physics 74 (1988), S. 41-60 
    ISSN: 0021-9991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 25 (1974), S. 734-739 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The influence of imposed protection currents on the efficiency of inhibitors for cooling watersIn case where the cathodic protection of a cooling system is not feasible a combination of cathodic protection and inhibition may be of advantage. The authors have studied the potential influence of a direct current on the efficiency of an inhibitor; during the experimental work they have used a current intensity corresponding to the maximum intensity of the protection current used in practice. Using potentiokinetic methods they have found that the number of inhibitors which may be used in such conditions is rather small. In the case of inhibitors based on nitrites or amines the protecting efficiency is rather reduced after some hundred hours' operation under direct current, and in some case even a corrosion stimulation has been experienced. Inhibitors based on chromates and anticorrosion oil emulsions exhibit improved electrochemical stability, though, in the case of oils emulsion breaking must be taken into account after relatively short durations of operation.
    Notes: In Fällen, wo der kathodische Schutz eines Kühlsystems schwer durchführbar ist, erweist sich eine Kombination von kathodischem Schutz und Inhibierung als vorteilhaft. Die Verfasser untersuchten mögliche Einflüsse von Gleichstrom auf die Wirksamkeit von Inhibitoren; bei diesen Versuchen arbeiteten sie mit einer Stromstärke, welche der maximalen in der Praxis verwendeten Schutzstromstärke entsprach. Mit Hilfe von potentiokinetischen Methoden wurde gefunden, daß die zahl der unter diesen Bedingungen verwendbaren Inhibitoren sehr klein ist. Im Falle von Inhibitoren auf Basis von Nitriten oder Aminen verringert sich schon nach einigen Stunden Gleichstromeinwirkung die Schutzwirkung und in manchen Fällen zeigt sich sogar eine stimulierende Wirkung. Die Inhibitoren auf Basis von Chromaten oder Korrosionsschutzölemulsionen sind hingegen elektrochemisch gut beständig im Falle der Öle ist jedoch damit zu rechnen, daß die Emulsion schon nach verhältnismäßig kurzer Betriebsdauer bricht.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 303-311 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Electrochemical behaviour of materials in sulfide containing mediaThe corrosion behaviour of metallic materials in waters containing hydrogen sulfide and considerable chloride amounts (130 g/l) depends on composition and structure of the materials (ferrous and nonferrous) as well as on the gas contents (in particular hydrogen) in the medium. Electrochemical measurements show that several materials exhibit to passivation ranges (-500 m V and -200 m V) the latter being characteristic of materials having better corrosion resistance.
    Notes: Das Korrosionsverhalten von metallischen Werkstoffen in Wasser mit Schwefelwasserstoff und höheren Chloridkonzentrationen (130 g/l) ist abhängig von Zusammensetzung und Gefüge der Werkstoffe (Eisen und Nichteisenmetalle) und vom Gasgehalt (besonders Wasserstoff) des Mediums. Elektrochemische Messungen zeigen, daß mehrere Werkstoffe zwei Passivitätsbereiche aufweisen (-500 m V und -200 m V), wobei der letzte Potentialbereich für die Werkstoffe charakteristisch ist, die höhere Korrosionsbeständigkeit besitzen.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 27 (1976), S. 425-431 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Testing and Selecting Cavitation InhibitorsAn investigation has been made into possibility of using electrochemical procedures as well as the gravimetrical method for testing cavitation inhibitors. The relation between the structure of the inhibitor, the nature and form of the cavitation attack and the mechanism of destruction was also examined. This work was performed with a group of conventional cooling water inhibitors and some pyridine compounds.It was shown that electrochemical investigations are less suitable for enabling inhibitors to be selected for high cavitation intensities, because electrochemical losses amount to only a relatively small part of the total loss of material. Nevertheless they are indispensable as a supplement to magnetostrictive investigations for appraising the overall performance of an inhibitor, because it has been found that a good cavitation inhibitor does not always achieve the same success against electrochemical corrosion.Furthermore it was demonstrated that interface inhibitors generally yield better results than membrane inhibitors or passivators. The protection afforded by interface inhibitors depends on their structure, the chain length and in the case of the pyridine components investigated the nature and position of the substituents in the pyridine ring.
