ISSN:
0360-6376
Keywords:
Physics
;
Polymer and Materials Science
Source:
Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
Notes:
The rate of reaction of 1-halooctanes with aqueous sodium cyanide catalyzed by phosphonium salts attached to insoluble polystyrene resins by tetramethylene or heptamethylene spacers was studied as a function of catalyst particle size, degree of polymer crosslinking, percentage of ring substitution, and temperature. Rates of reaction of 1-bromooctane with 17-38% ring-substituted catalysts increased as spacer-chain length increased. Rates of reaction of 1-bromooctane decreased, whether the percentage of ring substitution increased or decreased from 17-19%. Rates of reaction of 1-chlorooctane increased with increasing spacer-chain length and decreasing percentage of ring substitution. Apparent activation energy for the reaction of 1-bromooctane with 9% ring-substituted, spacer-modified catalysts was 9-10 kcal/mol and 13 kcal/mol with 17-19% ring-substituted catalysts. The hydrophilicity of catalysts decreased with increasing spacer-chain length and decreasing percentage of ring substitution. The mechanisms of reaction were discussed in terms of intrinsic reactivity and intraparticle diffusion limitations on the reaction rates.
Additional Material:
6 Ill.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170201214
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