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  • 1
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    Characterization of Heat Melt Compactor (HMC) Product Water (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: The Heat Melt Compactor (HMC) is designed to sterilize and process wastes produced during space missions. Benefits of the HMC include reduction of biohazards to the crew, reduction in volume of wastes that would otherwise require storage, production of radiation shielding tiles, and recovery of water and other resources. Water reuse is critical onboard spacecrafts; it reduces the need for resupply missions and saves valuable storage space. The main sources of water in HMC batches are food, beverages, shampoo, disinfecting wipes, toothpaste, and diapers. Water reclaimed by the HMC was analyzed for concentrations of Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, NO2-, Br-, NO3-, PO43-, SO42-, total organic carbon (TOC), total inorganic carbon (TIC), % total solids, and pH. The data are discussed in relation to the current water input characteristics established for the International Space Station Water Processor Assembly system. Batches with higher than average amounts of food produced HMC product water with higher sulfate content, and batches with higher proportions of disinfectant wipes and food yielded HMC product water with higher ammonium concentration. We also compared theoretical chemical composition of HMC product water based on food labels and literature values to experimental results.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN7571 , International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES); Jul 14, 2013 - Jul 18, 2013; Vail, CO; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Development of the Plastic Melt Waste Compactor- Design and Fabrication of the Half-Scale Prototype (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A half scale version of a device called the Plastic Melt Waste Compactor prototype has been developed at NASA Ames Research Center to deal with plastic based wastes that are expected to be encountered in future human space exploration scenarios such as Lunar or Martian Missions. The Plastic Melt Waste Compactor design was based on the types of wastes produced on the International Space Station, Space Shuttle, MIR and Skylab missions. The half scale prototype unit will lead to the development of a full scale Plastic Melt Waste Compactor prototype that is representative of flight hardware that would be used on near and far term space missions. This report details the progress of the Plastic Melt Waste Compactor Development effort by the Solid Waste Management group at NASA Ames Research Center.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: SAE-05ICES-210 , 35th International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 11, 2005 - Jul 14, 2005; Rome; Italy
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Impact of Water Recovery from Wastes on the Lunar Surface Mission Water Balance (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Future extended lunar surface missions will require extensive recovery of resources to reduce mission costs and enable self-sufficiency. Water is of particular importance due to its potential use for human consumption and hygiene, general cleaning, clothes washing, radiation shielding, cooling for extravehicular activity suits, and oxygen and hydrogen production. Various water sources are inherently present or are generated in lunar surface missions, and subject to recovery. They include: initial water stores, water contained in food, human and other solid wastes, wastewaters and associated brines, ISRU water, and scavenging from residual propellant in landers. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the contribution of water recovery from life support wastes on the overall water balance for lunar surface missions. Water in human wastes, metabolic activity and survival needs are well characterized and dependable figures are available. A detailed life support waste model was developed that summarizes the composition of life support wastes and their water content. Waste processing technologies were reviewed for their potential to recover that water. The recoverable water in waste is a significant contribution to the overall water balance. The value of this contribution is discussed in the context of the other major sources and loses of water. Combined with other analyses these results provide guidance for research and technology development and down-selection.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN1264 , ARC-E-DAA-TN1855 , 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 11, 2010 - Jul 15, 2010; Barcelona, Spain; Spain
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Evaporative Heat Transfer Mechanisms within a Heat Melt Compactor (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper will discuss the status of microgravity analysis and testing for the development of a Heat Melt Compactor (HMC). Since fluids behave completely differently in microgravity, the evaporation process for the HMC is expected to be different than in 1-g. A thermal model is developed to support the design and operation of the HMC. Also, low-gravity aircraft flight data is described to assess the point at which water may be squeezed out of the HMC during microgravity operation. For optimum heat transfer operation of the HMC, the compaction process should stop prior to any water exiting the HMC, but nevertheless seek to compact as much as possible to cause high heat transfer and therefore shorter evaporation times.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support; Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
    Type: GRC-E-DAA-TN8615 , International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 14, 2013 - Jul 18, 2013; Vail, CO; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Testing and Analysis of the First Plastic Melt Waste Compactor Prototype (2005)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: A half scale Plastic Melt Waste Compactor prototype has been developed at NASA Ames Research Center. The half scale prototype unit will lead to the development of a full scale Plastic Melt Waste Compactor prototype that is representative of flight hardware that would be used on near and far term space missions. This report details the testing being done on the prototype Plastic Melt Waste Compactor by the Solid Waste Management group at NASA Ames Research Center. The tests are designed to determine the prototype's functionality, simplicity of operation, ability to contain and control noxious off-gassing, biological stability of the processed waste, and water recovery potential using a waste composite that is representative of the types of wastes produced on the International Space Station, Space Shuttle, MIR and Skylab missions.
    Keywords: Mechanical Engineering
    Type: 35th International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 11, 2005 - Jul 14, 2005; Rome; Italy
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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