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  • 1
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    Controlled Templating of Porphyrins by a Molecular Command Layer (2011)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    In: Langmuir
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-19
    Description: Langmuir DOI: 10.1021/la104724v
    Print ISSN: 0743-7463
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5827
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 2
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    Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-31
    Description: The intestinal epithelium is the most rapidly self-renewing tissue in adult mammals. We have recently demonstrated the presence of about six cycling Lgr5(+) stem cells at the bottoms of small-intestinal crypts. Here we describe the establishment of long-term culture conditions under which single crypts undergo multiple crypt fission events, while simultanously generating villus-like epithelial domains in which all differentiated cell types are present. Single sorted Lgr5(+) stem cells can also initiate these cryptvillus organoids. Tracing experiments indicate that the Lgr5(+) stem-cell hierarchy is maintained in organoids. We conclude that intestinal cryptvillus units are self-organizing structures, which can be built from a single stem cell in the absence of a non-epithelial cellular niche.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sato, Toshiro -- Vries, Robert G -- Snippert, Hugo J -- van de Wetering, Marc -- Barker, Nick -- Stange, Daniel E -- van Es, Johan H -- Abo, Arie -- Kujala, Pekka -- Peters, Peter J -- Clevers, Hans -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 14;459(7244):262-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07935. Epub 2009 Mar 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hubrecht Institute and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19329995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques/*methods ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Intestines/*anatomy & histology/*cytology/metabolism ; Mesoderm/cytology/metabolism ; Mice ; Multipotent Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Organoids/*cytology/growth & development/metabolism ; Paneth Cells/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/*metabolism ; Receptors, Notch/metabolism ; Regeneration ; Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Lgr5 homologues associate with Wnt receptors and mediate R-spondin signalling (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-06
    Description: The adult stem cell marker Lgr5 and its relative Lgr4 are often co-expressed in Wnt-driven proliferative compartments. We find that conditional deletion of both genes in the mouse gut impairs Wnt target gene expression and results in the rapid demise of intestinal crypts, thus phenocopying Wnt pathway inhibition. Mass spectrometry demonstrates that Lgr4 and Lgr5 associate with the Frizzled/Lrp Wnt receptor complex. Each of the four R-spondins, secreted Wnt pathway agonists, can bind to Lgr4, -5 and -6. In HEK293 cells, RSPO1 enhances canonical WNT signals initiated by WNT3A. Removal of LGR4 does not affect WNT3A signalling, but abrogates the RSPO1-mediated signal enhancement, a phenomenon rescued by re-expression of LGR4, -5 or -6. Genetic deletion of Lgr4/5 in mouse intestinal crypt cultures phenocopies withdrawal of Rspo1 and can be rescued by Wnt pathway activation. Lgr5 homologues are facultative Wnt receptor components that mediate Wnt signal enhancement by soluble R-spondin proteins. These results will guide future studies towards the application of R-spondins for regenerative purposes of tissues expressing Lgr5 homologues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Lau, Wim -- Barker, Nick -- Low, Teck Y -- Koo, Bon-Kyoung -- Li, Vivian S W -- Teunissen, Hans -- Kujala, Pekka -- Haegebarth, Andrea -- Peters, Peter J -- van de Wetering, Marc -- Stange, Daniel E -- van Es, Johan E -- Guardavaccaro, Daniele -- Schasfoort, Richard B M -- Mohri, Yasuaki -- Nishimori, Katsuhiko -- Mohammed, Shabaz -- Heck, Albert J R -- Clevers, Hans -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jul 4;476(7360):293-7. doi: 10.1038/nature10337.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hubrecht Institute and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21727895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Frizzled Receptors/metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Regeneration ; *Signal Transduction/genetics ; Thrombospondins/*metabolism ; Wnt Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Wnt3 Protein ; Wnt3A Protein
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Cytoplasmic tail-dependent localization of CD1b antigen-presenting molecules to MIICs (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-07-19
    Description: CD1 proteins have been implicated as antigen-presenting molecules for T cell-mediated immune responses, but their intracellular localization and trafficking remain uncharacterized. CD1b, a member of this family that presents microbial lipid antigens of exogenous origin, was found to localize to endocytic compartments that included the same specialized subset of endosomes in which major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are proposed to bind endocytosed antigens. Unlike MHC class II molecules, which traffic to antigen-loading endosomal compartments [MHC class II compartments (MIICs)] primarily as a consequence of their association with the invariant chain, localization of CD1b to these compartments was dependent on a tyrosine-based motif in its own cytoplasmic tail.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sugita, M -- Jackman, R M -- van Donselaar, E -- Behar, S M -- Rogers, R A -- Peters, P J -- Brenner, M B -- Porcelli, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jul 19;273(5273):349-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8662520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, CD1/analysis/chemistry/*metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes ; Base Sequence ; Cell Compartmentation ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/immunology ; Coated Pits, Cell-Membrane/immunology ; Endocytosis ; Endosomes/*immunology/ultrastructure ; HLA-D Antigens/analysis ; HeLa Cells ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/analysis/*metabolism ; Humans ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monocytes/immunology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Visualization of a short-range Wnt gradient in the intestinal stem-cell niche (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-11
