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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 58 (1971), S. 147-147 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 36 (1990), S. 1855-1859 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Basierend auf IBM PC oder kompatiblen Computern wurde ein Mehrzweck-Datenerfassungssystem für analoge thermoanalytische GerÄte (besonders für Mettler TA1 und TA2 und Derivatographen) entwickelt. Das System ist vielseitig, kann spezifischen Anforderungen leicht angepa\t werden und erlaubt den Foreground-Background-Betrieb, d.h. es können gleichzeitig Daten eines laufenden Experimentes erfa\t und Daten früherer Experimente ausgewertet werden.
    Notes: Abstract A multipurpose data-acquisition system based on IBM PC or compatible computers has been developed for analog thermoanalytical equipment (especially for the Mettler TA 1 and TA 2 and Derivatographs). The system is versatile, easily tailored to specific requirements, and permits multitask operation, i. e. the collection of data from current experiments and the evaluation of results from previous experiments simultaneously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 33 (1988), S. 1003-1011 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Solid-state reactions in the CaCO3-SiO2 system with different mass ratios (CaCO3:SiO2=from 1∶0.2 to 1∶10) were studied by means of thermogravimetry, quantitative DTA and high-temperature X-ray diffraction up to 1500 °C. It was found that not CaCO3, but CaO reacted with SiO2. The rate of decarboxylation increased and the temperature of formation of silicate phases decreased significantly with increasing silica content. Only mono- and dicalcium silicates could be detected as solid-state reaction products. Above 1400 °C, an intensive melting process took place; the amount of silica had no clear effect on its temperature range. Quantitative DTA and X-ray diffraction data proved that, below 1000 °C, not only the decarboxylation process, but also silicate formation must be taken into consideration.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 11 (1977), S. 231-240 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumém Les auteurs discutent l'influence de la composition de l'atmosphère (balayage de gaz inertes, gaz nobles, azote, diozyde la carbone, air synthétique ou vide de 10−2 et 10−5 torr) sur la décomposition thermique des substances inorganiques et organiques. Plusieurs exemples montrent qu'il est nécessaire d'appliquer des atmosphères de gaz contrôlées depuis la préparation des échantillons jusqu'à l'étude du mécanisme des réactions dans l'état solide. Les résultats de l'étude par TG-TGD-ATD-SM de la décomposition de l'oxalate d'argent(I), de l'acétate de potassium, d'un mélange natural d'argile et de carbonates alcalinoterreux, ainsi que du comportement de l'oxyde de manganèse(IV)-β et de la déshydroxylation du kaolin aux températures peu élevées, sont présentés.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von inaktiven strömenden Atmosphären (Edelgase, Stickstoff, Kohlendioxid, synth. Luft- und Vakuum (10−2 und 10−5 torr) auf die thermische Zersetzung anorganischer und organischer Substanzen wird auf Grund von Literatur- und eigennen Versuchsangaben erörtert. Die Tatsache, daß es erforderlich ist geregelte Gasatmosphären angefangen von der Probenbereitigung bis zum Studium des Mechanismus von Festphasenreaktionen, anzuwenden, wird an Hand verschiedener Beispiele gezeigt. Die Ergebnisse der besonders durch TG/DTG/DTA/MS-Methoden untersuchten Zersetzungen von Silber(I)-oxalat, Kaliumacetat, einem natürlichen Gemisch von Tonen und Erdalkalikarbonaten, bzw. des Verhaltens vonβ-Mangan(IV)-oxid und der Dehydroxylierung von Kaolin bei niedrigen Temperaturen, werden mitgeteilt.
    Notes: Abstract The influences of inactive, flowing atmospheres (noble gases, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, synthetic air) and vacuum (10−2 and 10−5 torr) on the thermal decompositions of inorganic and organic substances are discussed on the basis of literature and experimental data. The fact that it is necessary to use a controlled gas atmosphere from the preparation of samples up to the study of the mechanisms of solid-state reactions is proved by several examples. Results are presented relating to the decompositions of silver(I) oxalate, potassium acetate, and a natural mixture of clays and alkaline earth metal carbonates, to the behaviour ofβ-manganese(IV) oxide and to the low-temperature dehydroxylation of kaolin, as studied especially by TG, DTG, DTA and MS methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 53 (1998), S. 585-596 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DTA ; FTIR ; Keggin ion ; pillared montmorillonite ; pore structure ; TA-MS ; XRD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Cross-linked montmorillonite was prepared by reacting homoionic sodium form of bentonite (Na-M) from Istenmezeje (Hungary) with high molecular weight polyhydroxy-aluminum complex. The complex was prepared by controlled hydrolysis of alumina macrocation. The intercalated clay (Na-Al-M) was thermally treated to convert the hydroxy cations to oxide pillars. The pillared products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourie transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), (thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermal analysis-mass spectrometry (TA-MS) methods. The specific surface area as well as pore size and pore structure distribution of samples were measured by nitrogen, water and carbon tetrachloride adsorption, and the heat of immersion was also determined. The pillared products were characterized by d(001) reflections of 19 Å, which is stable even at 500°C. The interaction of polymer alumina caused several changes in the obtained FTIR spectra due to the formation of different new bonds. The rate of dehydroxylation of the pillared product is very moderate, the water release occurred in different temperature ranges according to TA-MS results. Dehydration starts at interfaces and at the wall of pores, occurring nearly with uniform rate at 250-500°C. DTA curve indicates the formation of a new phase at 950°C. The obtained surface area of the pillared product by nitrogen adsorption becomes larger (208 m2 g-1) with respect to the non pillared clay, which decreases less than 10% upto 700°C. The pillared sample has a definite pore structure, the quantity of micropores (0-40 Å) decreased with increasing of macropores (〉1000 Å). The obtained domestic pillared montmorillonite possesses a high degree of thermal stability and may be used as adsorbent.