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  • 1
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    BIOSAFETY. Safeguarding gene drive experiments in the laboratory (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4692367/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4692367/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akbari, Omar S -- Bellen, Hugo J -- Bier, Ethan -- Bullock, Simon L -- Burt, Austin -- Church, George M -- Cook, Kevin R -- Duchek, Peter -- Edwards, Owain R -- Esvelt, Kevin M -- Gantz, Valentino M -- Golic, Kent G -- Gratz, Scott J -- Harrison, Melissa M -- Hayes, Keith R -- James, Anthony A -- Kaufman, Thomas C -- Knoblich, Juergen -- Malik, Harmit S -- Matthews, Kathy A -- O'Connor-Giles, Kate M -- Parks, Annette L -- Perrimon, Norbert -- Port, Fillip -- Russell, Steven -- Ueda, Ryu -- Wildonger, Jill -- R01 AI070654/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI110713/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007133/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 28;349(6251):927-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7932. Epub 2015 Jul 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92507, USA. Center for Disease Vector Research, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92507, USA. ; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92095, USA. kevin.esvelt@wyss.harvard.edu ebier@ucsd.edu. ; Division of Cell Biology, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. ; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, UK. ; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, Department of Biology, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. ; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria. ; CSIRO Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Underwood Avenue, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia. ; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. kevin.esvelt@wyss.harvard.edu ebier@ucsd.edu. ; Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92095, USA. ; Department of Biology, Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. ; Laboratory of Genetics, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; CSIRO Biosecurity Flagship, General Post Of ce Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia. ; Departments of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Univ. of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. ; Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ; Laboratory of Genetics, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 3EH, UK. ; Department of Genetics, Graduate Univ. for Advanced Studies, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan. NIG-Fly Stock Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan. ; Department of Biochemistry, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26229113" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; *Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; *Containment of Biohazards ; Endonucleases/metabolism ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Genetic Research ; Genome ; *Organisms, Genetically Modified ; *Safety
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Transcriptome Profiling of Nasonia vitripennis Testis Reveals Novel Transcripts Expressed from the Selfish B Chromosome, Paternal Sex Ratio (2013)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-10
    Description: A widespread phenomenon in nature is sex ratio distortion of arthropod populations caused by microbial and genetic parasites. Currently little is known about how these agents alter host developmental processes to favor one sex or the other. The paternal sex ratio (PSR) chromosome is a nonessential, paternally transmitted centric fragment that segregates in natural populations of the jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis . To persist, PSR is thought to modify the hereditary material of the developing sperm, with the result that all nuclear DNA other than the PSR chromosome is destroyed shortly after fertilization. This results in the conversion of a fertilized embryo—normally a female—into a male, thereby insuring transmission of the "selfish" PSR chromosome, and simultaneously leading to wasp populations that are male-biased. To begin to understand this system at the mechanistic level, we carried out transcriptional profiling of testis from WT and PSR-carrying males. We identified a number of transcripts that are differentially expressed between these conditions. We also discovered nine transcripts that are uniquely expressed from the PSR chromosome. Four of these PSR-specific transcripts encode putative proteins, whereas the others have very short open reading frames and no homology to known proteins, suggesting that they are long noncoding RNAs. We propose several different models for how these transcripts could facilitate PSR-dependent effects. Our analyses also revealed 15.71 MB of novel transcribed regions in the N. vitripennis genome, thus increasing the current annotation of total transcribed regions by 53.4%. Finally, we detected expression of multiple meiosis-related genes in the wasp testis, despite the lack of conventional meiosis in the male sex.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 3
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    The Developmental Transcriptome of the Mosquito Aedes aegypti, an Invasive Species and Major Arbovirus Vector (2013)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-10
    Description: Mosquitoes are vectors of a number of important human and animal diseases. The development of novel vector control strategies requires a thorough understanding of mosquito biology. To facilitate this, we used RNA-seq to identify novel genes and provide the first high-resolution view of the transcriptome throughout development and in response to blood feeding in a mosquito vector of human disease, Aedes aegypti , the primary vector for Dengue and yellow fever. We characterized mRNA expression at 34 distinct time points throughout Aedes development, including adult somatic and germline tissues, by using polyA+ RNA-seq. We identify a total of 14,238 novel new transcribed regions corresponding to 12,597 new loci, as well as many novel transcript isoforms of previously annotated genes. Altogether these results increase the annotated fraction of the transcribed genome into long polyA+ RNAs by more than twofold. We also identified a number of patterns of shared gene expression, as well as genes and/or exons expressed sex-specifically or sex-differentially. Expression profiles of small RNAs in ovaries, early embryos, testes, and adult male and female somatic tissues also were determined, resulting in the identification of 38 new Aedes -specific miRNAs, and ~291,000 small RNA new transcribed regions, many of which are likely to be endogenous small-interfering RNAs and Piwi-interacting RNAs. Genes of potential interest for transgene-based vector control strategies also are highlighted. Our data have been incorporated into a user-friendly genome browser located at www.Aedes.caltech.edu , with relevant links to Vectorbase ( www.vectorbase.org )
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 4
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    Identification of Genes Uniquely Expressed in the Germ-Line Tissues of the Jewel Wasp Nasonia vitripennis (2015)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: The jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis is a rising model organism for the study of haplo-diploid reproduction characteristic of hymenopteran insects, which include all wasps, bees, and ants. We performed transcriptional profiling of the ovary, the female soma, and the male soma of N. vitripennis to complement a previously existing transcriptome of the wasp testis. These data were deposited into an open-access genome browser for visualization of transcripts relative to their gene models. We used these data to identify the assemblies of genes uniquely expressed in the germ-line tissues. We found that 156 protein-coding genes are expressed exclusively in the wasp testis compared with only 22 in the ovary. Of the testis-specific genes, eight are candidates for male-specific DNA packaging proteins known as protamines. We found very similar expression patterns of centrosome associated genes in the testis and ovary, arguing that de novo centrosome formation, a key process for development of unfertilized eggs into males, likely does not rely on large-scale transcriptional differences between these tissues. In contrast, a number of meiosis-related genes show a bias toward testis-specific expression, despite the lack of true meiosis in N. vitripennis males. These patterns may reflect an unexpected complexity of male gamete production in the haploid males of this organism. Broadly, these data add to the growing number of genomic and genetic tools available in N. vitripennis for addressing important biological questions in this rising insect model organism.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 5
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    The Y chromosome of Anopheles [Applied Biological Sciences] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-13
    Description: Y chromosomes control essential male functions in many species, including sex determination and fertility. However, because of obstacles posed by repeat-rich heterochromatin, knowledge of Y chromosome sequences is limited to a handful of model organisms, constraining our understanding of Y biology across the tree of life. Here, we leverage long...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 6
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    Highly Efficient Site-Specific Mutagenesis in Malaria Mosquitoes Using CRISPR (2018)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: Anopheles mosquitoes transmit at least 200 million annual malaria infections worldwide. Despite considerable genomic resources, mechanistic understanding of biological processes in Anopheles has been hampered by a lack of tools for reverse genetics. Here, we report successful application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for highly efficient, site-specific mutagenesis in the diverse malaria vectors Anopheles albimanus , A. coluzzii , and A. funestus . When guide RNAs (gRNAs) and Cas9 protein are injected at high concentration, germline mutations are common and usually biallelic, allowing for the rapid creation of stable mutant lines for reverse genetic analysis. Our protocol should enable researchers to dissect the molecular and cellular basis of anopheline traits critical to successful disease transmission, potentially exposing new targets for malaria control.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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