    Description: Mammalian Wnt proteins are believed to act as short-range signals, yet have not been previously visualized in vivo. Self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation are coordinated along a putative Wnt gradient in the intestinal crypt. Wnt3 is produced specifically by Paneth cells. Here we have generated an epitope-tagged, functional Wnt3 knock-in allele. Wnt3 covers basolateral membranes of neighbouring stem cells. In intestinal organoids, Wnt3-transfer involves direct contact between Paneth cells and stem cells. Plasma membrane localization requires surface expression of Frizzled receptors, which in turn is regulated by the transmembrane E3 ligases Rnf43/Znrf3 and their antagonists Lgr4-5/R-spondin. By manipulating Wnt3 secretion and by arresting stem-cell proliferation, we demonstrate that Wnt3 mainly travels away from its source in a cell-bound manner through cell division, and not through diffusion. We conclude that stem-cell membranes constitute a reservoir for Wnt proteins, while Frizzled receptor turnover and 'plasma membrane dilution' through cell division shape the epithelial Wnt3 gradient.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farin, Henner F -- Jordens, Ingrid -- Mosa, Mohammed H -- Basak, Onur -- Korving, Jeroen -- Tauriello, Daniele V F -- de Punder, Karin -- Angers, Stephane -- Peters, Peter J -- Maurice, Madelon M -- Clevers, Hans -- England -- Nature. 2016 Feb 18;530(7590):340-3. doi: 10.1038/nature16937. Epub 2016 Feb 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands. ; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. ; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, the Netherlands. ; The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging institute, Maastricht University, 6229ER Maastricht, the Netherlands. ; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26863187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Division ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Diffusion ; Female ; Frizzled Receptors/metabolism ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa/*cytology ; Male ; Mice ; Organoids/cytology/metabolism ; Paneth Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; *Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; *Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Wnt3 Protein/genetics/*metabolism/secretion
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrinsic efficiency and critical power deposition in the e-beam sustained Ar:Xe Laser (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 Fn ; 41.80 Dd ; 52.80 Tn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Experimental investigations on an e-beam sustained near infrared Ar:Xe laser have been carried out to determine the intrinsic efficiency at optimized conditions. A parametric study at different sustainer currents reveals a maximum output energy depending on current density. Up to 8 bar the optimized laser output power per unit volume increases linearly with 1.1MW/1 bar. Intrinsic efficiencies of up to about 8% are feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325405
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure-dependent optical delay time measurements in a coaxial electron beam pumped Ar:Xe laser (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 193-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Optical delay times and pulse widths of five Ar:Xe laser lines have been measured as a function of the total gas pressure. Both the delay time and the pulse width appeared to be almost linearly dependent on the inverse gas pressure. For a total gas pressure of 14 bars the delay times were around 100 ns, at a total gas pressure of 1 bar the laser output typically appeared after 1–3 μs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101005
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long pulse electron beam pumped molecular F*2 laser (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 399-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An electron beam pumped molecular F*2 laser with optical pulse widths up to 160 ns, and an output energy of 1.7 J (optical flux of 4.6 MW/cm2) has been realized. The widths of the laser pulses seem only limited by the duration of the excitation pulse (160 ns). For specific output powers up to 100 kW/cm3 no signs of self-terminating laser pulses due to bottlenecking in the lower laser level have been observed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359337
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    rf excited 1.1 W/cm waveguide CO2 laser (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 4786-4788 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The results of an optimization procedure performed for a continuous wave rf excited sealed CO2 waveguide laser are presented. Parameters that affect laser performance, such as the excitation frequency, the gas pressure, and composition, as well as the electrode temperature and different kinds of circuit losses have been analyzed. An output power of 41 W (17.7 kW/l) with an efficiency of 12% has been obtained from an optimized laser with an active length 37 cm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354351
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A long-pulse 300 keV electron gun with a plasma cathode for high-pressure gas lasers (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 2449-2452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The design and main features of a plasma cathode electron gun for high-pressure gas lasers are discussed. The mesh plasma cathode in combination with a low-pressure gas discharge was used for the formation of a large cross-section (55×4 cm2) electron beam with emission current densities up to 1.7 A/cm2, accelerating voltages up to 300 kV, and a pulse length of 20 μs (full width at half maximum). © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147195
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