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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 82 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: Thirty four Thermus aquaticus strains have been isolated from the non-volcanically naturally heated waters of the Australian Artesian Basin which extends the known ecological habitat of this group of organisms. A simple and rapid method developed for isolation of plasmids indicated that considerable variation in numbers and molecular sizes existed within the 23 strains that were investigated. Dissimilar plasmid profiles were obtained from the strains that been isolated from the source waters and those that had been isolated from the runoff channels formed by these source waters.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fermentation of dilute acid hydrolysed pine could be achieved by all of 18 thermophilic glycolytic anaerobic bacteria tested, while only seven isolates representing the species Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum, Thermoanaerobium brockii and Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus were able to ferment undiluted hydrolysate. A strain of C. thermohydrosulfuricum, designated Rt8.B1, was notably better at fermenting the hydrolysate and was studied further. Studies showed that glucose and xylose present in the hydrolysate were utilized simultaneously, a phenomenon which also occurred in a medium containing glucose and xylose as the added carbohydrates.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 37 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new, extremely thermophilic, anaerobic, chemo-organotrophic bacterium was isolated from intertidal habitats where seepage of geothermally heated water occurs. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern and the presence of muramic acid strongly suggest an eubacterial nature of the novel isolate. Growth was measured between pH 4.8–8.2 (optimal pH 7.0) and at temperatures up to 90°C with a doubling time of 50 min at optimal temperatures of 80–85°C. This is the highest optimal growth temperature for an eubacterium described so far.The Gram-negative, non-motile, non-sporulating, short rod to coccal shaped cells were enclosed in a sphere-like cell envelope protruding from either end. A wide range of carbohydrates, including xylose, glucose, fructose, maltose, starch, carboxymethylcellulose, and amylopectin were used in an obligately fermentative metabolism.Morphological, physiological and molecular properties (mol% G + C = 46) are distinct from other known extremely thermophilic eubacterial genera.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A Gram-negative sporulating thermophilic anaerobe, designated AB11Ad, was isolated from the heated waters of the Great Artesian Basin of Australia. It grew on a variety of carbohydrates including glucose, starch, and dextran and produced a thermostable and thermoactive extracellular endo-dextranase. The enzyme was produced more actively under pH controlled continuous culture conditions than under batch conditions. Ammonium sulfate precipitated crude dextranase exhibited a temperature optimum of 70 °C and a pH optimum between 5 and 6. The half life was ~ 6.5 h at 75 °C and 2 h at 80 °C at pH 5.0 and in the absence of added dextran. 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that isolate AB1 lAd was a member of the genus Thermoanaerobacter.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 113 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The 16S rRNA gene of the thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using two eubacterial consensus oligodeoxynucleotide primers flanking the majority of the 16S rRNA gene, cloned, and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that D. thermobenzoicum belongs to the Gram-positive (low G + C content) branch and is more related to the thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium, D. australicum than the moderate thermophile D. nigrificans, or the mesophiles D. orientis, and D. ruminis. This relationship is further strengthened by the presence of an unusual idiosyncrasy in helix 6 of the 16S rRNA gene of D. thermobenzoicum resembling that of D. australicum but not found in other desulfotomacula species and in any other bacteria sequenced to date.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 26 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Electron and light microscopy revealed the presence of spirochetes in New Zealand thermal springs. The spirochete population in one spring studied (Kuirau Lake) was affected by fluctuations in temperature and/or pool level. A pure culture of the strictly anaerobic bacterium revealed that it grew optimally at a temperature of 45–50°C, with no growth occurring above 60°C, and a pH of 7.0–7.5 with no growth occurring at pH 5.5 or 8.5. Growth was inhibited by chloramphenicol, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and neomycin but not by d-cycloserine, novobiocin or phosphomycin at 10 μg/ml. A wide range of carbohydrates were utilized but not organic acids. Acetate was the major end product of glucose fermentation with substantial amounts of ethanol and traces of lactate being produced.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The 16S rRNA gene (rDNA) sequence analysis of four halophilic anaerobes: Halobacteroides halobius, H. lacunaris, Haloanaerobacter (Hb.) chitinovorans and H. acetoethylicus confirmed that they were all members of the family Haloanaerobiaceae. H. lacunaris and H. halobius were found to be more closely related to each other and were distantly related to Sporohalobacter lortetti and the members of the genera Haloanaerobium and Halothermothrix. These data are in agreement with their assignment to the genus Halobacteroides. Further analysis indicated that Hb. chitinovorans was closely affiliated to members of the genus Halobacteroides, and therefore we propose to transfer it to the genus Halobacteroides as H. chitinovorans comb. nov. This transfer would invalidate the genus Haloanaerobacter, as Hb. chitinovorans is the only member of this genus. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis of H. acetoethylicum indicated that it was very closely related to members of the genus Haloanaerobium, viz. Haloanaerobium (Ha.) praevalens, Ha. salsugo, and Ha. alcaliphilum, and hence we propose to transfer it to the genus Haloanaerobium as Ha. acetoethylicus comb. nov.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 115 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1490 nucleotides of the 16S rRNA gene of a Gram-negative, thermophilic and gliding bacterium, Thermonema lapsum, have been sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that T. lapsum is related to cytophaga-flavobacteria-bacteriodes (CFB) and is confirmed by the identification signature nucleotides that define this group. Further phylogenetic analysis indicates that T. lapsum forms the deepest branch in the CFB group; this observation was confirmed by the identification of unique nucleotide and nucleotide pairs which separate T. lapsum from all other members of this group. The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profile also confirmed that T. lapsum is related to the cytophaga-flavobacteria-bacteroides group and also to selected members of the genus Flexibacter; the PLFA profile is unique to T. lapsum.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 107 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phylogenetic position of Dictyoglomus thermophilum has been determined by comparative sequence analysis of in vitro amplified 16S rRNA genes from the type strain as well as from a Dictyoglomus isolate. Results indicate that it forms a deep branch within the phylum of Thermotogales or may even represent its own phylum. It does not contain signature sequences within the 16S rRNA which could relate it to the Thermotogales group.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 30 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An anaerobic ethanologenic strain of extremely thermophilic bacteria isolated from a New Zealand hot spring resembled Thermoanaerobium brockii in morphology and cell-wall ultrastructure. However, antibodies produced against the New Zealand isolate did not crossreact with the type strain of T. brockii. The New Zealand isolate strain Tok6-B1 fermented a wider range of carbohydrate substrates, including pentoses, and was less inhibited by a hydrogen atmosphere. Ethanol and acetate were major end-products and lactate a minor product of glucose fermentation. Under a hydrogen atmosphere, these 3 end-products were formed in approximately equal amounts.
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