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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organizational metamorphosis led by front line staff (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Employee relations 21 (1999), S. 556-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-5455
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This article highlights the fact that in an attempt to cope with the turbulence and hostility which characterize their operating environments, many public sector organizations have embarked upon far-reaching programmes of unsettling strategic change. These programmes often exhibit features of disintegration. Additionally they are frequently formulated by senior managers in isolation from organizational members, who are then expected to implement them without question or consultation. This article argues that such approaches to change management are unlikely to bring about the desired transformation. Rather, using a case study of one public sector organization in the Republic of Ireland, it is argued that organizations are more likely to experience the required metamorphosis where the change commences at the periphery and is led by relatively junior front line staff, with senior management practitioners acting as facilitators of organizational transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425459910299866
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Participation as the key to successful change - a public sector case study (2002)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 23 (2002), S. 442-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Public sector reform has focussed attention on how different models of change can contribute to organizational metamorphosis. Traditional "top down" approaches are unlikely to achieve the necessary change. Instead, using a case study of an Irish public sector organization, this article argues that direct participation, involving frontline staff, can play a key role in ensuring acceptance of change and in creating the conditions for employees to make effective contributions to their organization. Direct participation plays a vital role in employee development. However, it also places demands on organizations to adopt a more facilitative and supportive style of management and to put in place mechanisms that will ensure that participation becomes an integral part of the work process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437730210449339
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophoretic and computer analysis of skeletal muscle used for cardiac assistance (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 12 (1991), S. 570-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Skeletal muscle has an inherent plasticity which allows it to undergo fibre type transformation when induced by a specific stimulus. Electrical stimulation has been used here to induce transformation of a predominantly fast type skeletal muscle towards a slow, more fatigue-resistant phenotype, which is more suitable for use in long-term cardiac assistance. Muscle samples from animals electrically stimulated for periods up to 6 months have been analysed by electrophoresis for myosin heavy chain (MHC) and myosin light chain (MLC) fast and slow isoforms. Densitometry and computer analysis have been used to determine the pattern of transformation of the different myosin subunits over this time period. MHC and MLC 2 fast to slow isoform switching preceded that of the alkali light chains (MLC1 and MLC3). After 3 months of stimulation the MHC slow isoform was found to have doubled in concentration relative to the unstimulated control muscle and by 4 months accounted for almost 50 % of the total MW content. The slow isoform accounted for 75 % of the MLC 2 after 4 months of stimulation. The protein products of mRNA isolated from stimulated muscle samples, translated in vitro and separated by electrophoresis, showed that transformation at the mRNA level preceded that at the protein level. By 2-4 weeks of stimulation MLC2 slow isoform mRNA represented over 60 % of the total MLC2 mRNA population. An understanding of the molecular structure of muscle during transformation provides insight into its haemodynamic performance in cardiac assistance.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150120716
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophoretic analysis of electrically trained skeletal muscle (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 13 (1992), S. 726-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sheep latissimus dorsi muscle was electrically trained, thereby inducing fast-to-slow fibre-type transformation. Using a combination of one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis techniques with computer analysis, we have analysed altered expression of contractile protein isoforms at protein and mRNA level over a time course of electrical training extending to 5 months. Myosin heavy chain and regulatory myosin light chain analysis showed predominant expression of their slow isoforms (86% and 92%, respectively) after 3 months of training. At the same time point, however, tropomyosin analysis revealed that the slow isoform of the α-subunit accounted for 64% of the total α expression. Troponin T isoform switching proceeded more slowly over the same time course than tropomyosin and the thick filament proteins studied. Troponin T analysis revealed 5 fast and 2 slow isoforms in the sheep, of which the second slow isoform only became clearly visible after 5 months' training. At this time point the two slow isoforms were more predominant than their fast counterparts. This suggests that a wide heterogeneity of fast and slow isoform combinations are possible in the thin filament of skeletal muscle.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501301155
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