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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 484 (1994), S. 179-190 
    ISSN: 0022-328X
    Keywords: Metallocenes ; Titanium ; Vinyl complexes ; Vinylidene complexes ; α-H-elimination
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Non-uniformities in soil hydraulic properties and infiltration rates are considered to be major reasons for the inefficiencies of some surface irrigation systems. These non-uniformities may cause non-uniformities in soil water contents and could potentially affect plant growth. To investigate whether the non-uniformities in soil water contents can be overcome by well-managed irrigation systems, fields with clay loam soils and planted to cotton were irrigated with a continuous-flow, a surge flow, and a subsurface drip system. Measurements of water contents in each field were taken throughout the growing season at several depths. The water contents measured within the top 0–0.9 m in the three irrigations systems were evaluated in terms of their spatial and temporal variabilities. The analyses indicated that on this soil, use of the surge flow system did not lead to increased spatial uniformities of soil water contents compared with the continuous-flow system. Use of the subsurface drip system resulted in very non-uniform soil water contents above the depth of the emitters. Variability in water contents below the emitter depth was comparable to the surface irrigation systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Irrigation science 11 (1990), S. 37-43 
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary An array of irrigation systems are available which can be broadly classified as being gravity flow or pressurized. Pressurized irrigation systems provide better control on the amount of applied water and, in most cases, better irrigation uniformity than gravity flow systems. They also have a higher initial capital cost than gravity flow systems and an analysis is required to determine whether the improved performance of pressurized systems justifies the additional costs. An economic analysis was done on several irrigation systems which included consideration of farm management costs associated with a given irrigation system, shifts in crop yield and drainage volumes associated with the optimal management of each irrigation system, and costs associated with disposal of drainage waters. Cotton was selected as the crop for analysis. Irrigation uniformity is a significant determinant to the results. Although irrigation uniformities can be highly variable based on design, maintenance and management, a typical uniformity for each irrigation system was selected. For the conditions of the analysis, gravity flow systems were calculated to be more profitable than pressurized systems if there was no constraint on the amount of drainage water generated or cost for its disposal. Imposition of costs for drainage water disposal induced a shift whereby pressurized systems became more profitable than gravity flow systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Irrigation science 6 (1985), S. 211-220 
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Reclamation of saline, organic soils in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California was accomplished by both sprinkling and continuously ponding water on the soil surface. The reclamation data support the generalized guideline established for saline, organic soil. A 70% reduction in the average root zone salinity required 3 months under ponding, compared to 4 months under sprinkling. Although accurate measures of water application on the ponded trials were not possible, the limited data indicate that the amount of water required is about the same per unit depth of soil reclaimed for both ponding and sprinkling. Reclamation proceeded more quickly under the second ponding trial than for sprinkling or the first ponding trial because of improved subsurface drainage. With sprinklers, 70% of the salt was removed from the soil profile to a depth of 1.2 m after 850 mm of leaching water entered the profile. Reclamation by ponding required about the same quantity of water but the water required for leaching could be reduced significantly by improved drainage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 270-272 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Insulin ; potassium ; hyperkalemia ; portal vein ; glucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of hyperkalemia on insulin secretion remains undefined. We evaluated portal and peripheral insulin levels in anesthetized dogs after infusions of KCl. The mean maximal increase in peripheral plasma potassium at infusion rates of 0.2 mEq/kg/h was 0.68±0.20 mEq/l. There were no significant increases in either portal or peripheral insulin levels. In contrast, in six dogs whose plasma potassium concentration increased in each case by more than 2.0 mEq/l (infusion rate of 0.5 mEq/kg/h), portal insulin levels increased fivefold (p〈0.05). We conclude that only marked increases in plasma potassium concentration stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 12 (1873), S. 330-330 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 11 (1872), S. 299-299 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 11 (1872), S. 463-463 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 121 (1941), S. 377-379 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Titanium ; carbene complexes ; bent metallocenes ; heterodinuclear complexes ; transition metal carbonyls ; metallacycles ; isonitriles ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on the Reactivity of Isomeric Heterodinuclear Fischer-Carbene Complexes exhibiting a Titanaoxetan or Titanaoxolen Substructure - Cycloreversion and Insertion ReactionsThe reactivity of isomeric four- and five-membered carbene complexes Cp*2 3 and Cp*2 4 [MLn: Cr(CO)5 (a); W(CO)5 (b); Cp*: C5(CH3)5] has been investigated. A cycloreversion reaction, unusual for common metallaoxetanes, is found to dominate the chemical behaviour of 3. The generation of vinylidene fragment [Cp*2Ti=C=CH2] 2 as an intermediate is proved either by trapping with ethylene and isocyanate or by protonation of the α-carbon atom. On the other hand no cycloreversion is observed for the titanaoxolene carbene complexes 4. Ringenlargement is found by the reaction of 3 and 4 with isonitriles under formation of iminoacyl complexes. Accordingly 2,6-dimethylphenylisonitrile reacts with 3 b forming Cp*2 12 [Ar: 2,6-(CH3)2—C6H3]. A reversible insertion of cyclohexylisonitrile in 4a leads to isolation of the six-membered metallacycle Cp*2 16 (Cy: C6H11).
    Notes: Die isomeren heterodinuklearen vier- und 5 fünfgliedrigen Carbenkomplexe Cp*2 3 und Cp*2 4 [MLn: Cr(CO)5 (a); W(CO)5 (b); Cp*: C5(CH3)5] werden hinsichtlich ihrer chemischen Reaktivität untersucht. Eine für Titanaoxetane ungewöhnliche Cycloreversion dominiert das chemische Verhalten von 3, wobei das intermediär gebildete Vinylidenfragment [Cp*2Ti=C=CH2] 2 durch Abfangreaktionen mit Ethylen und Cyclohexylisocyanat aber auch durch Protonierungen am α-C-Atom nachgewiesen werden kann. Demgegenüber gehen die Carbenkomplexe 4 mit Titanaoxolenteilstruktur keine Cycloreversionen ein. Ringerweiterungsreaktionen werden im Fall der Umsetzungen von 3 und 4 mit Isonitrilen unter Bildung von Iminoacylkomplexen gefunden. So reagiert 2,6-Dimethylphenylisonitril mit 3 b zur Fünfringverbindung Cp*2 12 [Ar: 2,6-(CH3)2—C6H3]. Die reversible Insertion von Cyclohexylisonitril ergibt mit 4a den sechsgliedrigen Metallacyclus Cp*2 16 (Cy: C6H11).
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