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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 48 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Both male and female Parablennius sanguinolentus parvicornis were ready to mate by the end of May. Seventy-five per cent of the 1-year-old males were mature, but only 25% of the females reached maturity at this age. In females, gonads formed an increasingly greater proportion of the total weight with age, but in males the proportion decreased. A bimodal distribution of gonadosomatic indices classes was observed in 2-year-old males (intermediate size), which reflected the lower opportunity that intermediate size males have to spend the ejaculates than have the younger and older males. The liver played an important role in the storage of energy before the reproductive season and reserves were utilized during the breeding season. Physical condition was at its lowest in July in both sexes, but in May, just before the breeding season began, large maturing females had significantly lower eviscerated condition than males. This could be due to females investing in oocyte development, while the priority for the males was to reserve their energy for the parental activities to come. In both males and females, older and bigger animals had lower hepatosomatic and body conditions than younger ones.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Variation in beach seine catches was examined in two juvenile flatfish populations (Port Erin, Isle of Man and Porto Pirn, Azores) to determine the importance of diel cycles while controlling for tidal rhythmicity. At Port Erin sampling was undertaken at each low water on consecutive days over a 2-week period in May/June and September 1991. There was no periodicity in the catches of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) in May/June, but in September catches were higher at night. Other flatfish species (Limanda limanda, Pleuronectes flesus, Scophthalmus maximus and S. rhombus) sampled at Port Erin were nocturnal. At Porto Pirn, Azores, fish were sampled over 24 h each month from July 1989 to June 1990 and at each low water over a 2-week period in July 1991. The only flatfish species present was Bothuspodas, which had a diurnal pattern in catches over a 1-year period. Sampling at low water in July gave high catches at both midnight and midday.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 43 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The occurrence, abundance and day/night differences in catch with a beach seine are reported for a population of lesser weever at Porto Pim Bay, Faial, Azores from June 1989 to June 1990. The highest catches in shallow water occurred in September, and were greater at night.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Deepwater sculpin, Myoxocephalus thompsoni (Girard), were sampled from six stations from the 15–100 m depth contours in Lake Michigan between April 1983 and July 1984. In south-eastern Lake Michigan M. thompsoni lay benthic eggs in offshore waters, which hatch between November and August, with peak hatching in March. Abundance of larvae in pelagic samples was higher offshore than inshore, but larval size was greater and development more advanced at inshore stations, indicating an inshore movement after hatching. Larvae reached metamorphosis at 20 mm and settled to the bottom beginning in July. Pelagic larvae 20–40 mm were found in the lower water column at all stations, but newly settled individuals were only captured with bottom trawls at inshore locations (≤60 m depth). Data from ichthyoplankton and bottom trawl samples in 1983 and 1984 indicated that locations for successful settlement of larvae to the bottom extended only as deep as the shallowest fringe of the adult population (〉 50 m in 1983). In 1983, maximum density of larvae reached 0.4 individuals m−3 by June. Survival from the pelagic larval stage to the demersal young-of-year stage in 1983/1984 was c. 0.1–0.4%. The specific mechanism of mortality at the time of transition to a demersal habit has not been determined.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 21 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The general biology of a population of Lesueurigobius friesii in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland, was studied between October 1977 and December 1979. In this population the fish attained 95 mm and lived a maximum of nine years. The population growth characteristics from von Bertalanffy growth curves showed that the Clyde stock of L. friesii attained a greater maximum theoretical length (L∞) than stocks in the Lynn of Lorne or Biscay and had a lower growth coefficient (K). In all three stocks, the majority of the growth in length (A0.95) was achieved by the end of the fourth year of life. In general the sex ratio was 1: 1 throughout the season. Spawning occurred from May to August, approximately the same time as the Lynn of Lorne stock. Sexual maturity was first reached at a smaller size in males than females. The abundance of L. friesii in the Clyde fluctuated considerably with reduced numbers of fish caught just after spawning.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The life history of the white sea bream Diplodus sargus in the Azores showed a pattern consistent with digynic hermaphroditism achieving sexual maturity during the second year of life, at 16·7 cm LT. Spawning occurred from March to June at temperatures between 15 and 17° C and the onset and duration of spawning season in the sea bream appeared to be influenced by sea water temperatures. As latitude decreased, both in the northern and southern hemispheres, the spawning season of D. sargus populations started earlier and extended longer, highlighting the potential importance of temperature to the onset and duration of reproduction in this species. Settlement took place from late May to July, and settlers remained in the nursery area for c. 2·5 months. Emigration from the nursery area to join shoals of juveniles occurred from late July to September.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 16 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The Lumpenus lampretaeformis used in this study were caught on soft sediments in Irvine Bay and Ardmucknish Bay (West Coast of Scotland). In aquaria the fish is capable of constructing and maintaining its own burrow in soft sediments. The burrow has a‘Y’configuration which may be made complex by the construction of additional tunnels as the original system begins to decay. The cross sections of these burrows are distinctive in that they have an oval shape in the main tunnel and a rounded cross section in the subsidiary (side) tunnel. Burrowing can be relatively rapid, a burrow with three entrances being constructed within 12 h.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 41 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Juvenile plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) were studied in Port Erin Bay, Isle of Man, U.K. between September and March 1989/1990 and 1990/1991. Plaice (〉90 mm) were tagged and individual growth rates calculated for the autumn, winter and over-winter time periods. During the study the population of fish 〉90 mm remained fairly stable both within a study season and between years. Autumn growth rates ranged from 0 to 0.39 mm day−1 (mean1989=0.13 mm day−1, mean1990=0.10 mm day −1) and winter 0 to 0.5 mm day−1 (mean1990=0.11 mm day−1 and mean1991=0.17 mm day −1). In general, growth rates were higher at higher mean seasonal temperatures. However, relative growth rate was significantly higher in the colder winter period of 1991 than 1990.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 62 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Biology of the Macaronesian endemic rockling Gaidropsarus guttatus was studied in the Azores. The overall sex ratio from the samples was highly in favour of females (1 : 6·33). The growth parameters were L∞ = 24·23, k = 1·219 and t0 = −0·059. Fish matured at 15 cm LT and the spawning season was strongly clustered in April.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 50 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Predation on planktonic fish eggs was examined by stomach content analysis of sprat and herring sampled in a plaice spawning area to the east of the Isle of Man in March 1993. Plankton samples were taken to examine prey selection. The clupeids showed a selection for the later developmental stages of plaice eggs. Plaice eggs had a refuge in size from predation by sprat 〈80 mm total length which selected smaller non-plaice eggs. However, herring and sprat 〉80 mm total length showed a strong selection for plaice eggs, presumably due to their large size.
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