    Notes: Es wurde untersucht, ob für die Erprobung von Kavitationsinhibitoren neben der gravimetrischen Methode auch elektrochemische Prüfverfahren eingesetzt werden können. Es wurde ferner der Zusammenhang zwischen Struktur des Inhibitors, Art und Form des Kavitationsangriffes und Mechanismus der Zerstörung untersucht. Diese Arbeit wurde mit einer Gruppe herkömmlicher Kühlwasserinhibitoren sowie mit einigen Pyridinverbindungen durchgeführt.Wie es sich zeigte, sind elektrochemische Untersuchungen weniger geeignet, eine Inhibitorauswahl bei hohen Kavitationsintensitäten zu ermöglichen, da die elektrochemische Metallauflösung nur einen relativ kleinen Teil des gesamten Abtrags ausmacht. Sie sind aber als Ergänzung zu magnetostriktiven Untersuchungen für die Beurteilung des Gesamtverhaltens eines Inhibitors unbedingt notwendig, da es sich gezeigt hat, daß nicht immer ein guter Kavitationsinhibitor mit demselben Erfolg gegen elektrochemische Korrosion eingesetzt werden kann.Wie sich außerdem herausstellte, liefern Grenzflächeninhibitoren in der Norm bessere Resultate als Membraneninhibitoren oder Passivinhibitoren. Bei den Grenzflächeninhibitoren ist die Schutzwirkung von der Struktur des Inhibitors abhängig, wobei insbesondere Kettenlänge und - bei den untersuchten Pyridinverbindungen - Art und Stellung der Substituenten eine wichtige Rolle spielen.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 27 (1976), S. 693-697 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Material tests at high-velocity flowsA corrosion test rig was developed making possible visual observation of the behaviour of metal when exposed to corrosive environments, such as aggressive media at high or low velocities. Pressures up to 15 bar, temperatures up to 150 °C are possible. Fluid velocities range from 5 to 80 m/s, or even to 100 m/s for short runs. Boiler water, seawater and various acids are the media used. Test runs with different test materials using hot brine as electrolyte have shown, that the behaviour of the material can be evaluated after a short run time.
    Notes: Für die Untersuchungen von Korrosionsvorgängen wurde eine Prüfeinrichtung entwickelt. Diese Anlage ermöglicht es, gravimetrische und elektro-chemische Messungen durchzuführen und die Vorgänge während der Prüfzeit optisch zu beobachten. Der Einsatzbereich erstreckt sich auf Drücke bis max. 15 bar, Temperaturen bis + 150°C und Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten bis zu 100 m/s, wobei auch aggressive Medien verwendet werden können. Mi Hilfe dieser Einrichtung wurde die Erosionskorrosionsbeständigkeit von verschiedenen Werkstoffen in heißen Solen untersucht. Es zeigte sich, daß schon nach verhältnismäßig kurzer Zeit eine Differenzierung der Werkstoffe möglich ist.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 7 (1991), S. 25-41 
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A mesh of prismatic or tetrahedral elements automatically generated from an initial triangular grid is used to integrate 3-D flow equation in space. Many numerical comparisons between these two models have been performed. The results show that integration with tetrahedrons is as accurate as integration with prisms but much more efficient. The CPU time of solution with prismatic elements is about three times greater than that required employing tetrahedral elements.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 4 (1988), S. 139-157 
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A numerical study of the efficiency of the modified conjugate gradients (MCG) is performed using different preconditioning schemes. The MCG behavior is evaluated in connection with the solution of large linear sets of symmetric positive definite (p.d.) equations, arising from the finite element (f.e.) integration of partial differential equations of parabolic and elliptic type and the analysis of the leftmost eingenspectrum of the corresponding matrices. A simple incomplete Cholesky factorization ICCG(O) having the same sparsity pattern as the original problem is compared with a more complex technique ICAJ (Ψ) where the triangular factor is allowed to progressively fill in depending on a rejection parameter Ψ. The performance of the preconditioning algorithms is explored on finite element equations whose size N ranges between 150 and 2300. The results show that an optimal Ψopt may be found which minimizes the overall CPU time for the solution of both the linear system and the eigenproblem. The comparison indicates that ICAJ (Ψopt) is not significantly more efficient than ICCG(O), which therefore appears to be a simple, robust, and reliable method for the preconditioning of large sparse finite element models.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 5 (1989), S. 107-120 
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A numerical study of the efficiency of the generalized conjugate residual methods (GCR) is performed using three different preconditioners all based upon an incomplete LU factorization. The GCR behavior is evaluated in connection with the solution of large, sparse unsymmetric systems of equations, arising from the finite element integration of the diffusion-convection equation for 2-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D problems with different Peclet and Courant numbers. The order of the test matrices ranges from 450 to 1700. Results from a set of numerical experiments are presented and comparisons with preconditioned GCR methods and with direct method are carried out.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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