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and DSC measurements were used to study the as-quenched state and the crystallization of Fe83P17 amorphous alloys quenched at several different cooling rates. The melt temperatures investigated were 1100 and 1250 °C. We have found changes in the hyperfine field distribution curves as a function of the quenching rate. These changes can be attributed to relaxation effects which are more considerable than those observed in Ni(Fe)P alloys. On the other hand, we have found differences in the phase composition of the partially crystallized alloys kept at different melt temperatures (but quenched at the same rate) at the same stage of crystallization. These can be associated with the similar effect of long-term melting as found earlier in Ni(Fe)P and FeB alloys. This effect can also be expected theoretically in the investigated temperature range.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 187 (1994), S. 33-45 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The crystallization kinetics of Fe83P17 amorphous alloy has been studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The samples were annealed isothermally at two different temperatures (315 °C and 325 °C). During isothermal annealing of the samples three phases were observed: crystalline Fe3P phase, crystalline α-Fe phase and the amorphous phase. The value of the Avrami exponent was found to be about 2.0 at each annealing temperature. This suggests that the growth rate of the crystals is controlled by volume diffusion and the nucleation rate decreases during crystallization. The activation energy obtained for the overall crystallization process was 193±43 kJ mol−1.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 246 (2000), S. 117-121 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements were performed on the perovskite compounds Eu0.7Pr0.3Ba2(Cu0.99 57Fe0.01)3O7-δ, EuBa1.5Pr0.5(Cu0.99 57Fe0.01)3O7-δ and EuBa1.3Pr0.7(Cu0.99 57Fe0.01)3O7-δ. The observed 57Fe Mössbauer spectra provided an evidence for the correct site assignment of subspectra originating from 57Fe in different microenvironments. Apart from a minor component which was assigned to the 57Fe in the Cu(2) site of the copper oxide plane, all the subspectra could be attributed to the 57Fe in the Cu(1) copper oxide chain site with a fourfold (doublet D1), fivefold (doublet D2) or sixfold (doublet D3) oxygen coordination. In contrast, in the compound EuBa2(Cu0.99 57Fe0.01)3O7-δ the 6-coordinated (D3) species has not been observed. The substitution of Pr for Eu or for Ba resulted in an increased occupancy of the O(5) antichain oxygen sites, which was explained by the charge neutrality criterion. Especially, the replacement of Ba2+ with Pr3+ led to an unusually high degree of occupancy of O(5) sites. In the 57Fe Mössbauer spectra the relative area of the 6-coordinated species (D3) increased, and that of the 4-coordinated one (D1) vanished completely in the case when Pr was substituted for Ba. Furthermore, the proportion of the 6-coordinated (D3) species increased at the expense of the 5-coordinated (D2) one with an increasing concentration of Pr at the Ba site. These experimental results are consistent with the variety of Mössbauer results reported so far.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 176 (1993), S. 429-442 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry were used to study the effect of the preparation parameters on the short range ordering of Fe83P17 amorphous alloys. The samples were quenched with different quenching rates from the melt which was kept either at 1100°C or 1250°C for 20 min. The short range order of the amorphous samples was found to depend on the quenching rate due to the relaxation taking place during rapid quenching of the melt. In one case, in the sample quenched with the lowest quenching rate from the melt of 1250°C, crystalline phases identified as Fe3P and α-Fe were also found. This phase separation can be understood by taking into consideration the effect of both the melt temperature and the quenching rate. In this case, the cooling time can be long enough for separation of the phases which can be expected within the range of 1040–1250°C according to the phase diagram.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning calorimetry and electrochemical measurements were used to study the crystallization process of Ni80 57Fe1P19 amorphous alloys kept in melt at different temperatures before quenching. Samples were heated up to 430°C and 720°C at a rate of 20°C/min, in order to reach characteristically different stages of crystallization. Even at the same crystallization, stage the room temperature Mössbauer spectra and the X-ray differactograms were different depending on the temperature (1050°C or 1400°C) at which the samples were kept before quenching the melt. The Mössbauer spectra showed a paramagnetic component and two sextets (H=267 kOe and H=245 kOe) at 430°C while at 720°C there was only one sextet (H=267 kOe) besides the paramagnetic component. The changes in the Mössbauer spectra of different samples due to crystallization are consistent with the explanation that phase separation occurs in Ni80 57Fe1P19 rapidly quenched from the melting temperature of 1050°C.
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