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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of epitaxial growth of PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 on SrRuO3 and La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 549-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report structural and ferroelectric properties of epitaxial PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 thin films on SrRuO3 and La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 grown on (100) LaAlO3 single crystal substrates, where all the films were deposited by the pulsed-laser deposition method. While the PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 film on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/LaAlO3 shows (00l)-oriented heteroepitaxial growth with a rhombohedral structure, the PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 film on SrRuO3/LaAlO3 shows a tetragonal mixture of (00l) and (h00) heteroepitaxial growth and the (00l)-oriented rhombohedral heteroepitaxial growth. The mixture of the rhombohedral and the tetragonal structures of the PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 film on SrRuO3/LaAlO3 influences the ferroelectric properties by domain pinning. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124418
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electric field dependence of ferroelectric phase transition in epitaxial SrTiO3 films on SrRuO3 and La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 435-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on the electric field dependence of ferroelectric phase transition in epitaxial SrTiO3 (STO) thin films grown by the pulsed-laser ablation deposition method. Metallic oxides SrRuO3 (SRO) and La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) were used as the bottom electrodes, and the bottom electrodes influence the dielectric properties of STO films. The change in the dielectric properties originates from the different work functions and the lattice mismatches among STO film, the bottom electrode, and the substrate. However, the field-induced ferroelectric phase transition temperatures of the STO/SRO/(100) STO and the STO/LSCO/(100) LaAlO3 systems are proportional to the applied electric field, indicating a field-induced first-order ferroelectric phase transition. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.127001
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conductivity of plasma-sprayed titanium oxide (rutile) coatings
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Thin Solid Films 201 (1991), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-6090
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0040-6090(91)90149-R
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (Z)-9-tetradecenal: a potent inhibitor of pheromone-mediated communication in the oriental tobacco budworm moth, Helicoverpa assulta (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 177 (1995), S. 695-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Helicoverpa assulta ; Sex pheromone ; Inhibitor ; Interspecific interruption ; Field experiments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The behavioural significance of (Z)-9-tetradecenal to male H. assulta was tested by comparing the number of moths attracted to lures containing a standard synthetic female sex pheromone with lures in which (Z)-9-tetradecenal was also added. The standard pheromone mixture used contained 1000 μg (Z)-9-hexadecenal, 50 μg (Z)-11-hexadecenal, 300 μg (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate and 15 μg (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate impregnated on rubber septa. Addition of (Z)-9-tetradecenal to the standard pheromone was shown to significantly reduce the caught of male H. assulta when added in amounts greater than 10 μg or 1% of the major pheromone component in both field and net-house experiments. The reduction in catch was found to be dependent on the quantity of (Z)-9-tetradecenal added to the standard pheromone. The implications of these results on conspecific and inter-specific pheromone-mediated communication in H. assulta and related sympatric heliothine species is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187628
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A family of implicit partitioned time integration algorithms for parallel analysis of heterogeneous structural systems (2000)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 24 (2000), S. 463-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An implicit time integration algorithm is presented for the solution of linear structural dynamics problems on parallel computers. The present algorithm is derived from the partitioned equations of motion for a structure which consist of the equilibrium equations of each substructure due to its deformation energy, the self-equilibrium condition for each substructure under rigid-body motions, the partition boundary displacement compatibility condition and Newton's 3rd law along the partition boundary forces. A novel feature of the present algorithm is a flexibility normalization along the partitioned boundary nodes by using a localized version of the method of Lagrange multipliers, thus making the algorithm insensitive to both material and kinematic heterogeneities among the partitioned substructures. Numerical performance of the present algorithm demonstrates both its simplicity and efficiency. Hence, we recommend it for production analysis of heterogeneous structures modeled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004660050006
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A localized version of the method of Lagrange multipliers and its applications (2000)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 24 (2000), S. 476-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a novel version of the method of Lagrange multipliers for an improved modeling of multi-point constraints that emanate from contact-impact problems, partitioned structural analysis using parallel computers, and structural inverse problems. It is shown that the classical method of Lagrange multipliers can lead to a non-unique set of constraint conditions for the modeling of interfaces involving more than two or multi-point substructural interface nodes. The proposed version of the method of Lagrange multipliers leads not only to unique construction of constraints but also encounters no singularity in modeling an arbitrary number of multi-point constraints. An important utilization of the present method is in the regularized modeling of interfaces whose rigidities are radically different from one to another. The present approach is demonstrated via several examples for its simplicity in modeling constraints, ease of implementation and computational advantages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004660050007
