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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation into the linkage isomerism of the sulfamidate group: a quantitative assessment using ESCA (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 24 (1985), S. 1179-1182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00202a013
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of 5-azauracil (C3H3N3O2) and its hydrolysis product (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 18 (1988), S. 333-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compounds cocrystallize in space groupP¯1:a=8.773(3),b=9.14(3),c=14.062(4) Å, α=81.38(7), β=71.76(3), γ=82.96(8)°,U=1055.5 Å3,Z=4 (two independent molecules each of azauracil, its hydrolysis product, and water in the asymmetric unit). The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares methods toR=0.059 for 2911 observed reflections. Unusually, the crystal contains both the parent molecule and its hydrolysis product in a hydrogen-bonded complex. The hydrogen bonding results in the formation of essentially planar layers of molecules which are held together by dispersion forces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01195686
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis and characterisation of dithiouracil complexes of rodium(III), irdium(III), palladium(II) and palatinum(II) (1983)
    Springer
    Transition metal chemistry 8 (1983), S. 343-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-901X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Complexes of dithiouracil with rhodium(III), iridium(III), palladium(II) and platinum(II) have been prepared. The structures of the complexes have been ascertained using infrared and ESCA, and the results compared to those from other pyrimidine complexes. The complexes consist of chelating ligands bound either octahedrally to rhodium or iridium, or square planar complexes with palladium and platinum. In both cases the ligand used the N(3) and the C=S moieties to bind, although in the case of the divalent metals the ligand is anionic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00618568
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface ozonation and photooxidation of polyethylene film (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 2047-2055 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films were oxidized by treatment with ozone and by photooxidation with a low-pressure mercury lamp. The changes that resulted in the surfaces of the films were followed by ESCA. On ozonation, the surface of LDPE initially is oxidized more rapidly than that of HDPE; however, extended ozonation produces a surface composition that corresponds to C8O for HDPE and to C18O for LDPE. The surface oxidation products are mainly carboxyl groups, with lower levels of carbonyl and C—O groups. For both polymers photooxidation provides more extensively oxidized surfaces than ozonation, although the surface of HDPE oxidizes slightly faster than that of LDPE treated under identical conditions. In both cases the surface stoichiometry after extensive photoxidation is C6O. The functional groups formed are mainly carboxyl and C—O. The effects of ozonation and photooxidation on the polyethylene surfaces are compared with those produced by several other means of surface oxidation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170210715
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESCA and contact-angle studies of the surface modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) film: Photooxidation and aging (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 419-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ESCA and contact-angle (H2O and CH2I2) measurements are used to follow changes in the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) film photooxidized (254 nm radiation in O2) for varying times, followed by aging for as many as three weeks or washing with water. Photooxidation occurs uniformly throughout the outermost 50 Å of the film to give a surface stoichiometry that corresponds to C10O6.6. Oxidation produces mainly carboxyl (acid) and alcohol/phenol groups, carbonyls form after extensive treatment. Low molecular weight products formed by chain scission and oxidation are removed by washing and diffuse into the bulk when aged. Oxidized products in higher molecular weight chains are not removed by washing, but can diffuse into the polymer bulk or reorient because of their chain mobility; therefore they are directed toward the polymer bulk rather than the surface. Extended photooxidation produces a stable oxidized surface more resistant to aging changes. The results are compared with those obtained for poly(ethylene terephthalate) film oxidized in an electrical discharge.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170220213
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of ESCA to polymer chemistry. XII. Structure and bonding in commercially produced fluorographites (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 14 (1976), S. 2941-2967 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of fluorinated graphites, Fluorographites, of varying fluorine content has been examined by ESCA, and the chemical shifts and relative intensities of the core electron lines yield a consistent picture of the compositions and structures in the surface regions of the materials. Fluorographites of composition (C1F0.81)n to (C1F1.00)n are fully fluorinated in the outermost ∼40 Å and consist of a bulk structure composed of tertiary →CF groups with —CF2— groups at the prismatic edges of the fluorinated graphite layers. This is also the case for (C1F1.05)n, but, in addition, some of the C—C bonds involving edge →CF carbons are broken and replaced by C—F bonds, giving a higher concentration of —CF2— groups at the outermost surfaces of the particles of this material. The ESCA data for (C1F0.25)n are consistent with a structure comprising six-membered aromatic rings in which each ring carbon is attached to a →CF group acting as a bridge among