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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 10 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The time during which pollen development is most sensitive to chilling was investigated. Five cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) bearing flower buds at different stages of development were kept at 7°C for 1 week under 12-h light periods, during which time growth stopped. After returning the plants to minimum temperatures of 18°C, the presence of chromatin in the pollen was assessed daily as the flowers reached anthesis. The results suggested that there are two stages of acute sensitivity to cold during pollen development, each of which results in cold-stressed plants having pollen empty of chromatin. The first and most sensitive stage is about 11.2 d (SE = 0.3 d) before anthesis, and this is followed by a second stage of sensitivity about 5.6±0.2 d before anthesis. Flowers that had wholly developed under simulated natural temperatures that decreased diurnally from a maximum of 18°C to a minimum of 7°C also had defective pollen, but pollen of normal appearance was regained within 14°d on return to higher temperatures. Plants of L. esculentum, and a form (LA 1363) of the wild species L. hirsutum from high altitudes in the Andes, as well as F1 and F3 generations of their hybrid, were grown to the flowering stage at an altitude of 600 m in Hawaii and then grown for a further 30°d at 2000 m, where night temperature was below 10°C. The high altitude environment severely affected the quality of pollen produced and its release from the stamen in L. esculentum, but not in L. hirsutum LA 1363. The results with the hybrids suggested that such tropical mountain environments can be used as a natural phytotron in the selection of chilling resistance that is only expressed in the mature plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 36 (1972), S. 301-313 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Accretion of lead by abscised barley roots from a lead nitrate solution was metabolically obtained, complemented by a fraction acquired physico-chemically. Added calcium supply did not significantly modify lead accretion. A ten-fold increase in supply concentration produced approximately a two-fold increase in lead accretion. During growth of bean, barley, and tomato plants in solution cultures, a substantial part of the lead supplied became associated with the roots; correspondingly little was present in the tops. A very large fraction of the lead associated with the roots of barley was readily extracted by various solvents, probably resident on the root surface or from free spaces therein; the remainder of the lead acquired may have been that sorbed within the root cells. A possible relationship of lead to phosphate accretion was not evident. There was no apparent effect of applied lead on the sorption of the other elements supplied. Plant dry weights, their top to root ratios and dry-weight percentages were constant under various lead supply concentrations in solution. Where lead supplies were advertently withheld, lead contents in plants were 5 to 25 times that which could have been expected under the solution culture conditions in a greenhouse with carbon filtered ambient air supply. Restriction of advertent lead supply caused no limitation of growth. If lead is essential to growth of these plant species, the critical concentration will probably be less than 2 to 6 ng atoms/g dry weight in plant tops.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 36 (1972), S. 301-313 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Accretion of lead by abscised barley roots from a lead nitrate solution was metabolically obtained, complemented by a fraction acquired physico-chemically. Added calcium supply did not significantly modify lead accretion. A ten-fold increase in supply concentration produced approximately a two-fold increase in lead accretion. During growth of bean, barley, and tomato plants in solution cultures, a substantial part of the lead supplied became associated with the roots; correspondingly little was present in the tops. A very large fraction of the lead associated with the roots of barley was readily extracted by various solvents, probably resident on the root surface or from free spaces therein; the remainder of the lead acquired may have been that sorbed within the root cells. A possible relationship of lead to phosphate accretion was not evident. There was no apparent effect of applied lead on the sorption of the other elements supplied. Plant dry weights, their top to root ratios and dry-weight percentages were constant under various lead supply concentrations in solution. Where lead supplies were advertently withheld, lead contents in plants were 5 to 25 times that which could have been expected under the solution culture conditions in a greenhouse with carbon filtered ambient air supply. Restriction of advertent lead supply caused no limitation of growth. If lead is essential to growth of these plant species, the critical concentration will probably be less than 2 to 6 ng atoms/g dry weight in plant tops.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1972-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-079X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5036
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1987-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0140-7791
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-3040
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1987-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0140-7791
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-3040
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley
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