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  • 1
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    Entomology: The bee-all and end-all (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paxton, Robert -- Brown, Mark -- Kuhlmann, Michael -- Goulson, Dave -- Decourtye, Axel -- Willmer, Pat -- Bonmatin, Jean-Mark -- England -- Nature. 2015 May 21;521(7552):S57-9. doi: 10.1038/521S57a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25992674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Diseases/epidemiology/parasitology/virology ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Beekeeping/manpower/methods ; *Bees/classification/parasitology/physiology/virology ; Biodiversity ; Classification ; Conservation of Natural Resources/methods/trends ; Endangered Species ; Insecticides/adverse effects/toxicity ; Introduced Species ; Organic Agriculture/methods/trends ; Population Density ; Research/*trends ; Research Personnel ; Stress, Physiological ; Varroidae/pathogenicity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of trace elements in high-purity aluminium by total reflection X-ray fluorescence after their separation on cellulose loaded with hexamethylenedithiocarbamates
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 44 (1989), S. 525-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 0584-8547
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0584-8547(89)80060-6
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel form of territoriality: daily paternal investment in an anthophorid bee
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Animal Behaviour 48 (1994), S. 535-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3472
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1994.1274
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for hormonal control of integumentary water loss in cockroaches (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 254 (1975), S. 437-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We now have evidence that integumentary waterproofing may be hormonally controlled. Weight loss is more rapid in decapitated cockroaches than in normal ones or in those in which nervous connection with the brain has been severed (Fig. 1). The involvement of a blood-borne factor is also indicated by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/254437a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-secretory determinants of sugar concentration in nectar (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 2 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The concentration of sugar in the nectars of unprotected flowers of several species was measured and did not reach the high values that would be in equilibrium with the daytime humidities recorded outside the corolla, although the sugar concentration was highly correlated with ambient relative humidity. This paper examines features that maintain low nectar sugar concentrations at low ambient humidities. Post-secretory changes in concentration are influenced to a small extent by nectar composition but depend largely on physico-chemical and microclimatic effects. Factors contributing to the maintenance of steep gradients in water activity between the nectar and the ambient air include corolla morphology, sugar concentration gradients and waterproofing lipid monolayers on the nectar surface. This paper considers the relative importance of such features in relation to the pollination syndrome. A simple technique is described for the measurement of intrafloral relative humidity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1979.tb00084.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How aggressive ant-guards assist seed-set in Acacia flowers (1997)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 388 (1997), S. 165-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The phenomenon of ant-guarding on Acacia trees is probably the best known case of a mutualism between plants and animals, the ants conferring biotic defence against herbivores and perhaps against encroaching vegetation. However, as with many defence mutualisms, sometimes the interests of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/388165a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field analyses of insect heat budgets: Reflectance, size and heating rates (1981)
    Springer
    Oecologia 50 (1981), S. 250-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary This paper outlines simple techniques for determining rates of heat gain and loss in relation to the weight and reflectance of insects caught in their natural habitats. In particular the construction of a new ‘reflectometer’ is described. The results thus obtained permit estimates of the relative importance of size and colour in determining rates of heat exchange and temperature excesses, so allowing better predictions of heat budgets for a given species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348047
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of insect visitors on nectar constituents in temperate plants (1980)
    Springer
    Oecologia 47 (1980), S. 270-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The floral nectar of angiosperms is primarily a solution of simple sugars, but contains detectable amounts of other solutes, particularly amino acids. These have been regarded as diagnostic, for phylogenetic and taxonomic purposes, and their mean concentrations may be significant in relation to the pollination syndrome of a plant species. However, in several temperate flowers the amino acid concentration varied by an order of magnitude when measured at intervals through a single day. In open, cup-shaped flowers, this was partly due to post-secretory equilibration with the varying humidity of the air. But the effects of floral visitation by insects on nectar amino acids were also important, both in open flowers and in those with long corollas and more enclosed nectar. Visitors could add amino acids to nectar by direct contact, by salivation, by damaging the neighbouring tissues causing cell leakage, and by dislodging pollen into the nectar; the importance of each of these effects varied according to corolla morphology and the spectrum of visitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346832
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of insect water balance in pollination ecology: Xylocopa and Calotropis (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 76 (1988), S. 430-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Xylocopa ; Pollination ; Water balance ; Nectar ; Coevolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two carpenter bees (Xylocopa spp.) in southern Israel both use the asclepiad Calotropis procera as a primary nectar source. This plant genus is coevolved with carpenter bees, and aspects of the insect-flower interaction in Israel suggest that the smaller bee, X. sulcatipes, is the natural co-adapted pollinator, a view borne out by the geographical distributions of the species concerned. There are significant mismatches between the plant and the larger X. pubescens, involving physical fit and behaviour. These mismatches are particularly evident when the physiologies of the bees and the plant are considered. The different sizes and colours of the two bees lead to different daily activity patterns, only X. sulcatipes being thermally suited to, and thus abundant at, times of maximum nectar production by Calotropis. Similarly the water requirements of X. sulcatipes are finely balanced with the water production in the floral nectar; this bee gains just enough water when foraging to restore its blood concentration and production in the floral nectar; for deposition in the nest. X. pubescens does not incur net water loss in flight and gains too much water from Calotropis flowers, necessitating copious urination and ‘tonguelashing’. Hence physiological information can be of use in deciphering insect-plant coevolutionary patterns, and the water component of nectar is confirmed as a potentially major determinant of foraging activities. The circumstances where this will be particularly true, and cases where it may not apply, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377039
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nectar of Justicia and Columnea: Composition and concentration in a humid tropical climate (1981)
    Springer
    Oecologia 51 (1981), S. 412-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Studies in Costa Rica on two ornithophilous flowers, Justicia aurea (Acanthaceae) and Columnea glabra (Gesneriaceae) showed a constancy of nectar solute concentrations that was attributed to microclimatic protection by the tubular corolla and to copious nectar secretion, helped by waterproofing by a lipid film on the nectar surface in Justicia and by preferential compass orientation of the flowers of Columnea. Most of the corollas in the patch of Justicia had been pierced by nectar-robbers. A consequence of this damage, together with local microclimate effects, was flower-to-flower variation in the amount and accessibility of nectar and in the nature and concentration of its minor components, notably amino acids. McDade and Kinsman's (1980) finding that nectar secretion could be suppressed by repeated sampling or by nectar-robbing was confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540915
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