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Female sex pheromone of oriental tobacco budworm,Helicoverpa assulta (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Identification and field testing (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 403-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Helicoverpa assulta ; Heliothis ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; hexadecanal ; (Z)-9-hexadecenal ; (Z)-11-hexadecenal ; hexadecyl acetate ; (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate ; (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate ; hexadecan-1-ol ; (Z)-9-hexadecen-1-ol ; (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol ; sex pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of ovipositor washings from virgin femaleHelicoverpa assulta (Guenée) (Lepidoptere: Noctuidae) from Korea by gas chromatography (GC) linked to electroantennography and GC linked to mass spectrometry resulted in the identification of nine compounds, hexadecanal, (Z)-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, hexadecyl acetate, (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate, (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, hexadecan-l-ol, (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-ol, and (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol. However, ovipositor washings from females from Thailand contained mainly the 16-carbon aldehydes with very small amounts of (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate. Field tests conducted in Korea, China, and Thailand indicated that a binary blend of (Z)-9-hexadecenal and (Z)-11-hexadecenal was sufficient for attraction, although the most attractive ratio of compounds varied with location. In Korea a 20∶1 blend of compounds was the most attractive, while in Thailand a 7.5∶1 blend was most attractive. In China both blends of hexadecenal isomers were equally attractive. Addition of the hexadecenyl acetates to the 20∶1 blend of hexadecenals in the ratio of 1∶3.3 increased the trap catch of maleH. assulta compared to lures containing the aldehydes alone in Korea but reduced trap catch in China. Addition of the hexadecenyl acetates to the 7.5∶1 blend of hexadecenals had no significant effect on trap catch in Thailand or China compared to the aldehydes alone. The addition of the 16-carbon alcohols to the aldehydes had a significantly inhibitory effect in all three countries, suggesting they are not pheromone components. Taken together these results indicate thatH. assulta is polymorphic with at least two populations responding to different sex pheromones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994240
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrapopulational changes in sex pheromone composition during scotophase in oriental tobacco budworm,Helicoverpa assulta (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 22 (1996), S. 1201-1210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Helicoverpa assulta ; Noctuidae ; Lepidoptera ; calling behavior ; sex pheromone composition ; (Z)-9-hexadecenal ; (Z)-11-hexadecenal ; (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate ; (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Solvent extracts of individual pheromone glands were prepared from femaleHelicoverpa assulta (Guenée) at 2-hr intervals throughout the scotophase. The amounts of female sex pheromone components, (Z)-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate, and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, in the extracts were determined by gas chromatographic analysis. Although females called from early scotophase (2 hr) until late scotophase (6 hr) the quantity of extracted pheromone remained high at 8 hr, the end of the scotophase. More than 70% of the pheromone gland extracts contained sex pheromone components regardless of whether the donor females had been called or resting. Pheromone components were absent from gland extracts prepared at the onset of the scotophase. The quantity of (Z)-9-hexadecenal and (Z)-11-hexadecenal increased rapidly to reach a maximum of approximately 260 and 30 ng/female, respectively, that was maintained for up to 8 hr, the duration of the scotophase. The quantity of (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate increased continuously during the scotophase to peak at 600 and 30 ng/female, respectively, 8 hr into the scotophase. At the end of scotophase the quantity of all pheromone components decreased significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02027955
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A family of solution algorithms for nonlinear structural analysis based on relaxation equations (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1337-1347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A family of hierarchical algorithms for nonlinear structural equations are presented. The algorithms are based on the Davidenko-Branin type homotopy and shown to yield consistent hierarchical perturbation equations. The algorithms appear to be particularly suitable to problems involving bifurcation and limit point calculations. An important by-product of the algorithms is that they provide a systematic and economical means for computing the stepsize at each iteration stage when a Newton-like method is employed to solve the systems of equations. Some sample problems are provided to illustrate the characteristics of the algorithms.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180906
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved strain interpolation for curved C° elements (1986)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 22 (1986), S. 281-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The strain energy of straight beam members derived from the isoparametric shape functions is known to be invariant with respect to the number of integration points as long as they exceed a minimum number. However, this invariant property is generally lost for curved members. For example, the two-point integrated, membrane strain energy of curved beams by employing the quadratic shape functions is different from the three-point integrated one. This paper presents an invariant strain interpolation scheme for quadratic curved beam elements, which can lead to improved membrane representations in curved shell elements, thus resolving the perplexing membrane-bending coupling difficulties in thin shell analysis.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620220121
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