three similar rings, with the C—F bonds alternately pointing up and down with respect to the plane defined by the carbon atoms. At the immediate surface the valence requirements of the carbon atoms at the prismatic edges of the graphite-like layers are satisfied by bonding with oxygen. This is also the apparent structure of (C1F0.37)n, but in addition there exist discrete regions of composition (C1F1)n distributed uniformly throughout this material. The Fluorographites (C1F0.34)n, and (C1F0.40)n, and (C1F0.63)n consist of blocks of C1F1 stoichiometry and blocks of unreacted graphite. The presence of —CF2— groups and the complete absence of oxygen in the surface regions of these Fluorographites suggests that the prismatic edge sites are fully fluorinated. The inhomogeneous block-like structures of (C1F0.37)n, (C1F0.37)n, and (C1F0.34)n, (C1F0.40)n, and (C1F0.63)n, give rise to differential sample charging, resulting in apparent shifts in the binding energy scales between the spectral components originating from different regions of the samples. Such differential sample charging is also described for a number of mixtures of the Fluorographites and of graphite with the Fluorographites. It is pointed out that in view of these results it is necessary to exercise considerable caution in using the ESCA lines of an added compound as a reference in measuring core electron-binding energies.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1976.170141210
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ESCA study of the surface ozonation of polystyrene film (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 1797-1805 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polystyrene film was treated with 0.27 mol % ozone in oxygen at room temperature. Changes in the surface were monitored by ESCA. Reaction occurred uniformly in at least the outermost 60 Å of the film. Reaction was rapid, giving a surface composition that corresponded to C1.8O after about 8 h, with no apparent yellowing or embrittlement of the polymer. Ether, ketone, and carboxyl groups were formed at uniform, but not equal, rates in the outer 60 Å of the polymer. With short reaction times the less highly oxidized groups were the main oxidation product, but after about 4 h the highly oxidized groups predominated. The aromatic rings underwent reaction as indicated by the rapid disappearance of the C1s shake-up satellites on ozonation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170200713
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photooxidation of the surfaces of polyphenylene oxide and polysulfone (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3761-3772 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Changes in the composition and structure of the surfaces of polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and polysulfone caused by UV photooxidation are followed using ESCA. The surface stoichiometry of PPO changes from C8O1 to C8O4.8 on photooxidation, the oxygen being added in the form of carbonyl and especially carboxyl groups. Surface photooxidation is rapid, the ESCA spectra showing substantial changes after a few minutes of irradiation, and no further changes being detected after 10 h of reaction. The surface photooxidation of polysulfone occurs in three stages. In the first 2 h rapid oxidation takes place at carbon atoms, the levels of C - O, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups increasing at comparable rates. This is followed by slower oxygen incorporation up to 15 h of reaction, during which time carbonyl and carboxyl levels increase and oxidation of the sulfone sulfur is observed. Some degradation occurs as groups containing carbon and oxygen are lost from the surface. Further oxidation then produces a decrease in the surface levels of C - O and carbonyl groups, and further degradation. The photooxidized surface has a stoichiometry of C10O6S, compared with C27O4S in the unreacted polymer.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070261122
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some observations on the interpretation of ESCA spectra of fluorine containing polymers and their relation to the degree of crystallinity, to the surface tension, and to the content of adsorbed gas (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 2139-2148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An analysis is presented of recently published data concerning the ESCA spectra of some fluorine containing polymers. The claim that the ESCA data may be directly related to degree of crystallinity and to surface tension and content of adsorbed gas is examined and shown to be incorrect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1976.021770718
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational preferences of 2-methoxy-acetophenone (1984)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 22 (1984), S. 477-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the basis of the presence or absence of long-range spin-spin coupling constants between side-chain and ring nuclei in 2-methoxyacetophenone, some literature ambiguities about the conformational preferences of the side-chains in this compound can be resolved. The long-range coupling between the methoxy protons and the ring proton ortho to the methoxy group, 5J(H, CH3)o, is (-)0.28 ± 0.02 Hz, as expected for a conformation in which the methoxy group lies in the benzene plane and cis to H-3. The methyl protons of the acetyl group do not couple to H-6, implying that this methyl group does not approach H-6 closely. However, the 13C nucleus of this methyl group couples by +0.4 Hz to H-5 and not to H-3. This stereospecific five-bond coupling implies that the acetyl group predominantly prefers an arrangement in which the carbonyl group lies trans to the other substituent, as would be expected electrostatically. Large twists out of the ring plane are not consistent with the observed couplings.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270220802
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